13th century

Events

• Fourth through eighth crusades of western European kingdoms against Islam
• Albigensian Crusade ravages Occitania (1209-1229)
• Fall of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors
• Mongols under Genghis Khan conquer and rule over most of Asia and Eastern Europe, establish Mongolian dynasty in China
• Marco Polo and his family reach China
• James I of Aragon takes control of Balearic Islands and Valencia
• Invention of eye glasses

Significant people

• Alexander of Hales, philosopher and theologian
• Albertus Magnus, German philosopher and theologian
• Thomas Aquinas, theologian
• Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan order
• Roger Bacon, Franciscan, philosopher, and scientist
• Bonaventure, Franciscan theologian
• Philip II Augustus, Capetian king of France
• Petrus Peregrinus, scientist
• Robert Grosseteste, English statesman and theologian
• Louis IX of France, St. Louis, French king and crusader
• Frederick II, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
• Dante, Italian writer
• Ramon Llull, Majorcan philosopher

Some Groups that Cover This Period

• SCA

Internal Links

See also:

• 12th Century
• 13th century fighting equipment
• 14th Century
• Period

External Links

• Some Clothing of the Middle Ages
• Thirteenth Century.com