Fibre staple
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The staple of a fibre is the length of the individual fibres.
Most wool is generally between 2in (very short) to 4-5 inches (better quality fleece that can be spun very fine).
Flax, cotton and other vegetable-based fibres have a medium-long staple - which is why they can be spun into such fine thread.
Silk is the longest of all - having one fibre continuously wound around and around to make the coccoon.