Spaulder

The spaulder is a laminated plate shoulder defence. It is smaller than the pauldron but performs the same function and was very popular in Germany. Appearing from about 1320, they persisted until the end of plate armour in the 17th century. Frequently 14th century armours did not feature these defences even though they were available. In the 15th century the spaulder might be riveted to the rerebrace.

As is it smaller than the pauldron, it is frequently seen with besagews.