Eye glasses
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Eye glasses, or spectacles, a pair of lenses used to improve vision, were invented in Italy in the late 1280's. At this early stage, they took the form of pince-nez (pinching the nose to stay in place) or were simply held up to the eyes by hand. At first, eyeglasses treated only presbyopia, or farsightedness, as convex lenses were used. Eyeglasses using concave lenses to treat myopia (nearsightedness) were in use by the early 1500's. Modern frames using arms that hook over the ears were not invented until the 18th century.
