https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Samjohnss&feedformat=atomCunnan - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T19:21:16ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Rules_of_the_list&diff=41596Rules of the list2011-09-12T21:53:42Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Rules of the List''' are [[rule]]s which people who wish to engage in [[combat]] at [[SCA]] [[event]]s must know and abide by. Knowledge of these rules is tested when a [[fighter]] undergoes the [[authorisation]] process to prove they are able to fight [[safety|safely]] in the SCA.<br />
<br />
== Rules of the List ==<br />
<br />
# Each [[combatant]], recognising the possibilities of physical injury to him/herself in such [[combat]], shall assume all risk unto him/herself all risk and liability for harm suffered by means of such combat. No combatant shall engage in such combat until he/she has inspected the [[field]] of combat and satisfied him/herself that it is suitable for combat. Other participants shall likewise recognise the risks involved in their presence on or near the field of combat, and shall assume unto themselves the liability thereof.<br />
# No person shall engage in combat-related activities (including [[armoured combat]], period [[fencing]], [[combat archery]], [[scout|scouting]] and [[banner bearing]] in combat) outside of formal [[fighter training|training]] sessions unless he/she shall have been properly [[authorised]] under [[Society]] and [[Kingdom]] procedure.<br />
# All combatants must be presented to, and accepted to, the [[Sovereign]] or his or her representative.<br />
# All combatants shall adhere to the appropriate [[armour and weapons standards]] of the Society, and to any additional standards of the Kingdom in which the event takes place. The [[Sovereign]] may waive the additional Kingdom standards.<br />
# The [[Sovereign]] or [[marshallate]] may bar any [[weapon]] or [[armour]] from use upon the field of combat. Should a rostered marshal bar any weapon or armour, an appeal may be made to the [[Sovereign]] to allow the weapon or armour.<br />
# Combatants shall behave in a [[knight]]ly or [[chivalrous manner]] and shall fight according to the appropriate Society and Kingdom [[conventions of combat]].<br />
# No one may be required to participate in combat-related activities. Any combatant may, without dishonour or penalty, reject any challenge without specifying a reason. A fight in a [[tournament]] lists is not considered to be a challenge, and therefore may not be declined or rejected without forfeiting the bout.<br />
# Fighting with real weapons, whether fast or slow, is forbidden at any [[Society]] event. This rule does not consider weaponry which meets the Society and Kingdom standards for traditional Society combat and/or Society period [[rapier]] combat, used in the context of mutual sport, to be real weaponry.<br />
# No projectile weaponry shall be allowed and no weapon shall be thrown within the lists of a tournament. The use of approved [[projectile weapons]] for [[melee]], [[war]], or [[combat archery]] shall conform to the appropriate Society and Kingdom [[conventions of combat]].<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
[[category:combat]][[category:SCAism]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Rowany_Festival&diff=41595Rowany Festival2011-09-12T21:53:31Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[Image:Festivalwallabies.JPG|400px|right]]<br />
<br />
The '''Rowany Festival''' (sometimes called just "Festival") is [[Australia]]'s largest [[SCA]] [[event]]. In [[2008]] it changed location to the Glenworth Valley [[Horse]] [[Riding]] centre, just north of [[Sydney]]. Anything that people do in the SCA (well, most things) will be on display in some form or other at Rowany Festival.<br />
<br />
Festival happens every [[Easter]] long weekend - don't miss it for the world.<br />
<br />
For more info, check out the website - http://www.sca.org.au/rowany/festival/<br />
<br />
==Religious observance==<br />
If [[religious]] reasons are inclined to slow down your attendance at an event over Easter, don't forget that a group of [[Christian]]s generally get together in a discreet place to hold a scheduled Easter Sunday mass. And if Pesach falls at the same time of year, I'm sure there will be people [[cooking]] in accordance with [[custom]]s - it's actually easier to avoid leavening agents in [[period]] cooking.<br />
<br />
(Just so people are aware -- very occasionally, when Pesach does fall during Easter, a seder is held at the festival site. Contact [[User:Del|Del]] if you want to be included in this).<br />
<br />
See also:<br />
* [[religion|religion in the SCA]]<br />
<br />
==[[Camping]] at Rowany Festival==<br />
Hrmm... so you're coming along and don't know what to take? Perhaps you need a [[camping list]]?<br />
<br />
==The history of Rowany Festival==<br />
Rowany Festival officially came into being in [[1983]] ([[A.S. XVII]]), when it ran for four days, and cost $40 AUD. The [[2004]] Rowany Festival ran for six days, and cost a little more. <br />
<br />
Rowany Festival has had four different locations - Fairholme Park in Wilton, <br />
[[Tara]] Girl Guide camp in Silverdale, and the [[Crossroads]] medieval village site near Yass. In 2008 it moved to the [http://www.glenworth.com.au/ Glenworth Valley Horse Riding centre] near Peats Ridge, [[New South Wales]].<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:events]][[category:Events (Lochac)]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Renaissance_dance&diff=41594Renaissance dance2011-09-12T21:53:19Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
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<div>We usually use the words '''Renaissance Dance''' to describe dance done in the SCA,<br />
rather than [[Medieval Dance]]. This is because we don't know very much about<br />
[[Medieval Dance]] at all. Although dance as an art form was well known in the [[middle ages]], the first recorded dance instructions and [[choreography]] date from the middle of the [[15th century]].<br />
<br />
There are many pictures depicting dancing in earlier times, but without any [[choreography]] or more than a vague idea of how these dances went, it is impossible to recreate them.<br />
<br />
The earliest Renaissance Dances were those done in [[Burgundy]] and [[Italy]] in<br />
the mid [[15th century]] to the early [[16th century]]. These included [[basse danses]] (bassa danze) and [[balli]].<br />
<br />
Sources for [[15th Century Italian Dance]] include the works of [[Domenico da Piacenza]] and his students [[Antonio Cornazano]] and [[Guglielmo Ebreo]] (Guglielmo the [[Jew]]).<br />
<br />
Later renaissance dance became both more complex eg: [[16th Century Italian Dance]] and more simple, eg: [[16th Century French Dance]].<br />
<br />
Dance masters of the late [[16th century]] include the Italians [[Fabritio Caroso]] and [[Cesare Negri]] as well as the Frenchmen [[Thoinot Arbeau]] and [[Antoine Arena]].<br />
<br />
==Dance Styles==<br />
<br />
*[[Basse Dance]]<br />
*[[Bassa Danza]]<br />
*[[Ballo]]<br />
*[[Pavanne]] <br />
*[[Galliard]]/[[Tourdion]] <br />
*[[Measure]]<br />
*[[Allemande]]<br />
*[[Branle]]<br />
*[[Country Dance]]<br />
<br />
==Dance Sources==<br />
<br />
*[http://www.sca.org.au/del/ddb/sections/gresley.html Gresley Manuscript]<br />
*[http://www.sca.org.au/del/ddb/sections/il_papa.html Il Papa]<br />
*[[Inns of Court Dances]]<br />
*[[Orchesography]]<br />
*[[Playford's Dancing Master]]<br />
*[[16th Century Italian Dance]]<br />
**[[Il Ballarino]]<br />
**[[Nobilt&agrave; di Dame]]<br />
**[[Le Gratie d'Amore]]<br />
<br />
==Dance Music==<br />
<br />
*[[Dance midi files]]<br />
*[[modern music for medieval dance| modern music (and some stuff that you might not know is medieval) that you can do medieval dances to]]<br />
<br />
==Dance practices==<br />
<br />
* [[Melbourne]] / [[Shire of Krae Glas]]: Friday evenings, seasonal. Contact [[College of St Monica]] for details.<br />
* [[Sydney]] / [[Barony of Rowany]]: Alternate Fridays, 7pm, Glebe Primary School (address in [[Folia Roani]]).<br />
* [[Newcastle]] / [[Barony of Mordenvale]]: Alternate Mondays, 6:30pm. University of Newcastle. Contact: ???<br />
* Pittsburgh, PA, USA / [[Barony of the Debatable Lands|Barony-Marche of the Debatable Lands]]: Every Thursday, 8pm. Carnegie-Mellon University. Details [http://dance.eclecsia.org/ here].<br />
* Cambridge, MA, USA / [[Barony of Carolingia]]: Every Wednesday, 7:30pm, MIT. [http://www.carolingia.eastkingdom.org/perf_arts_activities.html Information about practice]<br />
* Cleveland, OH, USA / [[Barony of the Cleftlands]]: Every Wednesday at our regular meeting and especially on the last Wednesday of the month. <br />
* Akron, OH, USA / Marche of Gwyntarian: The last thursday of the month<br />
<br />
==Some good links==<br />
* [http://www.sca.org.au/del/ddb/ Del's Dance Book]<br />
* [[Guild of the Silver Rondel]]'s site - http://www.sca.org.au/rondel/<br />
* [http://www.rendance.org/ The Rendance web site]<br />
* [http://moas.atlantia.sca.org/wsnlinks/index.php?action=displaycat&catid=55 Atlantian A&S Links: Dance]<br />
<br />
[[Category:dance]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Queen&diff=41593Queen2011-09-12T21:53:10Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
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<div>The '''Queen''' is the female half of the current rulers of a [[Kingdom]]. The Queen and [[King]] acting together are referred to as the [[Crown]]. She is addressed as Your Majesty, and referred to as Her (Royal) Majesty.<br />
<br />
== The Queen in the SCA ==<br />
In the [[SCA]] the Queen may gain her [[rank|position]] through [[right of arms]] (Queen Regnant or Queen Sovereign), or by being [[consort]] to the [[King]] (Queen Consort). When a Queen steps down, she becomes a [[Countess]] (or some variant appropriate to her [[persona]]) if she has reigned once and in some kingdoms becomes a [[Order of the Rose|Lady of the Rose]]. If she has reigned twice or more, she becomes a [[Duchess]] (or variant).<br />
<br />
In some kingdoms it is customary for the queen to use as [[arms]] the arms of the kingdom, whereas in others the queen has arms specific to her. The Queen of [[Lochac]], whether she is Queen Regnant or Queen Consort, uses the undifferenced [[Arms of the Kingdom of Lochac]]. However in [[Kingdom of the West|the West]] the Queen consort's arms differ from the kingdom's arms by containing a [[wreath of roses]] rather than a [[laurel wreath]].<br />
<br />
===Alternate Titles===<br />
<br />
The SCA recognises the following [[alternate titles]] in other [[language]]s as the equivalent to Queen:<br />
<br />
<table border cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0><br />
<tr><br />
<th>Language</th><br />
<th>Alternate Form</th><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Albanian]]</td><br />
<td>Mbret�resh�</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Arabic]]</td><br />
<td>Malika / Sultana</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Catalan]]</td><br />
<td>Reina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Czech]]</td><br />
<td>Kralovna</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Danish]]</td><br />
<td>Hertug</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Dutch]]</td><br />
<td>Koningin</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Estonian]]</td><br />
<td>Kuninganna</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Finnish]]</td><br />
<td>Kuningatar</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[French]]</td><br />
<td>Reine</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[German]]</td><br />
<td>Königin</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Greek]]</td><br />
<td>Basilissa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hebrew]]</td><br />
<td>Malchah</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hungarian]]</td><br />
<td>Kiralyn�</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Icelandic]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Irish Gaelic]]</td><br />
<td>Banríon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Italian]]</td><br />
<td>Regina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Latin]]</td><br />
<td>Regina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Middle Norwegian]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Old English]]</td><br />
<td>Cwēn</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Old Norse]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Polish]]</td><br />
<td>Kr�lowa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Portuguese]]</td><br />
<td>Raihna</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Romanian]]</td><br />
<td>Regină</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Russian]]</td><br />
<td>Tsaritsa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Scots Gaelic]]</td><br />
<td>Bainrìgh/Ban-rìghinn</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Spanish]]</td><br />
<td>Reina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Swedish]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Turkish]]</td><br />
<td>Kralice</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Welsh]]</td><br />
<td>Brenhines / Teyrn</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
[[category:title]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Religion&diff=41592Religion2011-09-12T21:52:59Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Religion in Western Europe 600 - 1600 ==<br />
<br />
In the last years of the Roman Empire Western Europe was a patchwork of belief systems, most notable among them the [[pagan]] cult of Wotan, the remnants of the Celtic druids and [[Christian]]ity. Having won the conversion of Emperor Constatine some years earlier [[Europe]]an [[Christian]]ity was centred in [[Rome]], and later gained a foothold in [[Ireland]]. Its spread was gradual and by the [[10th century]] [[Christian]]ity dominated [[Europe]].<br />
<br />
The spread of [[Islam]] through the traditional [[Christian]] heartland of Egypt meant the the word ''Christendom'' soon became synonymous with [[Europe]], the temporary [[Muslim]] conquest of [[Iberia]] notwithstanding.<br />
<br />
== Religion in the SCA ==<br />
<div style="float:right; width:25%; border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff;padding:5px; margin: 5px;"><small>According to [http://history.westkingdom.org/AHP/AnnotatedHistoryOfTheWest.pdf The Annotated History of The West], Governing & Policy Decision No. 6 (as it was then called) was instituted in [[AS]] VI due to problems with evangelism and "wizards" threatening people.</small></div><br />
<br />
Sometime during its history, the [[SCA]] decided to ban all overt use of religion from official events. This law was enacted because incidents showed some kind of ruling was required (see sidenote). While it does dispose of a very important part of medieval times, it also takes away many of the bad aspects. (e.g. it's not fun to be on the wrong side of a [[Crusade]]r, a [[Catholic]] in [[Reformation]] [[England]], etc). <br />
<br />
In general, a guideline is to not inflict religion on anyone else while attending an [[SCA]] event, and everyone will get along fine. Personal/Household expressions of religion are acceptable, but religious activities may not be an official part of any SCA event. Many people adopt [[persona]]s that are deeply religious, because their medieval counterpart would have been deeply religious. The problem is only with inflicting your religious beliefs (even if they're only "pretend" ones) on other people who might find that offensive. (And some people might be offended if you pretend to hold religious beliefs or positions you don't actually hold. While many in the SCA enjoy playing a [[Monk]] or [[Nun]] persona one must not display bigotry by portraying it with satire.) Feel free to carry or wear a rosary/[[paternoster]] or other [[religious]] artifact or costume;, just ''don't force them (or appear to force them) to be a part of your religious observance.'' If you are part part of a religious household/order/other you may hold religious ceremonies in your private tent or groups camp (if all attending agree) but use common sense, no dancing naked around a bonfire for all to see. Discretion and politeness is the key. <br />
<br />
One of the most obvious repercussions of this ruling is the ban on certain potentially offensive symbols (e.g. the Swastika, Hand of Glory, etc) in [[SCA]] [[device]]s.<br />
<br />
Curiously, many groups turn a blind eye to the practice of venerating [[relic]]s or swearing oaths by certain [[saint]], so long as those relics and oaths are based on fictional [[SCA]] saints like [[Saint Cunard the Tenacious]]. Many households and individuals can and do use real saints though but only as individuals and most often the relic is a mock up to look like a real one (Clay fingers, Plastic skulls, etc) for obvious reasons.<br />
<br />
== Related links ==<br />
<br />
* [[Religion in the Renaissance]]<br />
* [[Pagan]]ism<br />
* [[Old Norse Religion]]<br />
* [[Christian]]ity<br />
* [[Islam]]<br />
* [[Judaism]]<br />
* [[Buddhism]] <br />
* [[Hinduism]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
[[Category:Religion]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Longbow&diff=41591Longbow2011-09-12T21:52:35Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:longbow.jpg|right|120px|thumb|Replica medieval ash longbow.]]<br />
The '''longbow''' is a self (one piece of [[wood]] not artificially laminated) [[bow]] of varying length, used frequently in the [[middle ages]] and became synonomous with [[england|English]] warfare. Whilst the longbow was not unique to the [[england|English]], it was used in great numbers by that nation and their [[archers|longbow]] were greatly feared and reviled. Historically it was referred to simply as a 'bow'.<br />
<br />
The bow was preferrably made of [[yew]] (Spanish [[yew]] was prized) although it could also be made of [[ash]], [[witchhazel]] or [[witchelm]]. These [[bow]]s typically have a stacked D section to the centre part of the [[bow]] and could have a heartwood belly and sapwood back to enhance their performance. The upper and lower tips of the bow limbs were tipped with [[horn]] and did not appear to have a bound [[grip]] or [[arrow]] shelf. <br />
<br />
Longbows themselves vary in length and examples from the [[16th century]] [[Mary Rose]] ship find are between 1.82 to 2.12m long. Earlier longbows from Nydam are 1.73m, Ballinderry 1.85m and [[Hedeby]] 1.92m long. D section longbows of [[yew]] are known in [[England]] from approx 2665 BC and there are examples from [[Scotland]] dated to between 4040 and 3640 BC. <br />
<br />
The draw weights of the Mary Rose bows have been calculated at mostly between 150-160 lbs with the upper limit being around 190 lb. Some modern longbow [[archery|archers]] can draw and accurately shoot longbows of over 150 lb draw weights, but they are in the minority. The current world record for a drawn and shot longbow is 200lb. To compare, modern [[SCA]] combat bows are 30lb at a 28" draw and target archers rarely use above a 60 lb bow.<br />
<br />
==Reference==<br />
''The Great Warbow'', Strickland and Hardy ''2005''<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
*[[longbowman]]<br />
*[[crossbow]]<br />
<br />
[[category:weapons]]<br />
[[category:archery]]<br />
[[category:artefact (medieval)]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Live_roleplaying&diff=41590Live roleplaying2011-09-12T21:52:21Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Live roleplaying''' is really just another way of describing an impromptu and scriptless form of [[theatre|acting]]. Each player has a character or role and they must play out how this person would repond in certain environments and conversations. A defining feature of roleplaying is the existence of a scenario of some kind which the players or participants must address. There are various areas that require live [[roleplaying]]:<br />
* ''Live Roleplaying'' - generally referred to as "LARP", "LRP" or "freeform roleplaying" ([[Australia]]). Various gaming systems have rules that require the players to move about in order to achieve objectives and gather information. Combat is simulated through non-physical means. More information about these sorts of games can be found at the [http://larpaweb.net/news.php LARPA Homepage].<br />
** ''Workplace training'' - A variation of live roleplaying used in a business situation. Employees are given fictional positions and roles and presented with various scenarios to see how they would respond. <br />
* ''Live Action Roleplaying'' - also (confusingly) referred to as "LARP" or "LRP". These involve combat using latex or boffer style weapons. They generally also involve simulated spells. In [[England]] the number of LARPer's outnumbers the [[SCA]], but in [[Australia]] the reverse is true. There is some cross-over of membership between these groups at times.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Recreationist]]s and [[Reenactor]]s tend not to refer to their activities as roleplaying, preferring re-creation or re-enactment. The main distinction is that there is no moderator or game master in these types of groups and no overall scenario or plot. <br />
<br />
[[category:recreationists]]<br />
[[category:starting out]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Life_in_the_Renaissance&diff=41589Life in the Renaissance2011-09-12T21:52:09Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>Although the [[Renaissance]] was a time of significant change in comparison to the [[Middle Ages]], there were times of both peace and prosperity, and war, disease and famine. For the average man in the street (or [[village]]) daily life had changed little since the [[Middle Ages]]. Diet was similar, life was short (an average life expectancy of 30 - 35 years in most parts of [[Europe]], with perhaps a 50% child mortality rate within the first year of life), and war and disease were commonplace.<br />
<br />
In comparison to the [[14th century]], however, the [[15th century]] and the [[16th century]] were both times of population growth, economic growth, and relative prosperity, especially for the town people and those of privilege.<br />
<br />
Those who lived in areas where economic growth was strongest, including [[Italy]] and [[the Netherlands]] could certainly expect to be better dressed and perhaps better educated in this period than, say, 100 years earlier, even if they were not significantly better fed.<br />
<br />
There was great religious unrest during this period, in most cases caused by the questioning of [[Church dogma]]. This became widespread, not only amongst intellectuals but amongst those furthest from the influence of [[Rome]] as well. This unrest lead to the [[Reformation]] and the resulting [[Wars of religion]].<br />
<br />
Political unrest was rife as well. After a significant flowering of the arts in [[Italy]] during the mid to late [[15th century]], it all changed when [[Charles VIII of France]] kicked the door down and began the [[Italian wars]]. The resulting conflicts, with all of the stresses of wars, lasted until [[1525]] or so.<br />
<br />
The contrasts of the [[Renaissance]] are thus illustrated -- while life in [[Florence, Italy]] during the mid to late [[15th century]] could be luxurious, comfortable, and full of learning; life in northern [[Italy]] during the [[Italian wars]] could be nasty, brutish, and short.<br />
<br />
One of the significant effects of the [[Renaissance]] was to spread learning and education, largely by the effects of [[Humanism]] which extracted learning from being the province of the [[Church]] (see [[Scholasticism]]) and spreading it more widely. This lead to both educational and political reform in many areas.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
* [[Renaissance Europe 1480 - 1520 by J R Hale]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Helm&diff=41588Helm2011-09-12T21:51:59Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>[[image:saxonhelmet01.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Replica Saxon Helmet.]]The '''helm''' or '''helmet''' is the [[armour]] that covers the head. <br />
There are many different designs of helm through the years. Some general descriptions are:<br />
* [[Roman]] - Covers the top and back of the head with metal flaps covering the ears and part of the cheeks. <br />
* [[Saxon]] - Covers the top, the back and sides of the head, sometimes extending to cover the cheeks. There may be some nasal protection. The higher the rank, the more ornate the decoration.<br />
* [[Norman]] - Covers the top of the head and the nose.<br />
* [[Crusade]]/Early [[Renaissance]] - Enclose the entire head with airholes and slit for eyesight<br />
* Late [[Renaissance]] - Enclose the entire head with airholes and even smaller slit for eyesight. Shaped more to match the shape of the head.<br />
<br />
General [[soldier]]s used simpler designs than those described above for the higher ranked warriors. <br />
<br />
The helm may be attached to [[maille|mail]] or a [[gorget]] to protect the neck. A [[coif]] is often worn under the helm.<br />
<br />
==Specific Examples of Helmets==<br />
*[[spectacle helm]]<br />
*[[spangen helm]]<br />
*[[great helm]]<br />
*[[kettle helm]]<br />
*[[bascinet]]<br />
*[[sallet]]<br />
*[[armet]]<br />
<br />
==Helms in heraldry==<br />
[[Heraldic helm]]s appear, by heraldic convention, above a [[device]]'s [[shield]] as a signifier of the owner's [[rank]]. Helms can also appear as [[charge]]s within devices.<br />
<br />
==SCA Combat Helms==<br />
<br />
In the [[SCA]], a helm needs to be constructed of at least 16 gauge steel* to be legal for use in [[heavy fighter|heavy]] or [[light fighter|light combat]]. Protection needs to be extended down the back and sides of the neck (therefore strictly period [[Norman]] helms need certain modifications) and the face must be completely covered, if only with a hockey-helmet style grille or [[bar grill]]. This protection must extend down to meet the throat and spinal protection of the [[gorget]].<br />
<br />
For further details, consult your [[kingdom]]'s [[combat handbook]]. Bars or grilles are to be placed across any openings large enough to admit a 1-inch diameter [[rattan]] weapon.<br />
<br />
Normal helms are not standard in SCA [[fencing]] but head and face protection is still required. Helms can be used provided they meet all the minimum requirements according to the SCA fencing rules.<br />
<br />
*While the Marshal's Handbook states 16 ga, but they specifically state that they mean the original definition of 16 ga. - 0.0625". In modern, commercial ferrous, rolled sheet (iron, steel), 16 ga. is only 0.0595", while non-ferrous sheet still uses the original definition.<br />
<br />
==Reenactment Combat Helms==<br />
Reenactment helms are styled after historical examples and do not include the bars found on [[SCA]] helmets. <br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
* [http://moas.atlantia.sca.org/wsnlinks/index.php?action=displaycat&catid=164 Atlantian A&S Links: Helmets]<br />
<br />
[[category:armour]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
[[category:helmets]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=College_of_Arms&diff=41587College of Arms2011-09-12T21:51:46Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
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<div>The '''College of Arms''' is the [[England|English]] body within the Royal [[household]] that administers and records the registration of [[heraldic]] [[devices]]. The College was established by [[Richard III]] in 1483. The head of the English College is the [[Earl Marshal]]. At present, the Garter King of Arms is the title used by the chief [[Herald]] of the college, assisted by the other two [[Kings of Arms]], Norroy and Clarenceux, together with 6 [[herald]]s and 4 [[pursuivant]]s.<br />
<br />
[[Scotland]] has its own heraldic body with [[Lyon King of Arms]] as the chief Herald. The [[France|French]] college was established in 1407 but after the revolution it was disbanded.<br />
<br />
''External link'': [http://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk www.college-of-arms.gov.uk]<br />
<br />
==The SCA College of Arms==<br />
Within the [[SCA]], the society-wide College of Arms governs the registration and approval of heraldic [[device]]s and [[badge]]s and [[persona]] names within the SCA. Its powers do not extent outside of the [[game]] and are not governed by any [[kingdom]] [[laws]]. However, it can have kingdom specific branches of the office of herald.<br />
<br />
The college is also responsible for the training and registration of SCA [[herald]]s, the maintenance of the [[Order of Precedence]] list and the design of ceremonies. The head of the college is the Laurel King or Queen of Arms, which has no direct relationship to the [[Order of the Laurel]].<br />
<br />
''External link'': [http://www.sca.org/heraldry www.sca.org/heraldry]<br />
<br />
[[Category:heraldry]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Braiding_technique&diff=41586Braiding technique2011-09-12T21:51:34Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Braiding''' is the craft of making [[braid]] from [[spinning|spun]] [[thread]]. Braids can be decorative, practical or both, and the technique used can determine which category the resulting braid falls into.<br />
<br />
There are a number of braiding techniques, all producing different forms of braid. See the [[braid]] page for a discussion of braid types and uses, below is a list of techniques and links to pages on them.<br />
* [[fingerloop braids]] - produces either flat decorative braids, or flat-one-one-side braids good for [[couching]]. Quite quick to make, but hard to make longer than a metre or so in length and increasingly harder to add more threads (as you only have ten fingers). Decorations are diverse, but limited by the highly interlooped way the threads move in the band<br />
* [[tablet weaving|tablet woven braids]] - produces flat braids of any length (within reason) and with a very high degree of control over the decoration (especially with the advanced double-face and 3/1 twill techniques). The braids are also very strong and durable.<br />
* [[kumihimo]] - produces circular cross-section braids of astonishing complexity and beauty - traditionally made in silk, weaving tends to take a bit more time, but the results are worth it<br />
* [[lucet]] - produces square or couching braids - braiding is quite easy to do, though it can be time-consuming and the threads used must be hard-wearing due to abrasion - but this is a braiding technique that can be taken on the train/bus with you. <br />
* [[sprang]] - probably the oldest braiding technique in the world (bronze-age) which produces a very open mesh-structure. See [http://www.denblauwenswaen.nl www.denblauwenswaen.nl] for more info, check under the caption 'techniques'.<br />
*[[fingerweaving]] - produces cords or flatish braids that may have semi-complex patterns, multiple colours and may be longer than fingerloop braids. Not as strong as other techniques, no equipment required, medium speed and complexity.<br />
*[[plaiting]] - like you might do with long hair, a simple 3 strand plait is period, as are plaits using higher numbers of strands. However probably used less in period as it is neither as strong nor decorative as other techniques.<br />
*[[bobbin tossing]] aka interlocking, whipcording - quick fun way to make cords from 4 strands, can be played as a game for children, or as a training exercise for fighters.<br />
*[[knotting techniques]]-<br />
<br />
Instructions on some basic braids and more complicated plaits can be found through Phiala's string pages:<br />
http://www.stringpage.com/<br />
<br />
A good start being her basic braiding pages (please note she's moving her site so these links may become inactive): <br />
http://www.stringpage.com/old/braids.html<br />
http://www.stringpage.com/old/coolbraid.html<br />
http://www.stringpage.com/old/fingerloop.html<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:Braiding]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Archery&diff=41585Archery2011-09-12T21:51:22Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
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<div>'''Archery''' is the use of the [[bow]] and [[arrow]]s in [[battle]], [[hunting]], etc. The art, practice, or skill of shooting with a [[bow]] and [[arrow]]s.<br />
<br />
==Target Archery==<br />
Target archery involves releasing arrows at a target of some description. <br />
<br />
Forms of historical target archery include shooting at the:<br />
*''butt'' - an earthen mound<br />
*''wand'' - 6 foot stick<br />
*''poppinjay'' - a wooden frame raised onto a pole and sporting targets shaped to look like [[bird]]s.<br />
*''roving marks'' - targets at varying distances in varied terrain.<br />
*''Beursault'' - shooting at a target 57m away down a tree-lined corridor.<br />
<br />
Modern target archery shoot at targets at set distances with a standard faced target which was developed in the [[18th century]].<br />
<br />
Some modern archers have returned to the older styles of target archery and now regular roving mark, clout and poppinjay events occur throughout the year, particularly in the [[UK]]. In addition other types of archery have become popular with archers. <br />
<br />
They include:<br />
*''field archery'' -this is similar to a roving mark but the targets are frequently three dimensional animal shaped targets eg. [[goat]]s, [[deer]], [[pig]]s etc.<br />
*''bow bird (birds)'' - circular targets thrown up in the air and shot.<br />
*''moving targets'' - a target suspended by a wire or pulled by a rope.<br />
<br />
There is at least one [[metal weapons group|re-enactment society]] in [[Australia]] that regularly uses field archery as part of the their archery training as well as numerous that use bow birds, moving targets, wands and poppinjays as a general part of training and events.<br />
<br />
Historical enthusiasts have also developed archery for use in [[combat]] with lightweight [[bow]]s and adapted [[arrow]]s loosed at human targets. The arrows used in this type of combat either use heads that have large heavily padded heads and shot at targets that are protected by [[armour]] and faces covered by period styles or grills, or [[blunt arrow|rubber blunts]] with faces protected by [[mesh]].<br />
<br />
The former are used by the [[SCA]] primarily outside of [[Australia]] and in [[LARP]]'s where no [[armour]] is required due to the soft construction. The rubber blunts are used in combat archery where individuals are targeted directly and also in the initial stages of many [[reenactment]] [[battle]]s.<br />
<br />
==Timeline of Some Archery Events== <br />
<br />
*1252 Assize of Arms indicates that all men between 15 and 60 are to equip themselves with [[bow]] and [[arrow]]s.<br />
*1363 [[England|English]] Royal Decree indicates that archery is to be practised on every Sunday and on holidays.<br />
*1477 [[Edward IV]] bans an early form of [[cricket]] due to its perception of interferring with archery practise.<br />
*1508 [[Crossbow]]s banned to increase the practise of using the [[longbow]].<br />
*1545 The first [[England|English]] [[book]] on archery 'Toxophilus: The School of Shooting' by [[Roger Ascham|Ascham]], is published.<br />
*1583 First organised archery competition. Over 3000 participants.<br />
*1644 Tipper Muir - Last [[battle]] where English archers are used.<br />
*1676 The Royal Company of Archers begins Clout Shooting.<br />
*1900 First international archery competition. Held between [[England|English]] and [[France|French Archers]].<br />
*1900 First Olympics to have Archery.<br />
<br />
=== See also ===<br />
* [[arrow]]<br />
* [[crossbow]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
* [[combat archery]]<br />
* [[longbow]]<br />
* [[longbowman]]<br />
[[category:archery]]<br />
[[category:starting out]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Apprentice&diff=41584Apprentice2011-09-12T21:51:08Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
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<div>From the [[13th century]] an '''apprentice''' was a young male who was undergoing training in a [[trade]] and had not yet completed his training. As a result he would not as yet have been acccepted into a guild as a [[journeyman]].<br />
<br />
Typically an apprentice would live in the home of his [[master]] for between 2 to 7 years and would have secured the position by his parents paying the master to take him on. He was usually not allowed to marry.<br />
<br />
==Apprentices in the SCA==<br />
One of the 3 - [[S.A.P]]s - [[Squire]], '''Apprentice''', [[Protege]].<br />
<br />
Within the SCA this person has a 'relationship' with a [[Laurel]] - who takes on the training or wellbeing of the Apprentice, and will promote and help them with their activities and [[crafts]]. An apprenticeship does not convey any official rank.<br />
<br />
The nature of this relationship varies from Laurel to Laurel. Some Laurels require their apprentice to swear [[fealty]]. The duration of the apprenticeship is agreed upon beforehand by both parties, and could be ''until the apprentice becomes a Laurel'', for a fixed time period or until the apprentice has advanced sufficiently to become a [[journeyman]]. Most apprentices wear some sort of token to indicate their status, often a green [[belt]] with the Laurel's device on it. (Note that the practice of color-coding your [[dependent]]s varies a lot from place to place.)<br />
<br />
''See Also'': [http://www.sca.org.au/laurels/apprentice.htm Lochac Laurels Guide to Apprentices] [http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
<br />
Apprenticeship can also be a level in a [[Guild]]. Some guilds replace "novice" with "apprentice."<br />
[[category:occupation (medieval)]] [[category:title]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=11th_century&diff=4158311th century2011-09-12T21:50:54Z<p>Samjohnss: /* External Links */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Events ==<br />
* 1000, [[Leif Eiriksson]], son of Eirik Rauda ([[Eric the Red]]) is sent back to [[Greenland]] to convert the Greenlanders to [[Christian]]ity.<br />
* 1000 (cca), There is a series of convoluted and contradictory [[legend]]s about the discovery of [[Vinland]], whether there were any settlements or what, but suffice it to say that it is generally believed that [[Viking]]s arrived in [[North America]] around this time<br />
* 1018, First mention of [[Anglo-Saxon]] [[housecarl]]s.<br />
* 1054, the [[Great Schism]], in which the Western (Roman [[Catholic]]) and [[Eastern Orthodox]] [[church]]es separated from each other. After a number of earlier such [[schism]]s, the breach was later repaired, but this one continues nearly 1000 years later.<br />
* [[1066]], [[Norman]] conquest of [[England]]<br />
* 1068, Publication of ''Tabaqat al-Umam'' (Book of the Categories of Narions) by Sa'id al-Andalusi<br />
* 1094, [[El Cid]], the great [[Spain|Spanish]] hero, conquers the [[Moor]]ish city of [[Valencia]]<br />
* 1099, [[First Crusade]] captures [[Jerusalem]]<br />
<br />
== Significant people ==<br />
* [[William the Conqueror]]<br />
* [[Macbeth]]<br />
* [[Pope Saint Gregory VII]] (Hildebrand) <br />
<br />
== Inventions, Discoveries, Introductions ==<br />
* Invention of military [[rocket]]s by the [[China|Chinese]]<br />
<br />
==Some Groups that Cover This Period==<br />
*[[SCA]]<br />
*[[re-enactor|Re-Enactor]]s<br />
**[[Fire and Steel]] - Australia<br />
**[[The Huscarls]] - Australia<br />
**[[New England Medieval Arts Society]] - Australia<br />
**[[New Varangian Guard]] - Australia<br />
<br />
==Internal Links==<br />
''See also:''<br />
* [[10th Century]]<br />
* [[12th Century]]<br />
* [[Period]]<br />
*[[Norman fighting kit]]<br />
*[[Saxon fighting kit]]<br />
*[[Viking fighting kit]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
* Some [[Clothing]] of the [[Middle Ages]] - http://www.personal.utulsa.edu/~marc-carlson/cloth/bockhome.html [http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
[[category:11th century]]</div>Samjohnsshttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Crown_Principality&diff=41582Crown Principality2011-09-12T21:48:46Z<p>Samjohnss: </p>
<hr />
<div>A '''Crown Principality''' has no formal existence according to the [[SCA]] governing documents ([[Corpora]]). It is referenced in the Society [[Seneschal]]s Handbook:<br />
<br />
<hr><i><br />
4. Use "Crown Principality" status to recognize regional development. Where an area is obviously suitable for eventual Principality status, a Kingdom can reward and encourage the trend by declaring the area to be a Crown Principality. A Crown Principality is exactly and only a region with a fancy name and a line in the Coronation ceremony&mdash;the King and Queen also become Prince and Princess of the psuedo-Principality when they assume the thrones. It has no laws but the Kingdom laws. Its officers are regional deputies to the Kingdom officers. However, the name lends it extra emotional reality. The Kingdom can allow it have a champion and to develop some usages of its own, and these steps will smooth the eventual transition.<br />
<br />
5. All the procedures for creating a Crown Principality are under Kingdom control, as long as the Kingdom doesn't attempt to hand over functions reserved to the royalty or officers of SCA Principalities. (That is, the ceremonial representatives for the Crown with a Crown Principality may NOT warrant subordinate officers, proclaim banishments, or bestow armigerous awards without specific Crown approval for individual recipients.)<br />
<br />
6. Please be cautious with the idea, and do some enthusiastic straw polling before advising your royalty to establish a Crown Principality&mdash;imaginary though it is, a Crown Principality develops enough personality that it would be very painful for an area if the Kingdom later decided to take the status away.</i><br />
:from the SCA, Inc. Society Seneschal's Handbook<br />
<hr><br />
<br />
Thus, it is essentially a semi-formal declaration of intent to work toward [[Principality]] status by a collection of branches that wish to form a principality, but which do not meet one or more of the requirements. Since it is not a group designation recognized by the SCA, it has no laws, and no formal officers or ceremonial head. <br />
<br />
As an administrative unit, it may be compared to a [[region]] such as those found in the [[East Kingdom]].<br />
<br />
However, Kingdom Law and Custom may depute certain powers of the Crown to sub-groups. Thus law and custom may dictate that a Crown Principality have a ceremonial head, such as that of the former Crown Principality of Insulae Draconis, whose heads were styled as [[Viceroy]] and [[Vicereine]]. Likewise, law and custom may allow those heads to grant [[armiger|non-armigerous]] awards.<br />
<br />
<br />
The following groups are or have been Crown Principalities (in no order):<br />
*Nordmark<br />
*[[Principality of Oertha]] <br />
*Tir Righ<br />
*Lochac<br />
*Rivers<br />
*Ealdormere<br />
*Aethelmearc<br />
*Summits<br />
*Avacal<br />
*Northshield<br />
*[[Insulae Draconis]]<br />
and currently <br />
*[[Crown Principality of Tir Mara]]<br />
[http://reversephonelookuppages.com/ reverse phone lookup]<br />
[[category:SCAism]]</div>Samjohnss