Northumbria - Revision history

Cian at 01:33, 29 April 2009

2009-04-29T01:33:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:33, 29 April 2009
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⚫	~~[Adapted~~ from ~~material~~ at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria]

	'''Northumbria''' was one of the seven [[Anglo-Saxon]] [[kingdom]]s of pre-[[Norman Conquest\|Conquest]] [[England]].		'''Northumbria''' was one of the seven [[Anglo-Saxon]] [[kingdom]]s of pre-[[Norman Conquest\|Conquest]] [[England]].

	It was composed of the independent kingdoms of ''Bernicia'' and of ''Deira''. Its first unified king was ~~'''~~Athelfrith~~'''~~ of Bernicia, who conquered Deira around ~~604CE~~. He was killed in battle around 616 by Raedwald of [[East Anglia]], who installed ~~'''~~Edwin~~'''~~, son of a former Deiran king, as Northumbrian king. Edwin accepted [[Christianity]] in 627CE, and conquered the Isle of Man and the North [[Wales\|Welsh]] kingdom of Gwynedd before being defeated by an alliance of Gwynedd's exiled king, Cadwallon, and Penda, king of [[Mercia]].		It was composed of the independent kingdoms of ''Bernicia'' and of ''Deira''. Its first unified [[king]] was Athelfrith of Bernicia, who conquered Deira around 604[[CE]]. He was killed in battle around 616 by Raedwald of [[East Anglia]], who installed Edwin, son of a former Deiran king, as Northumbrian king. Edwin accepted [[Christianity]] in 627CE, and conquered the [[Isle of Man]] and the North [[Wales\|Welsh]] kingdom of Gwynedd before being defeated by an alliance of Gwynedd's exiled king, Cadwallon, and Penda, king of [[Mercia]].

	At its greatest extent Northumbria reached from the River Humber (which gave it part of its name) to the River Forth in what would later be [[Scotland]]. This meant that its borders fluctuated, depending on the relative strengths of the armies of Northumbria and the various English and Scottish kingdoms.		At its greatest extent Northumbria reached from the River Humber (which gave it part of its name) to the River Forth in what would later be [[Scotland]]. This meant that its borders fluctuated, depending on the relative strengths of the armies of Northumbria and the various English and Scottish kingdoms.
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	As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.		As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.

	After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror\|William]] obtained the ~~alleigiance~~ both of the earl and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman noble, Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into ~~the North of~~ England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands.		After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror\|William]] obtained the alliegiance both of the [[earl]] and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman [[noble]], Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into northern England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands.

	Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine\|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) becoming [[Northumberland]], with an earl appointed through the English crown, and the Bishop of Durham having his own ~~fiefdoms~~ (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area.		Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine\|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) becoming [[Northumberland]], with an earl appointed through the English [[crown]], and the Bishop of Durham having his own [[fiefdom]]s (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area).

	{{Heptarchy}}		{{Heptarchy}}

		⚫	''This article was originally adapted from [[Wikipedia]] at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria''

	[[category:Kingdoms (medieval)]]		[[category:Kingdoms (medieval)]]

Conrad Leviston: minor tidying

2006-02-13T12:09:43Z

minor tidying

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:09, 13 February 2006
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	At its greatest extent Northumbria reached from the River Humber (which gave it part of its name) to the River Forth in what would later be [[Scotland]]. This meant that its borders fluctuated, depending on the relative strengths of the armies of Northumbria and the various English and Scottish kingdoms.		At its greatest extent Northumbria reached from the River Humber (which gave it part of its name) to the River Forth in what would later be [[Scotland]]. This meant that its borders fluctuated, depending on the relative strengths of the armies of Northumbria and the various English and Scottish kingdoms.

	As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.~~<br>~~		As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.

⚫	After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror\|William]] obtained the alleigiance both of the earl and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman noble, Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into the North of England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands. <br>Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine\|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) ~~bcecoming~~ ~~'''''~~Northumberland~~'''''~~, with an earl appointed through the English crown, and the Bishop of Durham having his own fiefdoms (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area.
			After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror\|William]] obtained the alleigiance both of the earl and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman noble, Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into the North of England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands.

		⚫	Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine\|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) becoming [[Northumberland]], with an earl appointed through the English crown, and the Bishop of Durham having his own fiefdoms (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area.

	{{Heptarchy}}		{{Heptarchy}}

Conrad Leviston: category:Kingdoms (medieval)

2005-09-07T10:11:51Z

category:Kingdoms (medieval)

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:11, 7 September 2005
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	{{Heptarchy}}		{{Heptarchy}}
			[[category:Kingdoms (medieval)]]

Conrad Leviston: heptarchy

2005-07-19T22:23:49Z

heptarchy

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:23, 20 July 2005
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	As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.<br>		As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.<br>
	After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror\|William]] obtained the alleigiance both of the earl and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman noble, Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into the North of England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands. <br>Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine\|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) bcecoming '''''Northumberland''''', with an earl appointed through the English crown, and the Bishop of Durham having his own fiefdoms (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area.		After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror\|William]] obtained the alleigiance both of the earl and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman noble, Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into the North of England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands. <br>Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine\|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) bcecoming '''''Northumberland''''', with an earl appointed through the English crown, and the Bishop of Durham having his own fiefdoms (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area.

			{{Heptarchy}}

Simoncursitor at 09:34, 19 July 2005

2005-07-19T09:34:26Z

New page

[Adapted from material at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northumbria]

'''Northumbria''' was one of the seven [[Anglo-Saxon]] [[kingdom]]s of pre-[[Norman Conquest|Conquest]] [[England]].

It was composed of the independent kingdoms of ''Bernicia'' and of ''Deira''. Its first unified king was '''Athelfrith''' of Bernicia, who conquered Deira around 604CE. He was killed in battle around 616 by Raedwald of [[East Anglia]], who installed '''Edwin''', son of a former Deiran king, as Northumbrian king. Edwin accepted [[Christianity]] in 627CE, and conquered the Isle of Man and the North [[Wales|Welsh]] kingdom of Gwynedd before being defeated by an alliance of Gwynedd's exiled king, Cadwallon, and Penda, king of [[Mercia]].

At its greatest extent Northumbria reached from the River Humber (which gave it part of its name) to the River Forth in what would later be [[Scotland]]. This meant that its borders fluctuated, depending on the relative strengths of the armies of Northumbria and the various English and Scottish kingdoms.

As the kingdom declined, with the strengthening of Scotland closing its northern extent and the English kingdoms unifying to the south, it became an earldom, which then itself became an object of dispute between the English and Scottish kings over whom should control it.<br>
After the [[Norman Conquest]] [[William the Conqueror|William]] obtained the alleigiance both of the earl and of the [[Bishop]] of Durham. However a revolt ensued and a Norman noble, Robert Comine, who was to have been the next Earl, was massacred. In revenge, William drove into the North of England with troops, and devastated the rebels' lands. <br>Under his son, [[William Rufus]], Northumbria was divided, the southern section becoming the [[county]] [[county palatine|palatine]] of Durham, under the Bishop, the northern (beyond the Tyne) bcecoming '''''Northumberland''''', with an earl appointed through the English crown, and the Bishop of Durham having his own fiefdoms (such as Hexhamshire, which for a time was also a palatinate area.