Renaissance: Difference between revisions

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'''Important Renaissance Poltical Leaders:'''
'''Important Renaissance Poltical Leaders:'''
*Italian Renaissance
*Italian Renaissance
**[[Leonardo Bruni]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_Bruni Leonardo Bruni]
**[[Isabella dEste]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_dEste Isabella dEste]
**[[Francesco Foscari]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Foscari Francesco Foscari]
**[[Cosimo de Medici]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_de_Medici Cosimo de Medici]
**[[Lorenzo de Medici]] (a.k.a. ''Lorenzo il Magnifico'')
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_de_Medici Lorenzo de Medici] (a.k.a. ''Lorenzo il Magnifico'')
**[[Coluccio Salutati]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coluccio_Salutati Coluccio Salutati]
**[[Francesco Sforza]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Sforza Francesco Sforza]
*Northern European Renaissance
*Northern European Renaissance
**[[Francis I of France]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_I_of_France Francis I of France]
**[[Henry VIII of England]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England Henry VIII of England]
**[[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]]
**[http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]


'''Important Renaissance Religious Figures:'''
'''Important Renaissance Religious Figures:'''
* [[Pope Nicholas V]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_V Pope Nicholas V]
* [[Pope Pius II]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_II Pope Pius II]
* [[Pope Sixtus IV]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_IV Pope Sixtus IV]
* [[Pope Alexander VI]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_VI Pope Alexander VI]
* [[Pope Julius II]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_II Pope Julius II]
* [[Pope Leo X]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_X Pope Leo X]
* [[Girolamo Savonarola]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Savonarola Girolamo Savonarola]
* [[Martin Luther]]
* [[Reformation|Martin Luther]]


'''Important Renaissance authors:'''
'''Important Renaissance authors:'''
* [[Andrea Alciato]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_Alciato Andrea Alciato]
* [[Ludovico Ariosto]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovico_Ariosto Ludovico Ariosto]
* [[Leonardo Bruni]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_Bruni Leonardo Bruni]
* [[Giovanni Boccaccio]]
* [[Giovanni Boccaccio]]
* [[Erasmus of Rotterdam]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erasmus_of_Rotterdam Erasmus of Rotterdam]
* [[Michel de Montaigne ]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_de_Montaigne Michel de Montaigne]
* [[Petrarch]], Francesco Petrarca
* [[Petrarch]], Francesco Petrarca
* [[Castiglione]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castiglione Castiglione]
* [[Coluccio Salutati]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coluccio_Salutati Coluccio Salutati]
* [[Francois Rabelais]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francois_Rabelais Francois Rabelais]
* [[William Shakespeare]]
* [[William Shakespeare]]
* [[Thomas More]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_More Thomas More]


'''Important Renaissance artists:'''
'''Important Renaissance artists:'''
* [[Fra Angelico]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fra_Angelico Fra Angelico]
* [[Giotto di Bondone]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giotto_di_Bondone Giotto di Bondone]
* [[Hieronymus Bosch]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus_Bosch Hieronymus Bosch]
* [[Pieter Brueghel the Elder]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_Brueghel_the_Elder Pieter Brueghel the Elder]
* [[Pieter Brueghel the Younger]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pieter_Brueghel_the_Younger Pieter Brueghel the Younger]
* [[Jan Brueghel the Elder]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Brueghel_the_Elder Jan Brueghel the Elder]
* [[Jan Brueghel the Younger]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Brueghel_the_Younger Jan Brueghel the Younger]
* [[Filippo Brunelleschi]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippo_Brunelleschi Filippo Brunelleschi]
* [[Donatello]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donatello Donatello]
* [[Sandro Botticelli]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandro_Botticelli Sandro Botticelli]
* [[Albrecht Durer]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albrecht_Durer Albrecht Durer]
* [[Michelangelo]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michelangelo Michelangelo]
* [[Raffaello Santi|Raphael]], Raffaello Sanzio
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raffaello_Santi Raphael], Raffaello Sanzio
* [[Leonardo da Vinci]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci Leonardo da Vinci]
* [[Jan van Eyck]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_van_Eyck Jan van Eyck]
* [[Rogier van der Weyden]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rogier_van_der_Weyden Rogier van der Weyden]


'''Important Renaissance scientists:'''
'''Important Renaissance scientists:'''
* [[Tycho Brahe]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tycho_Brahe Tycho Brahe]
* [[Copernicus]]
* [[Copernicus]]
* [[Johannes Kepler]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler Johannes Kepler]
* [[Paracelsus]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracelsus Paracelsus]


'''Important Renaissance philosophers:'''
'''Important Renaissance philosophers:'''
* [[Nicholas of Cusa]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_of_Cusa Nicholas of Cusa]
* [[Marsilio Ficino]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsilio_Ficino Marsilio Ficino]
* [[Niccolo Machiavelli]]
* [[Niccolo Machiavelli]]
* [[Francesco Guicciardini]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Guicciardini Francesco Guicciardini]




'''Important [[Renaissance Music]]:'''
'''Important [[Renaissance Music]]:'''
* [[Josquin Des Prez]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josquin_Des_Prez Josquin Des Prez]
* [[Johann Fux]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Fux Johann Fux]


'''Important [[Renaissance Dance]]:'''
'''Important [[Renaissance Dance]]:'''
* [[Domenico da Piacenza]]
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenico_da_Piacenza Domenico da Piacenza]
* [[Fabritio Caroso]]
* [[Fabritio Caroso]]
* [[Thoinot Arbeau]]
* [[Thoinot Arbeau]]

Revision as of 12:05, 7 November 2003

The Renaissance was a cultural movement and time period in the History of Europe, considered to mark the end of the Middle Ages. The Renaissance is usually considered to have begun in the 14th century in Italy and the 16th century in northern Europe. It is also known as "Rinascimento" (in Italian).

"Renaissance" is a French word that literally means rebirth. This name has been historically used in contrast to the Dark Ages, a term coined by Petrarch to refer to what we now call the Middle Ages. Following Petrarch's lead, the term had long been considered appropriate because during the Renaissance, the literature and culture of the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome were adopted by scholars and artists in Italy, and widely disseminated through printing. During the last quarter of the 20th century, however, more and more scholars began to take a view that the Renaissance was perhaps only one of many such movements. This was in large part due to the work of historians like Charles H. Haskins, who made convincing cases for a "Renaissance of the 12th century," as well as by historians arguing for a "Carolingian renaissance." Both of these concepts are now accepted by the scholarly community at large; as a result, the present trend among historians is to discuss each so-called renaissance in more particular terms, e.g., the Italian Renaissance, the English Renaissance, etc. This terminology is particularly useful because it eliminates the need for fitting "The renaissance" into a chronology that previously held that it was preceded by the Middle Ages and followed by the Reformation, which was sometimes patently false. The entire period is now more often replaced by the term 'Early Modern' in the practice of historians. See periodization.


The following article discusses the Renaissance in its most traditional form, as a cultural and scientific rebirth that began in 14th c. Italy, where one of its main centers was Florence, Italy, and then spread throughout Europe. In science, theology, literature and art, the Renaissance began with a rediscovery of and focus on older Greek texts which had disappeared from the West in the latter years of the Roman Empire. Towards the end of the Renaissance, scientists increasingly began to reject Greek (and biblical) sources in favor of new discoveries. Theologians continued to focus on the Greek, as well as on the relatively new study Hebrew and Aramaic. The second half of the Renaissance is also the period of the Reformation.

Rinascimento is also considered as a sort of natural evolution of italian Umanesimo.

Important Renaissance Poltical Leaders:

Important Renaissance Religious Figures:

Important Renaissance authors:

Important Renaissance artists:

Important Renaissance scientists:

Important Renaissance philosophers:


Important Renaissance Music:

Important Renaissance Dance: