Robert I - Revision history

Simoncursitor at 09:55, 25 May 2011

2011-05-25T09:55:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:55, 25 May 2011
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	1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.		1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.

	1315 -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].		1315 -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother [[Edward Bruce\|Edward]] is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].

	1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].		1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].

Cian at 11:21, 27 April 2011

2011-04-27T11:21:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:21, 27 April 2011
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	1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].		1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].

	1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].		1329 -- [[Death of Robert the Bruce\|Death of Bruce]], at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].

	{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successor = [[David II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}		{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successor = [[David II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}

Nyckname at 11:38, 21 August 2009

2009-08-21T11:38:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:38, 21 August 2009
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	'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick in her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a ~~sizable~~ [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].		'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick in her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].

	Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.		Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.
Line 15:		Line 15:
	1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.		1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.

		⚫	1315 -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].
	1

⚫	~~315~~ -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].

	1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].		1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].

	1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. ~~Succeed~~ by son,n, David -- [[David II]].		1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].

	{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| ~~successo~~= [[~~Davavid~~ II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}		{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successor = [[David II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}
	[[Category:14th century]]		[[Category:14th century]]
	[[~~Catego:M~~:Monarchs (medieval)]]		[[Category:Monarchs (medieval)]]
		⚫	[[category:people (medieval)]]
	[
⚫	[category:people (medieval)]]

Nyckname at 11:35, 21 August 2009

2009-08-21T11:35:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:35, 21 August 2009
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	'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick in her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a ~~sizeable~~ [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].		'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick in her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizable [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].

	Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.		Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.
Line 15:		Line 15:
	1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.		1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.

			1
⚫	~~1315~~ -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].

		⚫	315 -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].

	1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].		1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].

	1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. ~~Succeeded~~ by son, David -- [[David II]].		1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeed by son,n, David -- [[David II]].

	{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| ~~successor~~ = [[~~David~~ II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}		{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successo= [[Davavid II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}
	[[Category:14th century]]		[[Category:14th century]]
	[[~~Category~~:Monarchs (medieval)]]		[[Catego:M:Monarchs (medieval)]]
			[
	[[category:people (medieval)]]		[category:people (medieval)]]

Nyckname at 11:34, 21 August 2009

2009-08-21T11:34:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:34, 21 August 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick ~~ion~~ her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].		'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick in her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].

	Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.		Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.

User 144 at 01:16, 6 October 2006

2006-10-06T01:16:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:16, 6 October 2006
Line 20:		Line 20:

	1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].		1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].

⚫	[[category:~~monarchs~~ (medieval)]]
	{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successor = [[David II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}		{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successor = [[David II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}
			[[Category:14th century]]
			[[Category:Monarchs (medieval)]]
		⚫	[[category:people (medieval)]]

Cian: spelling, links,categorise

2005-08-26T14:07:16Z

spelling, links,categorise

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:07, 27 August 2005
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	'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was Countess of Carrick ion her ~~oen~~ right, as heir to her father, the Earl. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable army) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].~~<br>~~		'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th [[Lord]] of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was [[Countess]] of Carrick ion her own right, as [[heir]] to her father, the [[Earl]]. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable [[army]]) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].
	Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] county, granted its own government but obliged to pay taxes and supply armies and men whenever and however required.<br>
⚫	Shortly thereafter Robert's grandfather surrendered his claim on the throne to his son, Robert's father ~~[They~~ were all called Robert, by the way], who in turn resigned the Carrick earldom to Robert. In 1295 Robert married. Isobel (or Isabella) was daughter to the Earl of Mar, but in the following year she died in childbed, their daughter Marjorie growing up to marry the [[High Steward (Scotland)\|High Steward of Scotland]], and have a son of his, ~~'''~~Robert~~'''~~, who would become [[Robert II]].

	In ~~1296, on~~ the ~~death~~ of [[John ~~Balliol\|~~Balliol]] the Bruces, ~~father~~ ~~and~~ ~~son~~, ~~were~~ ~~obliged~~ to ~~swear~~ ~~fealty~~ to ~~[[Edward~~ ~~I\|Edward]]~~ ~~but~~ ~~when~~, in the ~~following~~ ~~year~~, ~~the~~ ~~Scots~~ ~~rose~~ in ~~revolt~~ ~~against~~ ~~the Guardian (governor)~~ Edward ~~had~~ ~~sent~~ ~~north,~~ ~~Robert refused orders~~ to ~~support~~ the ~~Governor,~~ ~~but~~ ~~instead~~ ~~led~~ ~~troops~~ to ~~harry~~ ~~and~~ ~~lay~~ ~~waste~~ ~~the~~ ~~Scots~~ ~~supporters~~ of ~~Edward.~~ ~~Compelled~~ to ~~make~~ ~~terms,~~ ~~Bruce~~ ~~was~~ ~~pardoned~~ in ~~return~~ ~~for his allegiance~~ and ~~his~~ ~~infant daughter as a hostage~~. ~~<br>~~		Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] [[county]], granted its own government but obliged to pay [[tax]]es and supply armies and men whenever and however required.
⚫	After the resignation, as Guardian, of William Wallace, Bruce became joint guardian with ~~'''~~John Comyn~~'''~~ (who also had his own claim to the throne). They failed to rise above their personal differences, even when the [[Bishop]] of St.Andrews was appointed as third co-Guardian in 1299. In 1300 Bruce resigned and was replaced; in 1301 all 3 joint Guardians resigned, and an Englishman was appointed, who immediately tried to negotiate the return of [[John Balliol\|Balliol]]. It may have been the threat of the ~~reutnr~~ of Balliol that led Bruce and others, in 1302, to submit to Edward, thereby preserving what they had against the time of Edward's death.~~<br>~~
⚫	In 1302 Bruce also remarried, to Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of the Earl of Ulster. By her he was to have 4 children, including his successor as king, [[David II\|David]].

		⚫	Shortly thereafter Robert's grandfather surrendered his claim on the [[throne]] to his son, Robert's father (they were all called Robert, by the way), who in turn resigned the Carrick earldom to Robert. In 1295 Robert [[marriage\|married]]. Isobel (or Isabella) was daughter to the Earl of Mar, but in the following year she died in childbed, their daughter Marjorie growing up to marry the [[High Steward (Scotland)\|High Steward of Scotland]], and have a son of his, Robert, who would become [[Robert II]].
⚫	- - -

			In 1296, on the death of [[John Balliol\|Balliol]] the Bruces, father and son, were obliged to swear [[fealty]] to [[Edward I\|Edward]] but when, in the following year, the Scots rose in revolt against the Guardian (governor) Edward had sent north, Robert refused orders to support the Governor, but instead led troops to harry and lay waste the Scots supporters of Edward. Compelled to make terms, Bruce was pardoned in return for his allegiance and his infant daughter as a [[hostage]].
⚫	1306 -- Bruce crowned King; [[Edward I]] ~~ivades~~, Bruce forced to flee to western isles.

		⚫	After the resignation, as Guardian, of [[William Wallace]], Bruce became joint guardian with John Comyn (who also had his own claim to the throne). They failed to rise above their personal differences, even when the [[Bishop]] of St.Andrews was appointed as third co-Guardian in 1299. In 1300 Bruce resigned and was replaced; in 1301 all 3 joint Guardians resigned, and an Englishman was appointed, who immediately tried to negotiate the return of [[John Balliol\|Balliol]]. It may have been the threat of the return of Balliol that led Bruce and others, in 1302, to submit to Edward, thereby preserving what they had against the time of Edward's death.

		⚫	In 1302 Bruce also remarried, to Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of the Earl of Ulster. By her he was to have 4 children, including his successor as [[king]], [[David II\|David]].
		⚫	----
		⚫	1306 -- Bruce crowned [[King]]; [[Edward I]] invades, Bruce forced to flee to western isles.

	1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.		1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.

	1315 -- Bruce invades Ireland, to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is ~~crowned~~ [[High King]].		1315 -- Bruce invades [[Ireland]], to open second front against [[England\|English]]; his brother Edward is [[crown]]ed [[High King]].

		⚫	1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Bruce as its [[king]].

⚫	1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and ~~Robert~~ as its [[king]].
	1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].		1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].
			[[category:monarchs (medieval)]]
			{{Scottish Monarch \| ruler = Robert I <br>(the Bruce) \| predecessor = [[John Balliol]] \| successor = [[David II]] \| reign = 1306-1329}}

Simoncursitor at 13:44, 2 August 2005

2005-08-02T13:44:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:44, 2 August 2005
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was Countess of Carrick ion her oen right, as heir to her father, the Earl. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable army) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].<br>		'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was Countess of Carrick ion her oen right, as heir to her father, the Earl. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland\|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable army) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].<br>
	Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] county, granted its own government but obliged to pay taxes and supply armies and men whenever and however required.<br>		Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] county, granted its own government but obliged to pay taxes and supply armies and men whenever and however required.<br>
	Shortly thereafter Robert's grandfather surrendered his claim on the throne to his son, Robert's father [They were all called Robert, by the way], who in turn resigned the Carrick earldom to Robert. In 1295 Robert married. Isobel (or Isabella) was daughter to the Earl of Mar, but in the following year she died in childbed, their daughter Marjorie growing up to marry the High Steward of Scotland, and have a son of his, '''Robert''', who would become [[Robert II]].		Shortly thereafter Robert's grandfather surrendered his claim on the throne to his son, Robert's father [They were all called Robert, by the way], who in turn resigned the Carrick earldom to Robert. In 1295 Robert married. Isobel (or Isabella) was daughter to the Earl of Mar, but in the following year she died in childbed, their daughter Marjorie growing up to marry the [[High Steward (Scotland)\|High Steward of Scotland]], and have a son of his, '''Robert''', who would become [[Robert II]].

	In 1296, on the death of [[John Balliol\|Balliol]] the Bruces, father and son, were obliged to swear fealty to [[Edward I\|Edward]] but when, in the following year, the Scots rose in revolt against the Guardian (governor) Edward had sent north, Robert refused orders to support the Governor, but instead led troops to harry and lay waste the Scots supporters of Edward. Compelled to make terms, Bruce was pardoned in return for his allegiance and his infant daughter as a hostage. <br>		In 1296, on the death of [[John Balliol\|Balliol]] the Bruces, father and son, were obliged to swear fealty to [[Edward I\|Edward]] but when, in the following year, the Scots rose in revolt against the Guardian (governor) Edward had sent north, Robert refused orders to support the Governor, but instead led troops to harry and lay waste the Scots supporters of Edward. Compelled to make terms, Bruce was pardoned in return for his allegiance and his infant daughter as a hostage. <br>

Simoncursitor: Sorry -- have become bored with this: have left notes for 3rd half.

2005-06-17T10:21:45Z

Sorry -- have become bored with this: have left notes for 3rd half.

New page

'''Robert I''' (also '''Robert the Bruce''') was the son of Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, and of Margaret his wife, who was Countess of Carrick ion her oen right, as heir to her father, the Earl. Through his mother Robert became Earl in turn; through his father he inherited a claim on the [[Scotland|Scottish]] [[throne]] as a descendant (albeit through a female line) of [[David I]]. He was born in 1274, and was therefore well aware of the kerfuffle when [[Edward I]] of [[England]] came north (with a sizeable army) to arbitrate the Scots succession after the death of [[Margaret]], the Maid of Norway at the tender age of 6, uncrowned, but [[queen]].<br>
Edward awarded the [[crown]] to [[John Balliol]], whom the Bruces considered to have a similar, but inferior, claim to their own. What Balliol did have, and the Bruces lacked, was a willingness to swear fealty to Edward and thereby reduce Scotland to the status of an English subordinate, much like a [[palatine]] county, granted its own government but obliged to pay taxes and supply armies and men whenever and however required.<br>
Shortly thereafter Robert's grandfather surrendered his claim on the throne to his son, Robert's father [They were all called Robert, by the way], who in turn resigned the Carrick earldom to Robert. In 1295 Robert married. Isobel (or Isabella) was daughter to the Earl of Mar, but in the following year she died in childbed, their daughter Marjorie growing up to marry the High Steward of Scotland, and have a son of his, '''Robert''', who would become [[Robert II]].

In 1296, on the death of [[John Balliol|Balliol]] the Bruces, father and son, were obliged to swear fealty to [[Edward I|Edward]] but when, in the following year, the Scots rose in revolt against the Guardian (governor) Edward had sent north, Robert refused orders to support the Governor, but instead led troops to harry and lay waste the Scots supporters of Edward. Compelled to make terms, Bruce was pardoned in return for his allegiance and his infant daughter as a hostage. <br>
After the resignation, as Guardian, of William Wallace, Bruce became joint guardian with '''John Comyn''' (who also had his own claim to the throne). They failed to rise above their personal differences, even when the [[Bishop]] of St.Andrews was appointed as third co-Guardian in 1299. In 1300 Bruce resigned and was replaced; in 1301 all 3 joint Guardians resigned, and an Englishman was appointed, who immediately tried to negotiate the return of [[John Balliol|Balliol]]. It may have been the threat of the reutnr of Balliol that led Bruce and others, in 1302, to submit to Edward, thereby preserving what they had against the time of Edward's death.<br>
In 1302 Bruce also remarried, to Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of the Earl of Ulster. By her he was to have 4 children, including his successor as king, [[David II|David]].

- - -

1306 -- Bruce crowned King; [[Edward I]] ivades, Bruce forced to flee to western isles.

1307 -- [[Edward I]] dies; Bruce returns to mainland and begins series of victories ending in [[Bannockburn]] in 1314.

1315 -- Bruce invades Ireland, to open second front against [[England|English]]; his brother Edward is crowned [[High King]].

1328 -- [[Edward II]] of [[England]] formally recognises Scotland as independent,and Robert as its [[king]].
1329 -- Death of Bruce, at Cardross. Succeeded by son, David -- [[David II]].