https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&feed=atom&action=historyMercia - Revision history2024-03-28T21:49:41ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.3https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=23669&oldid=prevConrad Leviston: category:Kingdoms (medieval)2005-09-07T10:11:05Z<p><a href="/index.php?title=Category:Kingdoms_(medieval)" title="Category:Kingdoms (medieval)">category:Kingdoms (medieval)</a></p>
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</table>Conrad Levistonhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=11067&oldid=prevSimoncursitor at 07:42, 30 August 20052005-08-30T07:42:40Z<p></p>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>According to the ''Saxon Chronicle'', the Mercians came originally from the Anglian region of [[Germany]], along with the East and Middle [[Angle]]s and other peoples who colonised the lands north of the Humber. Their coming-over is not dated but an entry for 655CE records that the "Mercians" became [[Christian]], so they must have been in [[England]] in sufficient numbers by then to constitute a seprate people.</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On this basis we can say that the kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the [[6th century|6th]] and [[7th century|7th centuries]], although 655CE is also the year in which [[King]] Penda is supposed to have been killed, succeeded by his son Peada, who was killed next year "betrayed by his [[queen]]". Still, by 675, and the death of Wufhere, Penda's son, the Mercians had a [[minster]], at Medhamsted, and were on at least their 3rd [[bishop]].</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Mercia's first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line claiming descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the [[Wales|Welsh]] [[prince]]s. The other notable member of this line appears to have been Ethelbald, who ruled for 41 years (716-755), being succeeded by Bernred, whom Offa "put to flight".</div></td>
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</table>Simoncursitorhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=10990&oldid=prev195.92.40.49: Erroneous character2005-06-24T14:06:05Z<p>Erroneous character</p>
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</table>195.92.40.49https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=9837&oldid=prevSimoncursitor at 10:37, 17 June 20052005-06-17T10:37:54Z<p></p>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Cenelm 821</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Ceolwulf I son of Cuthbryht 821 to 823</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Beornwulf 823 to 825</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Ludeca 826 to 827</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Wiglaf 827 to 829</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Egbert King of Wessex 829 to 830</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Wiglaf 830 to 840</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Wigstan 840</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Beorhtwulf 840 to 852 -- killed by Danes</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>:Burgred/Burhred 852 to 874 -- expelled by Danes</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::Ceolwulf II 873 to 879 -- a puppet king set up by Danes</div></td>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::Aethelred 879-911 -- as ealdorman of West Mercia under the King of Wessex</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::Ethelfleda 911-918 -- "Lady of the Mercians" under the King of Wessex</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>::Aelfwynn 918-919 -- "Lady of the Mercians"</div></td>
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</table>Simoncursitorhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=9770&oldid=prevConrad Leviston: Template added.2005-05-27T14:07:18Z<p>Template added.</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 01:07, 28 May 2005</td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 868 a "[[heathen]]" [[army]] ravaged Mercia, till they were bought off. That lasted till 870, when the heathens returned. The Mercians paid up again in 872 and 873; in 874 their [[king]] was killed and his successor, Ceolwulf II, swore to the heathen service. This, however, did little or no good: in 877 the kingdom was raided again, and after an Aethelred (879-884) the line of kings was reduced to one of client eorldermen under Wessex, and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 868 a "[[heathen]]" [[army]] ravaged Mercia, till they were bought off. That lasted till 870, when the heathens returned. The Mercians paid up again in 872 and 873; in 874 their [[king]] was killed and his successor, Ceolwulf II, swore to the heathen service. This, however, did little or no good: in 877 the kingdom was raided again, and after an Aethelred (879-884) the line of kings was reduced to one of client eorldermen under Wessex, and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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</table>Conrad Levistonhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=9424&oldid=prevCian: links2004-10-31T23:58:24Z<p>links</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:58, 1 November 2004</td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">kingdoms</del> of [[England]].</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Norman conquest|</ins>Conquest<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Anglo-Saxon<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[kingdom]]s</ins> of [[England]].</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Its centre was in the valley of the River Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the Humber to the Thames, and west to the borders of [[Wales]].</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Its centre was in the valley of the River Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the Humber to the Thames, and west to the borders of [[Wales]].</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>According to the ''Saxon Chronicle'', the Mercians came originally from the Anglian region of [[Germany]], along with the East and Middle <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Angles</del> and other peoples who colonised the lands north of the Humber. Their coming-over is not dated but an entry for 655CE records that the "Mercians" became Christian, so they must have been in [[England]] in sufficient numbers by then to constitute a seprate people.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> <br></del></div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>According to the ''Saxon Chronicle'', the Mercians came originally from the Anglian region of [[Germany]], along with the East and Middle <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Angle]]s</ins> and other peoples who colonised the lands north of the Humber. Their coming-over is not dated but an entry for 655CE records that the "Mercians" became <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Christian<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, so they must have been in [[England]] in sufficient numbers by then to constitute a seprate people.</div></td>
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<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_5_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_3_0_lhs"></a>On this basis we can say that the kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the [[6th century|6th]] and [[7th century|7th centuries]], although 655CE is also the year in which King Penda is supposed to have been killed, succeeded by his son Peada, who was killed next year "betrayed by his queen". Still, by 675, and the death of Wufhere, Penda's son, the Mercians had a [[minster]], at Medhamsted, and were on at least their 3rd [[bishop]].</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_3_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_5_0_rhs"></a>On this basis we can say that the kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the [[6th century|6th]] and [[7th century|7th centuries]], although 655CE is also the year in which <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>King<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> Penda is supposed to have been killed, succeeded by his son Peada, who was killed next year "betrayed by his <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>queen<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>". Still, by 675, and the death of Wufhere, Penda's son, the Mercians had a [[minster]], at Medhamsted, and were on at least their 3rd [[bishop]].</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_9_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_6_0_lhs"></a>Mercia's first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line claiming descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the Welsh <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">princes</del>. The other notable member of this line appears to have been Ethelbald, who ruled for 41 years (716-755), being succeeded by Bernred, whom Offa "put to flight".<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> <br></del></div></td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_11_1_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_8_0_lhs"></a>Offa tried to secure his sucession by murdering many of the candidates. In the event this handed the kingdom, after the death of Offa's son Egfrith, to a rival line, that of Coenwalh. Within half a century, after attacks on the Kentish and East Anglians kingdoms, Mercia became a client kingdom of [[Wessex]], initially for about a year in 827-8CE. Later, in 853, the kingdoms allied to "conquer" North [[Wales]], and the Mercian king married the daughter of Ethelwulf, [[King]] of the West Saxons.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> <br></del></div></td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_6_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_9_0_rhs"></a>Mercia's first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line claiming descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Wales|</ins>Welsh<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[prince]]s</ins>. The other notable member of this line appears to have been Ethelbald, who ruled for 41 years (716-755), being succeeded by Bernred, whom Offa "put to flight".</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_11_3_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_10_0_lhs"></a>In 868 <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">an</del> "heathen" army ravaged Mercia, till they were bought off. That lasted till 870, when the heathens returned. The Mercians paid up again in 872 and 873; in 874 their [[king]] was killed and his successor, Ceolwulf II, swore to the heathen service. This, however, did little or no good: in 877 the kingdom was raided again, and after an Aethelred (879-884) the line of kings was reduced to one of client eorldermen under Wessex, and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_8_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_11_1_rhs"></a>Offa tried to secure his sucession by murdering many of the candidates. In the event this handed the kingdom, after the death of Offa's son Egfrith, to a rival line, that of Coenwalh. Within half a century, after attacks on the Kentish and East Anglians kingdoms, Mercia became a client kingdom of [[Wessex]], initially for about a year in 827-8CE. Later, in 853, the kingdoms allied to "conquer" North [[Wales]], and the Mercian king married the daughter of Ethelwulf, [[King]] of the West Saxons.</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_10_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_11_3_rhs"></a>In 868 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a</ins> "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>heathen<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>army<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> ravaged Mercia, till they were bought off. That lasted till 870, when the heathens returned. The Mercians paid up again in 872 and 873; in 874 their [[king]] was killed and his successor, Ceolwulf II, swore to the heathen service. This, however, did little or no good: in 877 the kingdom was raided again, and after an Aethelred (879-884) the line of kings was reduced to one of client eorldermen under Wessex, and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
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</table>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=6844&oldid=prevSimoncursitor: Further shading2004-10-29T07:48:53Z<p>Further shading</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 18:48, 29 October 2004</td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of [[England]].</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of [[England]].</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Its centre was in the valley of the River Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Hunber</del> to the Thames, and west to the borders of [[Wales]].</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Its centre was in the valley of the River Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Humber</ins> to the Thames, and west to the borders of [[Wales]].</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>According to the ''Saxon Chronicle'', the Mercians came originally from the Anglian region of [[Germany]], along with the East and Middle Angles and other peoples who colonised the lands north of the Humber. Their coming-over is not dated but an entry for 655CE records that the "Mercians" became Christian, so they must have been in [[England]] in sufficient numbers by then to constitute a seprate people. <br></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_5_2_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_4_0_lhs"></a><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the later [[6th century]], and its</del> first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line claiming descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the Welsh princes. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Offa</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tried to secure his sucession by</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">murdering</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">many</del> of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">candidates.</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">event</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">this handed the kingdom</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">after</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">death</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Offa's</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">son Egfrith</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">rival</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">line</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">that</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">of</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Coenwalh.</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Within</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">half</del> <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">a century Mercia had become a client kingdom of [[Wessex]] and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</del></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>On this basis we can say that the kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the [[6th century|6th]] and [[7th century|7th centuries]], although 655CE is also the year in which King Penda is supposed to have been killed, succeeded by his son Peada, who was killed next year "betrayed by his queen". Still, by 675, and the death of Wufhere, Penda's son, the Mercians had a [[minster]], at Medhamsted, and were on at least their 3rd [[bishop]].</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_4_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_5_2_rhs"></a><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Mercia's</ins> first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line claiming descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the Welsh princes. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">other</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">notable</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">member</ins> of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">this</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">line</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">appears</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">have</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">been</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ethelbald</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">who</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ruled</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">for</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">41</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">years</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(716-755)</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">being</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">succeeded</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">by</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bernred</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">whom</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Offa</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"put</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">flight".</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br></ins></div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Offa tried to secure his sucession by murdering many of the candidates. In the event this handed the kingdom, after the death of Offa's son Egfrith, to a rival line, that of Coenwalh. Within half a century, after attacks on the Kentish and East Anglians kingdoms, Mercia became a client kingdom of [[Wessex]], initially for about a year in 827-8CE. Later, in 853, the kingdoms allied to "conquer" North [[Wales]], and the Mercian king married the daughter of Ethelwulf, [[King]] of the West Saxons. <br></div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>In 868 an "heathen" army ravaged Mercia, till they were bought off. That lasted till 870, when the heathens returned. The Mercians paid up again in 872 and 873; in 874 their [[king]] was killed and his successor, Ceolwulf II, swore to the heathen service. This, however, did little or no good: in 877 the kingdom was raided again, and after an Aethelred (879-884) the line of kings was reduced to one of client eorldermen under Wessex, and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
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</table>Simoncursitorhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=6835&oldid=prevConrad Leviston: typos, wikify and minor formatting2004-10-26T11:33:06Z<p>typos, wikify and minor formatting</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:33, 26 October 2004</td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of [[England]].<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> <br></del></div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of [[England]].</div></td>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Its centre was in the valley of the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Rover</del> Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the Hunber to the Thames, and west to the borders of Wales.<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br></del></div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Its centre was in the valley of the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">River</ins> Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the Hunber to the Thames, and west to the borders of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Wales<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>.</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_5_1_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_4_0_lhs"></a>The kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the later <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sixth</del> century, and its first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">caliming</del> descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the Welsh princes. Offa tried to secure his sucession by murdering many of the candidates. In the event this handed the kingdom, after the death of Offa's son Egfrith, to a rival line, that of Coenwalh. Within half a century Mercia had become a client kingdom of [[Wessex]] and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_4_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_5_1_rhs"></a>The kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the later <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[6th</ins> century<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, and its first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">claiming</ins> descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the Welsh princes. Offa tried to secure his sucession by murdering many of the candidates. In the event this handed the kingdom, after the death of Offa's son Egfrith, to a rival line, that of Coenwalh. Within half a century Mercia had become a client kingdom of [[Wessex]] and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div></td>
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</table>Conrad Levistonhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Mercia&diff=6787&oldid=prevSimoncursitor: sketch2004-10-26T11:28:38Z<p>sketch</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''Mercia''' was one of the pre-Conquest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of [[England]]. <br><br />
Its centre was in the valley of the Rover Trent, and its tributaries, but later it grew to extend from the Hunber to the Thames, and west to the borders of Wales.<br><br />
The kingdom roughly shook itself into shape around the later sixth century, and its first major line of kings were the descendants of Penda. In their wake came a line caliming descent from one Eowa, which included the Offa of [[Offa's Dyke]], an early border marker between the Anglo-Saxon lands and those of the Welsh princes. Offa tried to secure his sucession by murdering many of the candidates. In the event this handed the kingdom, after the death of Offa's son Egfrith, to a rival line, that of Coenwalh. Within half a century Mercia had become a client kingdom of [[Wessex]] and in 919CE the kingdoms were merged.</div>Simoncursitor