https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&feed=atom&action=historyJames I - Revision history2024-03-29T09:55:23ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.3https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=39490&oldid=prevSimoncursitor at 11:59, 21 May 20092009-05-21T11:59:32Z<p></p>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. [[Scholar]]s also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. [[Scholar]]s also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">?</del>40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of [[Brittany]]; another to James, [[Earl]] of Morton; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the [[Count]] of Grand Pre; and the last to the Count of [[Geneva]]. </div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">£</ins>40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of [[Brittany]]; another to James, [[Earl]] of Morton; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the [[Count]] of Grand Pre; and the last to the Count of [[Geneva]]. </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
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</table>Simoncursitorhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=38214&oldid=prevFar-Bjorn: sp2008-08-26T11:50:08Z<p>sp</p>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (born 1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (born 1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, David [[Stewart]], the [[Duke]] of Rothesay, starved to death in [[prison]] at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to [[France]] for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young [[prince]] and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a [[ransom]]. It was this capture which, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">allegdedly</del>, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. </div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, David [[Stewart]], the [[Duke]] of Rothesay, starved to death in [[prison]] at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to [[France]] for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young [[prince]] and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a [[ransom]]. It was this capture which, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">allegedly</ins>, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. [[Scholar]]s also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. [[Scholar]]s also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
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</table>Far-Bjornhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=28374&oldid=prevCian: tidy up2006-08-08T04:48:41Z<p>tidy up</p>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, David [[Stewart]], the [[Duke]] of Rothesay, starved to death in [[prison]] at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to [[France]] for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young [[prince]] and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a [[ransom]]. It was this capture which, allegdedly, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. </div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, David [[Stewart]], the [[Duke]] of Rothesay, starved to death in [[prison]] at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to [[France]] for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young [[prince]] and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a [[ransom]]. It was this capture which, allegdedly, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. </div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Scholar]]s</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</ins></div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of ?40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>Brittany<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>; another to James, [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">earl</del>]] of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>Morton<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the Count of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>Grand Pre<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>; and the last to the Count of<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> '''Geneva'''.<br>Scholars also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish</del> [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">literature</del>]] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">extent.</del></div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of ?40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Brittany<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>; another to James, [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Earl</ins>]] of Morton; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Count<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> of Grand Pre; and the last to the Count of [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Geneva</ins>]]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. </ins> </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 19:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 19:</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James I's grandfather, [[Robert III]], had married twice and the awkward circumstances of the first marriage (the one with James's grandmother Elizabeth Mure) led some to dispute its validity. Conflict broke out between the descendants of the first marriage and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of the second marriage over who had the better right to the Scottish [[throne]]. Matters came to a head on February 21, 1437, when a group of Scots led by [[Sir]] Robert Graham murdered James at the [[Dominican]] [[Monastery]] in Perth. James attempted to escape his assailants through a [[sewerage|sewer]]. However, three days previously, he had had the other end of the drain blocked up because of its connection to the [[tennis]] court outside, [[ball]]s habitually got lost in it. </div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James I's grandfather, [[Robert III]], had married twice and the awkward circumstances of the first marriage (the one with James's grandmother Elizabeth Mure) led some to dispute its validity. Conflict broke out between the descendants of the first marriage and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of the second marriage over who had the better right to the Scottish [[throne]]. Matters came to a head on February 21, 1437, when a group of Scots led by [[Sir]] Robert Graham murdered James at the [[Dominican]] [[Monastery]] in Perth. James attempted to escape his assailants through a [[sewerage|sewer]]. However, three days previously, he had had the other end of the drain blocked up because of its connection to the [[tennis]] court outside, [[ball]]s habitually got lost in it. </div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A wave of executions followed in March, 1437, of those who had participated in the plot. The authorities executed (among others) James's uncle, Walter, and Walter's grandson, Robert &mdash; both of them descended from Robert II's second marriage<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A wave of executions followed in March, 1437, of those who had participated in the plot. The authorities <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[execution|</ins>executed<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> (among others) James's uncle, Walter, and Walter's grandson, Robert &mdash; both of them descended from Robert II's second marriage.</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
</table>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=28363&oldid=prevSimoncursitor at 11:25, 7 August 20062006-08-07T11:25:37Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:25, 7 August 2006</td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 7:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 7:</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. </div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. </div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of ?40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of '''Brittany'''; another to James, [[earl<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">}}</del> of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Moron</del>; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the Count of Grand Pre; and the last to the Count of Geneva.<br>Scholars also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of ?40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of '''Brittany'''; another to James, [[earl<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Morton'''</ins>; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the Count of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</ins>Grand Pre<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</ins>; and the last to the Count of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</ins>Geneva<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</ins>.<br>Scholars also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
</tr>
</table>Simoncursitorhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=28362&oldid=prevSimoncursitor at 11:24, 7 August 20062006-08-07T11:24:43Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:24, 7 August 2006</td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 7:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 7:</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. </div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became [[Regent]] on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in [[Windsor Castle]] and in secure large country houses near [[London]]. </div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of ?40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. His other daughters also married well: one to the [[Duke]] of '''Brittany'''; another to James, [[earl}} of Moron; a third to the [[Archduke]] of [[Austria]]; the fourth to the Count of Grand Pre; and the last to the Count of Geneva.<br>Scholars also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of �40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the English king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He [[marriage|married]] her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. Scholars also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish [[literature]] extent.</div></td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James was formally [[crown]]ed King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The [[execution]] of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling [[Castle]]. In another he summoned all the [[Highland]] [[clan]] [[lord]]s before [[Parliament]] at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three [[hanging|hanged]] and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an [[army]] to suppress him and only the [[Queen]]'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
</tr>
</table>Simoncursitorhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=26596&oldid=prevCian: fix number2006-05-19T03:43:59Z<p>fix number</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:43, 19 May 2006</td>
</tr><tr>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'' This is the page for '''James I of Scotland'''. The details for '''[[James <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">IV</del>|James I of England]]''' are found on a separate page.''</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'' This is the page for '''James I of Scotland'''. The details for '''[[James <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">VI</ins>|James I of England]]''' are found on a separate page.''</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>----</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>----</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (born 1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (born 1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
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</table>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=16786&oldid=prevCian: disambiguator2006-05-19T03:08:41Z<p>disambiguator</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:08, 19 May 2006</td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'' This is the page for '''James I of Scotland'''. The details for '''[[James IV|James I of England]]''' are found on a separate page.''</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>----</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (born 1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (born 1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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</table>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=16784&oldid=prevCian: credit wikipedia, links, formatting2006-05-11T01:00:30Z<p>credit wikipedia, links, formatting</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 12:00, 11 May 2006</td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">born1394</del>; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''James I''' (<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">born 1394</ins>; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>David Stewart<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>, the Duke of Rothesay, starved to death in prison at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to France for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young prince and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a ransom. It was this capture which, allegdedly, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. </div></td>
<td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, David <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Stewart<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Duke<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> of Rothesay, starved to death in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>prison<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>France<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>prince<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>ransom<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. It was this capture which, allegdedly, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>, who became Regent on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in Windsor Castle and in secure large country houses near London. </div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>James's uncle, Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, who became <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Regent<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Windsor Castle<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> and in secure large country houses near <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>London<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_9_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_6_0_rhs"></a>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_12_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_8_0_rhs"></a>James was formally <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[crown]]ed</ins> King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>execution<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Castle<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. In another he summoned all the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Highland<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>clan<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[lord]]s</ins> before <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Parliament<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[hanging|</ins>hanged<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>army<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> to suppress him and only the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Queen<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>'s intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_6_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_9_0_lhs"></a>After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td>
<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_15_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_11_0_rhs"></a>James was described by his contemporaries as being of medium height but thickset and large-boned. He was athletic, skilled as rider, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>archer<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[spear]]man</ins> and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[wrestling|</ins>wrestler<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. He had an active mind, addressing both the disciplines of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[war]]fare</ins> (and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[firearm|</ins>gunnery<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> in particular) and of [[poetry]] and [[music]].</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_8_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_12_0_lhs"></a>James was formally <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">crowned</del> King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The execution of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling Castle. In another he summoned all the Highland clan <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">lords</del> before Parliament at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three hanged and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an army to suppress him and only the Queen's intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_18_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_14_0_rhs"></a>James proceeded to rule Scotland with a firm hand, and achieved numerous financial and legal reforms. For instance, for the purpose of trade with other nations, he made Scots <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>coinage<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> exchangeable for foreign currency only within Scottish borders. He also tried to remodel the [[Parliament]] of Scotland along English lines, and he established a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>court<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">hear</ins> complaints of abuses. However, in foreign policy, he renewed the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Auld Alliance<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, a Scottish-French (and therefore anti-English) alliance, in 1428, while steadfastly refusing all the claims of the [[Roman Catholic]] Church to influence within his kingdom.</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_11_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_15_0_lhs"></a>James was described by his contemporaries as being of medium height but thickset and large-boned. He was athletic, skilled as rider, archer, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">spearman</del> and wrestler. He had an active mind, addressing both the disciplines of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">warfare</del> (and gunnery in particular) and of [[poetry]] and [[music]].</div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
<td class="diff-marker"></td>
<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_22_0_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_17_0_rhs"></a>His actions throughout his reign, though effective, upset many people. During the later years of his <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>reign<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>, they helped to lead to his claim to the throne coming under question. </div></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_14_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_18_0_lhs"></a>James proceeded to rule Scotland with a firm hand, and achieved numerous financial and legal reforms. For instance, for the purpose of trade with other nations, he made Scots coinage exchangeable for foreign currency only within Scottish borders. He also tried to remodel the [[Parliament]] of Scotland along English lines, and he established a court to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">heare</del> complaints of abuses. However, in foreign policy, he renewed the Auld Alliance, a Scottish-French (and therefore anti-English) alliance, in 1428, while steadfastly refusing all the claims of the [[Roman Catholic]] Church to influence within his kingdom.</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-right" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to old location." href="#movedpara_22_2_lhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_20_0_rhs"></a>James I's grandfather, [[Robert III]], had married twice and the awkward circumstances of the first marriage (the one with James's grandmother Elizabeth Mure) led some to dispute its validity. Conflict broke out between the descendants of the first marriage and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of the second marriage over who had the better right to the Scottish <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>throne<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. Matters came to a head on February 21, 1437, when a group of Scots led by <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Sir<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> Robert Graham murdered James at the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Dominican<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>Monastery<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> in Perth. James attempted to escape his assailants through a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[sewerage|</ins>sewer<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>. However, three days previously, he had had the other end of the drain blocked up because of its connection to the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[</ins>tennis<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins> court outside, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[ball]]s</ins> habitually got lost in it. </div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_17_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_22_0_lhs"></a>His actions throughout his reign, though effective, upset many people. During the later years of his reign, they helped to lead to his claim to the throne coming under question. </div></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td class="diff-marker"><a class="mw-diff-movedpara-left" title="Paragraph was moved. Click to jump to new location." href="#movedpara_20_0_rhs">⚫</a></td>
<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><a name="movedpara_22_2_lhs"></a>James I's grandfather, [[Robert III]], had married twice and the awkward circumstances of the first marriage (the one with James's grandmother Elizabeth Mure) led some to dispute its validity. Conflict broke out between the descendants of the first marriage and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of the second marriage over who had the better right to the Scottish throne. Matters came to a head on February 21, 1437, when a group of Scots led by Sir Robert Graham murdered James at the Dominican Monastery in Perth. James attempted to escape his assailants through a sewer. However, three days previously, he had had the other end of the drain blocked up because of its connection to the tennis court outside, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">balls</del> habitually got lost in it. </div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A wave of executions followed in March, 1437, of those who had participated in the plot. The authorities executed (among others) James's uncle, Walter, and Walter's grandson, Robert &mdash; both of them descended from Robert II's second marriage).</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A wave of executions followed in March, 1437, of those who had participated in the plot. The authorities executed (among others) James's uncle, Walter, and Walter's grandson, Robert &mdash; both of them descended from Robert II's second marriage).</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{Scottish Monarch | ruler = James I | predecessor = [[Robert III]] | successor = [[James II]] | reign = 1406-1437}}</div></td>
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<td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></td>
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<td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''This page was originally based on the [[wikipedia:James I of Scotland|equivalent page]] in the [[Wikipedia]].''</div></td>
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</table>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=James_I&diff=16347&oldid=prevSimoncursitor at 12:46, 10 May 20062006-05-10T12:46:01Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''James I''' (born1394; died 1437) reigned as [[King]] of [[Scotland]] from April 1406 until his death in February 1437. However, from 1406 to 1424 he was king in name only.<br />
<br />
He was born the second son of [[Robert III]] of Scotland and Annabella Drummond. He had an eventful childhood. In 1402 his elder brother, '''David Stewart''', the Duke of Rothesay, starved to death in prison at Falkland in Fife. And, fearing a like fate, before the death of his father in 1406 the authorities sent James to France for safety. However, on the voyage to France, the [[England|English]] captured the young prince and he was imprisoned by King [[Henry IV]], who demanded a ransom. It was this capture which, allegdedly, led to the death of his father, [[Robert III]], from grief. <br />
<br />
James's uncle, '''Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany''', who became Regent on the death of Robert III, showed no haste in paying for his nephew's release. Although Albany secured the release of his own son, Murdoch, who had captured at the same time, he did not do so with James, but simply carried on ruling Scotland in his own interests. (Indeed, some said that it had been Albany who had been responsible for the death of David Stewart.) Thus, for the next 18 years, James remained a prisoner/hostage in England. For his part, once it was clear that Albany was not going to pay up, Henry IV treated the young Scots King quite well, seeing to it that he was educated during his imprisonment in Windsor Castle and in secure large country houses near London. <br />
<br />
<br />
After the death of James's uncle in 1420, the Scots finally paid the ransom of �40,000, and in 1424 James returned to Scotland to find a country in chaos. He took his bride with him &ndash; he had met and fallen in love with Joan Beaufort, a great-grand-daughter of the [[England|English]] king [[Edward III]], and a neice of Henry IV, while imprisoned. He married her in London in 1423, and they were to have eight children, including the future [[James II]] of Scotland, and Margaret, wife of [[Louis XI]] of [[France]]. <br>Scholars also believe that during his captivity James wrote ''The Kingis Quair'', an allegorical romance, and one of the earliest major works of Scottish literature extent.<br />
<br />
James was formally crowned King of Scotland in 1424, and he immediately took strong actions to regain authority and control. In one such action he had his uncle's family, who had opposed his actions, executed. The execution of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, and two of Murdoch's sons took place in 1425 at Stirling Castle. In another he summoned all the Highland clan lords before Parliament at Inverness, imprisoned them all, had three hanged and, when Alexander of the Isles led his clansmen in a raid to burn Inverness, he led an army to suppress him and only the Queen's intervention commuted Alexander's punishment from death to imprisonment.<br />
<br />
James was described by his contemporaries as being of medium height but thickset and large-boned. He was athletic, skilled as rider, archer, spearman and wrestler. He had an active mind, addressing both the disciplines of warfare (and gunnery in particular) and of [[poetry]] and [[music]].<br />
<br />
James proceeded to rule Scotland with a firm hand, and achieved numerous financial and legal reforms. For instance, for the purpose of trade with other nations, he made Scots coinage exchangeable for foreign currency only within Scottish borders. He also tried to remodel the [[Parliament]] of Scotland along English lines, and he established a court to heare complaints of abuses. However, in foreign policy, he renewed the Auld Alliance, a Scottish-French (and therefore anti-English) alliance, in 1428, while steadfastly refusing all the claims of the [[Roman Catholic]] Church to influence within his kingdom.<br />
<br />
<br />
His actions throughout his reign, though effective, upset many people. During the later years of his reign, they helped to lead to his claim to the throne coming under question. <br />
<br />
James I's grandfather, [[Robert III]], had married twice and the awkward circumstances of the first marriage (the one with James's grandmother Elizabeth Mure) led some to dispute its validity. Conflict broke out between the descendants of the first marriage and the unquestionably legitimate descendants of the second marriage over who had the better right to the Scottish throne. Matters came to a head on February 21, 1437, when a group of Scots led by Sir Robert Graham murdered James at the Dominican Monastery in Perth. James attempted to escape his assailants through a sewer. However, three days previously, he had had the other end of the drain blocked up because of its connection to the tennis court outside, balls habitually got lost in it. <br />
<br />
A wave of executions followed in March, 1437, of those who had participated in the plot. The authorities executed (among others) James's uncle, Walter, and Walter's grandson, Robert &mdash; both of them descended from Robert II's second marriage).<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Scottish Monarch | ruler = James I | predecessor = [[Robert III]] | successor = [[James II]] | reign = 1406-1437}}<br />
<br />
[[category:Monarchs_(medieval)]]</div>Simoncursitor