https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Cian&feedformat=atomCunnan - User contributions [en]2024-03-19T11:26:47ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=House_de_Leeds&diff=52739House de Leeds2018-05-23T10:38:42Z<p>Cian: links</p>
<hr />
<div>{{<br />
House<br />
| housename = House de Leeds<br />
| color = purple<br />
| metal = white<br />
<br />
| device = [[File:meerkats.jpg|200px]]<br />
| caption = [[Ermine]], a [[chevron]] [[purpure]] between three [[brown]] [[weasel]]'s heads [[erased]] [[proper]]<br />
<br />
| motto= Primus intus, Ultimus foras<br />
| founded = [[A.S. XLVIII]]<br />
| head = Yevan de Leeds<br />
| kingdom = [[Lochac]]<br />
<br />
| area = [[Australia]] / [[New Zealand]]<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==About==<br />
'''House de Leeds''', otherwise known as the Meerkats, was founded by [[Baron]] Yevan de Leeds as his personal [[household]] in the [[SCA]]. The Meerkats are primarily a [[Service]] household within the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. Its members include Yevan's [[Protégé]]s, [[Student]]s, as well as other like-minded individuals.<br />
<br />
==Membership==<br />
<br />
Current membership includes:<br />
<br />
* [[Baron]] Yevan de Leeds, [[OP]]<br />
* and his [[Protégé]]s:<br />
** [[Baroness]] Aeschine of Arran<br />
** [[Lady]] Amalia de Benino<br />
** [[Lord]] Ulrich of Innilgard<br />
** [[Lord]] Seumas Mac Thorsteyn<br />
* and his student:<br />
** [[Lord]] Finnr Magnusson<br />
<br />
* [[Baron]] Cullan of Innilgard<br />
* [[Duchess]] Mari Alexander, [[OP]], [[OL]], [[KSCA]]<br />
* [[Baroness]] Christine Bess Duvant<br />
* [[Lord]] Faelan mac Flainn<br />
* [[Lord]] Vladislav Cel Negru<br />
* [[Lord]] Ethan Drake<br />
* [[Lord]] Amos Ironbeard<br />
<br />
===Former Members===<br />
<br />
* [[Lord]] Tim of Newton<br />
<br />
==Activities==<br />
<br />
The Meerkats participate in a wide range of activities, from running [[event]]s to [[fighting]] & [[marshall]]ing to holding [[office]]s at various levels ([[Canton]] / [[Barony]] / [[Kingdom]]). The [[membership]] of the Household represents a diverse range of skills that cover a wide majority of the SCA experience.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Households_(SCA)]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Becoming_king&diff=52721Becoming king2018-03-13T12:33:24Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>There were various historical methods of becoming [[King]] (or [[Queen]]).<br />
==Inheritance==<br />
The most common method of becoming King was to inherit it. If you were the eldest son, you would become King upon your father's death. It took a while for this to be formalised in a number of countries (e.g. [[William Rufus]] was not the eldest son of [[William the Conqueror]]), but it did make things easier. There was less likelihood of trouble if everyone knew who was next, even if he was an incompetent twerp.<br />
<br />
==Election==<br />
You may be familiar with the [[Monty Python]] quote ''You don't vote for Kings''. It's not quite true. It is true that there was never a Presidential style election for a [[King]]. That would mean [[peasant]]s got to vote, and despite the hard work of the levellers, the vast majority of the [[nobility]] would never have that. Usually it was a group of interested parties involved, as in the [[witan]]. For "interested", read "self-interested land holders who could raise a large enough [[army|fighting force]] to cause trouble if they didn't get their way". As well as the [[Anglo-Saxon]] [[English Monarchs|Kings of England]], [[Hugh Capet]] was elected as King of [[France]].<br />
<br />
==A King can make a King==<br />
We know next to nothing about [[Hugh Capet]], which is a shame because he seems to be a very clever guy. He started a [[dynasty]] that lasted centuries without anybody noticing. Nobody thought that there would be a [[Capetian]] line of Kings except Hugh, who raised his son to the [[throne]] before his death. The two ruled in tandom. Hugh died, his son ruled alone. That is until he raised his own son as co-King. Several generations later nobody questioned that the French [[crown]] was hereditary.<br />
<br />
==Conquest==<br />
<br />
[[William the Conqueror]] pulled off this trick at the [[Battle of Hastings]], as did [[Henry VII|Henry Tudor]], by defeating [[Richard III]] in battle at [[Battle of Bosworth Field|Bosworth]].<br />
<br />
<br />
===Notes about historical Kingship===<br />
<br />
Although you couldn't generally become King by election, the only way to become [[Holy Roman Emperor]] - who supposedly outranked any King in [[Christendom]] - was by election by the Imperial Electors. A copy of the [[Golden Bull of 1356]], that defines and regulates the election, is [http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/medieval/golden.htm here] ...<br />
<br />
The important [[Italy|Italian]] [[city-state]] of [[Venice]] also had an elective Doge, or [[Duke]].<br />
<br />
Another important [[medieval]] idea is what a King is ; a King is a [[Prince]] who is [[Sovereign]] in his own domain, who has either personally or by his predecessor, been invested in the title of King by the [[Pope]].<br />
<br />
To be Sovereign means that a State does not have to answer to another worldly power for its acts ; the city of [[Florence]] is sovereign, while the city of [[London]] is dependent on the King of [[England]] and thereby not. If a city or a state makes war without the command of another, then it is almost certainly sovereign.<br />
<br />
Note that some Princes who are not titled Kings, such as the [[Count]]s of [[Savoy]], are sovereign, as in no other Prince can lawfully command them ; but although they are Emperors in their own domain, they do not have the title of King.<br />
<br />
The [[Lord]] of [[Milan]], [[Gian Galeazzo]] Viscounti bought (as in, for cash) the title of Duke of Milan from Emperor [[Wenceslas]] in 1395; he attempted to be invested with the title of King, but this was not granted by the Pope.<br />
<br />
Another example of an elective Kingship is [[16th Century]] [[Poland]] ; after the death of Zygmunt Augustus, last of the [[Jagellonian]] dynasty, in 1569 they elected the French prince [[Henri III|Henri of Anjou]] as King of [[Poland]]. This worked badly, especially when the noted party animal and hedonist Henri realised the limited entertainment opportunities available in Poland. He quit the job soon afterwards, and returned to France to be crowned King [[Henri III]] of France.<br />
<br />
==Becoming King in the SCA==<br />
The usual way to become [[king]] in the [[SCA]] is to win a [[crown tournament]]. A less common way to become king is to be the [[consort]] of a fighter who wins crown tournament. As a method for choosing a king, it has a number of advantages. The main one is that in order to be good enough to win a crown tournament, it is likely that the victor will have been involved in the SCA for a respectable amount of time.<br />
<br />
===Drawbacks===<br />
There are a few drawbacks with this, not the least being that certain SCA demographics are over-represented. This is probably not as much of a problem as some may think, as the first three [[reign]]s of the [[Kingdom of Lochac]] saw three [[Laurel]]s take the throne (two [[Queen]]s and a King).<br />
<br />
===Argument for the [[SCA|SCA's]] Method of Determining a King===<br />
Surprisingly, one of the arguments that is sometimes promulgated for the crown tournament model of selecting Kings and Queens is that becoming King by [[right of arms]] is [[period]]. Certainly, it is true that many Kings were crowned after having conquered a Kingdom, but none became King by winning a tourney.<br />
<br />
[[Category:title]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Crown_tournament&diff=52720Crown tournament2018-03-13T12:30:20Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>Either twice or three times a year in each [[SCA]] [[kingdom]] there is a mighty [[tournament]], called the '''Crown Tournament''' where [[fighter]]s do [[combat]] to win the [[Crown]]. The victor gains the right to [[laws|rule]] as [[King]] or [[Queen]] following their [[coronation]]. Their chosen [[consort]] becomes their Queen or possibly King, depending on their gender. At the time of this writing (April, 2013), there has been one Queen by [[Right of arms|right of arms]] in the SCA, in the [[Kingdom of Ansteorra]]. She defeated her husband (and consort) in the final. Several ladies have won [[coronet tournament|Coronet Tourneys]]. There have also been same gender victors.<br />
<br />
In [[Lochac]], the investiture customarily happens at [[12th Night]] (early January) and [[Midwinter Coronation]] (held on one of the first two weekends in July).<br />
<br />
In [[period]], there were various [[becoming king|other ways]] to become king or queen.<br />
<br />
[[category:SCA]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Crown&diff=52719Crown2018-03-13T12:28:27Z<p>Cian: /* Crown, the (title) */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Crown ([[Regalia]])==<br />
A '''crown''' is an ornamental circlet, signifying the position of the wearer.<br />
<br />
''See also:''<br />
* [[coronet]]<br />
<br />
==Crown, the ([[title]])==<br />
'''The Crown''' is the position of any ruling [[King]]s and [[Queen]]s. Note that this is distinct from whoever happens to be [[King]] or [[Queen]] at the time. <br />
<br />
When the [[royalty]] are [[coronation|coronated]], they are said to have been '''crowned''' King or Queen.<br />
<br />
==Crown ([[Event]])==<br />
See [[Crown Tournament]].<br />
[[category:jewellery]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=King&diff=52718King2018-03-13T12:25:49Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>A '''king''' is the male [[monarch]] of a [[nation]]. Historically these were determined primarily by [[heir|hereditary]] succession. Depending on nation and time frame, this [[title]] was primarily passed through the eldest of the male line but [[becoming king|exceptions to this rule]] could occur and disputes could arise.<br />
<br />
As the title of King is considered to outrank [[Queen]] in [[England]] and elsewhere, the husband of somebody who is Queen in her own right is not known as King, but as Prince Consort.<br />
<br />
==King ([[Game]]s)==<br />
In many [[game]]s the king holds a position of great importance. Frequently if the king is lost (or about to be lost) the game is considered over. Examples of this include [[chess]], [[tafl|hnefetafl]] and [[kubb]].<br />
<br />
The king also appears in [[card]]s as one of four kings of various [[suit]]s. In [[draught]]s, the king is a [[crown]]ed piece that is given greater movement than the uncrowned pieces.<br />
<br />
==Kings in the SCA==<br />
In the [[SCA]], the choice of who will next [[becoming king|become King]] is determined by victory in the [[Crown tournament]], or by being the [[consort]] of the victor in a Crown Tournament. The King uses the [[arms]] of the [[Kingdom]], the [[Royal]] [[crown]] and other [[regalia]] for the duration of the [[reign]].<br />
<br />
When a King steps down, he becomes a [[Count]] (or a variant appropriate to his [[persona]]) if he has reigned once and a [[Duke]] if he has reigned twice or more.<br />
<br />
When [[Addressing Royalty|speaking to the King or the Queen]], the proper form of address is your Majesty (or your Majesties). Note however that this is a mild anachronism. It was not until the 17th cent. that Your Majesty entirely superseded the other customary forms of address to the sovereign in English. Henry VIII and Queen Elizabeth I were often addressed as ‘Your Grace’ and ‘Your Highness’, and the latter alternates with ‘Your Majesty’ in the dedication of the Bible of 1611 to James I.<br />
<br />
===Alternate Titles===<br />
<br />
The SCA recognises the following [[alternate titles]] in other [[language]]s as the equivalent to King:<br />
<br />
<table border cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0><br />
<tr><br />
<th>Language</th><br />
<th>Alternate Form</th><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Albanian]]</td><br />
<td>Mbret</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Arabic]]</td><br />
<td>Malik / Sultan</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Catalan]]</td><br />
<td>Rei</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Czech]]</td><br />
<td>Kral</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Danish]]</td><br />
<td>Konge</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Dutch]]</td><br />
<td>Koning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Estonian]]</td><br />
<td>Kuningas</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Finnish]]</td><br />
<td>Kuningas</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[French]]</td><br />
<td>Roi</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[German]]</td><br />
<td>König</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Greek]]</td><br />
<td>Basil�us</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hebrew]]</td><br />
<td>Melech</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hungarian]]</td><br />
<td>Kiraly</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Icelandic]]</td><br />
<td>Konungur</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Irish Gaelic]]</td><br />
<td>Rí</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Italian]]</td><br />
<td>Re</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Latin]]</td><br />
<td>Rex</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Middle Norwegian]]</td><br />
<td>Konung</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Old English]]</td><br />
<td>Cyning / Kyng</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Old Norse]]</td><br />
<td>Konungr</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Polish]]</td><br />
<td>Kr�l</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Portuguese]]</td><br />
<td>Rei</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Romanian]]</td><br />
<td>Rege</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Russian]]</td><br />
<td>Tsar</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Scots Gaelic]]</td><br />
<td>Rìgh</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Spanish]]</td><br />
<td>Rey</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Swedish]]</td><br />
<td>Konung</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Turkish]]</td><br />
<td>Krall</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Welsh]]</td><br />
<td>Brenin / Teyrn</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
== See Also: ==<br />
[[Honorific]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarch<br />
[[category:title]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Queen&diff=52717Queen2018-03-13T12:22:33Z<p>Cian: allow for same gender crown</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Queen''' is the current female ruler of a [[Kingdom]]. Any Queens and [[King]]s ruling together are referred to as the [[Crown]]. She is addressed as Your Majesty, and referred to as Her (Royal) Majesty.<br />
<br />
== The Queen in the SCA ==<br />
In the [[SCA]] the Queen may gain her [[rank|position]] through [[right of arms]] (Queen Regnant or Queen Sovereign), or by being [[consort]] to such a [[King]] or [[Queen]] Arms (making her the Queen Consort). When a Queen steps down, she becomes a [[Countess]] (or some variant appropriate to her [[persona]]) if she has reigned once and in some kingdoms becomes a [[Order of the Rose|Lady of the Rose]]. If she has reigned twice or more, she becomes a [[Duchess]] (or variant).<br />
<br />
In some kingdoms it is customary for the queen to use as [[arms]] the arms of the kingdom, whereas in others the queen has arms specific to her. The Queen of [[Lochac]], whether she is Queen Regnant or Queen Consort, uses the undifferenced [[Arms of the Kingdom of Lochac]]. However in [[Kingdom of the West|the West]] the Queen consort's arms differ from the kingdom's arms by containing a [[wreath of roses]] rather than a [[laurel wreath]].<br />
<br />
===Alternate Titles===<br />
<br />
The SCA recognises the following [[alternate titles]] in other [[language]]s as the equivalent to Queen:<br />
<br />
<table border cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0><br />
<tr><br />
<th>Language</th><br />
<th>Alternate Form</th><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Albanian]]</td><br />
<td>Mbret�resh�</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Arabic]]</td><br />
<td>Malika / Sultana</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Catalan]]</td><br />
<td>Reina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Czech]]</td><br />
<td>Kralovna</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Danish]]</td><br />
<td>Hertug</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Dutch]]</td><br />
<td>Koningin</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Estonian]]</td><br />
<td>Kuninganna</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Finnish]]</td><br />
<td>Kuningatar</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[French]]</td><br />
<td>Reine</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[German]]</td><br />
<td>Königin</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Greek]]</td><br />
<td>Basilissa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hebrew]]</td><br />
<td>Malchah</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hungarian]]</td><br />
<td>Kiralyn�</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Icelandic]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Irish Gaelic]]</td><br />
<td>Banríon</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Italian]]</td><br />
<td>Regina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Latin]]</td><br />
<td>Regina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Middle Norwegian]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Old English]]</td><br />
<td>Cwēn</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Old Norse]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Polish]]</td><br />
<td>Kr�lowa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Portuguese]]</td><br />
<td>Raihna</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Romanian]]</td><br />
<td>Regină</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Russian]]</td><br />
<td>Tsaritsa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Scots Gaelic]]</td><br />
<td>Bainrìgh/Ban-rìghinn</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Spanish]]</td><br />
<td>Reina</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Swedish]]</td><br />
<td>Drottning</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Turkish]]</td><br />
<td>Kralice</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Welsh]]</td><br />
<td>Brenhines / Teyrn</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
[[category:title]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Crown_tournament&diff=52716Crown tournament2018-03-13T12:16:36Z<p>Cian: allow for same gender crown</p>
<hr />
<div>Either twice or three times a year in each [[SCA]] [[kingdom]] there is a mighty [[tournament]], called the '''Crown Tournament''' where [[fighter]]s do [[combat]] to win the [[Crown]]. The victor gains the right to [[laws|rule]] as [[King]] or [[Queen]] following their [[coronation]]. Their chosen [[consort]] becomes their Queen or possibly King, depending on their gender. At the time of this writing (April, 2013), there has been one Queen by [[Right of arms|right of arms]] in the SCA, in the [[Kingdom of Ansteorra]]. She defeated her husband (and consort) in the final. Several ladies have won [[coronet tournament|Coronet Tourneys]].<br />
<br />
In [[Lochac]], the investiture customarily happens at [[12th Night]] (early January) and [[Midwinter Coronation]] (held on one of the first two weekends in July).<br />
<br />
In [[period]], there were various [[becoming king|other ways]] to become king or queen.<br />
<br />
[[category:SCA]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Great_Southern_Gathering&diff=52709Great Southern Gathering2018-02-11T05:43:52Z<p>Cian: cleaned up, added links and cagegories</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Great Southern Gathering (GSG)''' is an annual [[SCA]] weekend [[event]], traditionally held over the September-October long weekend in the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. The hosting group is rotated annually between [[Innilgard]], [[Ynys Fawr]] and [[Krae Glas]].<br />
<br />
The original [[charter]] decribes the intent as to "have fun, learn stuff and get together. A casual atmosphere is to be aimed for." The focus of the event is primarily directed around the [[Arts and Sciences]] and [[Rapier combat]], with classes and activities for [[heavy combatant]]s if there is interest.<br />
<br />
== Event Structure ==<br />
<br />
The basic intent is to have a shared event between the three groups that encourages people from southern Lochac to visit and engage with each other for a relaxed weekend each year. While the event rotates host groups each year, it is common for members of other southern groups to provide assistance to the [[steward]]ing team to promote inter-[[Baron]]ial cooperation.<br />
<br />
On a typical GSG, a [[soup kitchen]] will be ran on the Friday night for arrivals, classes and activities will begin in the morning, with [[garb]] optional up until the start of the [[feast]] on Saturday night. This has the advantage of keeping luggage weight low for interstate travellers and allowing people to wear [[clothes]] that may get dirty during classes (i.e., [[pottery]]).<br />
<br />
Sunday is a popular day for [[Guild of Defence]] [[Guild prize|Prizes]] and Rapier [[tournament]]s. The dinner on Sunday night is generally provided from various forms of comfort food that may or may not be [[period]], past examples have included baked [[potato]]es and [[bean]] [[chilli]].<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
There is a continual GSG website that provides information and class notes across the years which is available [https://sites.google.com/site/greatsoutherngathering/home here]<br />
[[category:events]][[category:events (Lochac)]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Heavy_combatant&diff=52708Heavy combatant2018-02-11T05:43:26Z<p>Cian: redirect</p>
<hr />
<div>#redirect[[heavy fighter]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Herbals&diff=51991Herbals2016-11-20T07:14:21Z<p>Cian: links</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Herbals''' are [[book]]s which describe the physical characteristics and properties of [[herbs]] and other [[plant]]s. John Gerard's "[[Gerard's Herbal|Herbal or General History of Plants]]" has long been the most famous [[England|English]] herbal. First published in 1597, it was republished in 1633 in an edition in which Thomas Johnson revised and enlarged the original text. <br />
<br />
The quantity of herbals produced changed in 1450 with the development of the [[Gutenberg Press]], which allowed their mass production with [[engraving|engraved]] plates.<br />
<br />
Generally, the name in this list is in [[Latin]] and [[English]] (or common name for non-English herbals) is given, and the author where known. The link has the physical description if known of the herbal, and the place of production. <br />
<br />
The list of herbals also contains [[medicine|Medicinal]]s and other works and these have been included because of the descriptions given to plants in their folios. The date shown in this list should be the original (estimated) [[calendar|date]] written. Post period herbals are also of interest as to distinguish what details they include as distinct from what is and is not mentioned in prior herbals.<br />
<br />
The majority of the list was created from a source document originally produced by the [[SCA]] [[Kingdom of Meridian Herbalists Guild]] who kindly allowed contents to be copied. Additional information was initially contributed from the [[Kingdom of Lochac]] and other SCA [[kingdom]]s may subsequently have contributed. Please see the Herb Garden guild page for information on the various Kingdom [[guild]] pages.<br />
<br />
The intent of this list is to link to a page for each herbal/each type of herbal mentioned providing the following details:-<br />
* Where examples of the actual herbal can now actually be found. To be viewed physically or online.<br />
* When reproductions were created, and perhaps the year of the first remaining reproduction.<br />
* What facsimile copies have been produced. And also in what books, images from the herbals appear.<br />
* As well as the contents of each herbal, preferably a summary, and then some details.<br />
* Discussions between herbals are to have their own pages referenced from within each herbal page.<br />
* Descriptions of plants in herbals should include details of the time of growth, uses (medicinal or [[food|culinary]] etc) and illustrations as given.<br />
<br />
<br />
If an asterix (*) appears after the listing for a herbal, this means a page specific to the herbal is still to be created. <br />
Books about herbals and gardens published after 1901 can be found at [[Herbals_post1901]].<br />
<br />
== Herbals ==<br />
<br />
* 5000 [[BC]] Chinese Herbals *<br />
* 3000 BC Sumerian Tablets *<br />
* 1550 BC Ebbers Papayrus *<br />
* 1300 BC Chinese “Oracle Bones” *<br />
* 700 BC Pen T’sao Ching, or Canon of Herbs *<br />
* 370 BC Historia Plantarum *<br />
* [[3rd Century BC]] Diocles’ physiology *<br />
* [[2nd Century BC]] Theriaka & Alexipharmaka *<br />
* [[1st Century BC]] Crateuas *<br />
* 60 [[AD]] (approx.) De Materia Medica * <br />
* 79 AD (approx.) Naturalis Historica *<br />
* 400 AD (approx.) The Herbal of Apuleius * <br />
* 512 AD Juliana Anicius Codex *<br />
* 622-633 AD Etymologiarum libri duo *<br />
* [[7th Century]] Hortulus *<br />
* [[8th Century]] Capitulare de Villis *<br />
* [[10th Century]] (first half) Herbarium * <br />
* 10th Century (latter half) Leech Book of Bald, or Medicinale Anglicum *<br />
* 10th Cent. Opera Quae Extant Omnia *<br />
* 1050 (approx) Of Schools of Medicine *<br />
* 1068 [[Taqwim as-sihhah]] by Ibn Bultan and name is translated as Maintenance of Health and referred to as Tables of Health and also see Tacuinum Sanitatis<br />
* [[11th Century]] Herbals from School of Salerno *<br />
* 11th Century - De Viribus Herbarum *<br />
* 1130-1150 Circa Instans *<br />
* 1150 (approx) The Physica *<br />
* 1180 Works of Avincenna *<br />
* [[12th Century]] (maybe 1st half) [[Herbal of al-Ghafiqi ]] by Abu Ja'far al-Ghafiqi<br />
* 12th Century – Trotula *<br />
* 12th Century – Liber Serapionis aggregatus *<br />
* 1280 (approx) De Proprietatibus Rerum * <br />
* [[13th Century]] De Vegetablis *<br />
* 1306 Opus Ruralium Commodorum * <br />
* 1349-1351 Buch der Natur *<br />
* 1370-1380 [[ Tractatus de Herbis | Tractatus de Herbis ]] MS. Masson 116 , part of the North Italian group<br />
* 1380’s – 1420 [[Tacuinum Sanitatis | Tacuinum Sanitatis ]] , also known as Taccuinum Sanitatis, Tacuina <br />
* 1440 An Herbal but see [[ Tractatus de Herbis | Tractatus de Herbis ]] and also known in facsimile as a Medieval Herbal , Sloan MS 4016, part of the North Italian group<br />
* 1471 Opera Quae Extant Omnia * <br />
* 1473 Liber Serapionis aggregatus *<br />
* 1477 De Viribus Herbarum *<br />
* 1484 Herbarius Latinus *<br />
* 1485 Der Gart der Gesundheit * <br />
* 1486-1488 AD Arbolayre, or Le Grant Herbier * <br />
* 1491 Hortus Sanitatis *<br />
* 1500 Das Buch zu Distillieren <br />
* 1525 Bancke's Herbal *<br />
* 1526 Grete Herball *<br />
* 1530 Herbarum Vivae Eicones *<br />
* 1538 [[ Libellus de re herbaria novus | Libellus de re herbaria by William Turner ]] <br />
* 1539 Kreüter Buch *<br />
* 1542 [[De Historia Stirpium]] <br />
* 1544 Commentarii *<br />
* 1548 [[ The Names of Herbes | The Names of Herbes by William Turner ]] The Names of Herbes in Greke, Latin, Englishe, Duche and Frenche Wyth the Commune Names That Herbries and Apotecaries Use<br />
* 1550/1551 Turner's New Herball Herbs *<br />
* 1551 [[Askham's Herbal]] <br />
* 1552 Badianus Manuscript *<br />
* 1554 Cruÿdeboeck *<br />
* 1560 – 1624 Pinax Thesti Botunici *<br />
* 1563 Coloquios *<br />
* 1568 Aztec Herbal *<br />
* 1569 Dos Libros *<br />
* 1596 Cataloge to John Gerard’s garden. *<br />
* 1597 [[Gerard's Herbal | The Herball, or Generall Historie of Plantes by John Gerard ]] <br />
* [[16th century]] The Compendim of Materia Medica *<br />
* 1615 Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus *<br />
* 1627 – 1705 Historica Plantara *<br />
* 1631 Curioso tratado de la naturaleza y calidad del chocolate *<br />
* 1640 Theatrum Botanicum *<br />
* 1649 The Complete Herbal *<br />
* 1652 The English Physician *<br />
* 1656 Art of Simpling *<br />
* 1679 [[De Gallis | De Gallis by Marcello Malpighi ]] <br />
* 1707 – 1778 Taxonomy *<br />
* 1800’s (first half), herbal of Shaker medicine *<br />
* 1901 A Modern Herbal *<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
<br />
*[http://moas.atlantia.sca.org/wsnlinks/index.php?action=displaycat&catid=542 Atlantian A&S Links: Herbs, Herbalism, & Herbal Remedies]<br />
<br />
==See also== <br />
* Herb and Garden Guilds Listing [[HerbGarden_Guild]]<br />
* [[ Herbals_post1901 | Herbals post 1901]]<br />
* [[Herbs]]<br />
<br />
[[category:books]][[category:Herbals]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Ffair_Rhaglan&diff=51931Ffair Rhaglan2016-06-12T12:36:04Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''FFair Rhaglan''' is the largest annual [[SCA]] [[event]] in [[Insulae Draconis]]. It takes its [[name]] from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raglan_Castle Castell Rhaglan] (Raglan Castle) in [[Wales]] where it is held. It currently runs for two weekends and the intervening week, and is typically scheduled early in August, often opposite [[Pennsic]].<br />
<br />
There are a number of traditional [[battle]]s which take advantage of the castle location - [[gate battle]]s through actual gates, [[bridge battle]]s on actual bridges, and so forth. The location makes the use of [[hay bale]]s to create terrain superfluous.<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
CADW's Castell Rhaglan site - http://cadw.gov.wales/splash?orig=/default.asp?id=6<br />
<br />
[[category: events]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Prestige_Tourney&diff=51917Prestige Tourney2016-04-24T11:25:29Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>A '''Prestige Tourney''' is a formal [[SCA]] [[tournament]], generally fought in [[Double elimination tournament|double-elimination]] style.<br />
<br />
What differentiates this type of tournament is that the [[combat]] is preceded by a formal [[procession]] of all combatants and their [[consort]]s; the combatants present their consort to the [[Crown]], publicly declaring for whom they are fighting and usually give a ''short'' speech on how what person [[inspiration|inspires]] them. Often this declaration is rewarded by a [[token]] (usually a [[flower]]) that the combatant then presents to their consort.<br />
<br />
In the spirit of the tournament all combatants are generally encouraged to show a fine [[heraldic display]] and to compete in the most [[chivalry|chivalrous]] possible manner. <br />
<br />
The [[Lady Mary Memorial Tournament]] in [[Ealdormere]] is a notable Prestige Tourney.<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[Category:combat]][[category:Tournament Styles]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Lady_Mary_Memorial_Tournament&diff=51916Lady Mary Memorial Tournament2016-04-24T11:23:28Z<p>Cian: clean up</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Lady Mary Memorial Tournament''' is a long-standing annual [[SCA]] [[event]] hosted every May by the [[Barony of Rising Waters]] in the [[Kingdom of Ealdormere]]. It is named after '''Lady Mary Campbell of Inverary''', a [[Lady]] who was active in the early [[SCA]] [[Barony of Rising Waters]]. Following her death in [[1984]], the [[Barony]]'s first major [[tournament]] was named after her. This event is popular not only with Ealdormereans, but because of its long history and close proximity to [[Æthelmearc]] and the [[Midrealm]], there is generally a substantial foreign presence as well.<br />
<br />
This event is notable as being a [[Prestige Tourney]]. The [[combat]] is preceded by a formal [[procession]] of all [[combatant]]s and their [[consort]]s. The combatants publicly declare for whom they are fighting, usually giving a short speech on how that person [[inspiration|inspires]] them. In the spirit of the tournament all combatants are encouraged to make a fine [[heraldry|heraldic]] display and to compete in the most [[chivalry|chivalrous]] possible manner.<br />
<br />
The event has both [[fencing]] and [[heavy combat]] tournaments as well as an [[archery]] tournament; participants of all three tournaments are welcome to participate in the procession. There is also a [[Youth Combat]] tournament. Following the tournaments there is [[Court]] and [[Feast]].<br />
<br />
==External links ==<br />
http://baronyofrisingwaters.org/lady-mary-history/<br />
<br />
[[category:events]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=The_Flying_Ypotryll&diff=51849The Flying Ypotryll2015-10-17T06:12:33Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''The Flying Ypotryll''' is an [[SCA]] [[household]] primarily of [[Stormhold]]ers. It was originally run by [[privateer]] [[Master]] Hanbal Al Barbary (Hanbal Reis al Barbary being the preferred usage of his name). During his term as [[Baron]] of [[Stormhold]], he passed command over to Dubhghaill (Doyle) but has since gained control again. His 'crew' are skilled in many fields and much more devious in others. Just make sure you can afford their services!<br />
<br />
The main symbol of the household is a [[blue]] [[field]] with a [[white]] [[ypotryll]] skull on a pair of crossed [[yellow]] [[cutlass]]es, and they can be distinguished by their prominent display of blue and yellow everywhere (along with [[pirate]] miscellany). <br />
<br />
Their website used to be http://www.ypotryll.tk <br />
<br />
The crew of the Flying Ypotryll are from various backgrounds across the SCA - brought together by the ideals of fun, frivolity & piracy. Hanbal with his crew are responsible for initiating the children's quests on the Saturday each year at [[Rowany Festival]].<br />
<br />
[[category:households (SCA)|Flying Ypotryll]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=User_talk:SOLAVERASCHOLA&diff=51848User talk:SOLAVERASCHOLA2015-10-17T06:03:11Z<p>Cian: </p>
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<div>{{Template:Welcome|realName=HERMAN ISNT A SAINT|name=SOLAVERASCHOLA}}<br />
<br />
-- [[User:New user message|New user message]] ([[User talk:New user message|talk]]) 12:42, 14 October 2015 (AEDT)<br />
<br />
-----<br />
== Advice on editting ==<br />
* Welcome to Cunnan. Thank you for your contributions to this wiki. I have noticed that some of your edits are rather biased in nature, being critical or insulting of some SCA groups and particularly jubilant and supporting of others. This is not the way that Cunnan is normally editted. We are trying to provide a resource to re-enactment and re-creation enthusiasts across the world. Personal opinions do not normally play a role in how we edit the pages. Please read [[Cunnan:Neutral_point_of_view]]. - [[User:Cian|Cian Gillebhrath]] ([[User talk:Cian|talk]]) 17:01, 17 October 2015 (AEDT)</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=User_talk:SOLAVERASCHOLA&diff=51847User talk:SOLAVERASCHOLA2015-10-17T06:01:38Z<p>Cian: Be neutral when editting</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Template:Welcome|realName=HERMAN ISNT A SAINT|name=SOLAVERASCHOLA}}<br />
<br />
-- [[User:New user message|New user message]] ([[User talk:New user message|talk]]) 12:42, 14 October 2015 (AEDT)<br />
<br />
-----<br />
== Advice on editting ==<br />
* Welcome to Cunnan. Thank you for your contributions to this wiki. I have noticed that some of your edits are rather biased in nature, being critical or insulting of some SCA groups and particularly jubilant and supporting of others. This is not the way that Cunnan is editted. We are trying to provide a resource to re-enactment and re-creation enthusiasts across the world. Personal opinions do not normally play a role in how we edit the pages. Please read [[Cunnan:Regional_point_of_view]]. - [[User:Cian|Cian Gillebhrath]] ([[User talk:Cian|talk]]) 17:01, 17 October 2015 (AEDT)</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=College_of_St_Ursula&diff=51846College of St Ursula2015-10-17T05:49:46Z<p>Cian: remove biased statements, add links</p>
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<div>== The College of St Ursula and Her Eleven Thousand Virgins and Martyrs ==<br />
<br />
'''St Ursula''' is an [[SCA]]] [[college]] in the [[Barony of Rowany]] in the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. It is the [[SCA]] [[groups|group]] for Sydney [[University]], [[Sydney]], [[Australia]]. St Ursula's [[motto]] is ''Sola Vera Schola'', which in [[Latin]] means 'The One True College'. <br />
<br />
St Ursula claims to be the longest running college in the [[kingdom]], as it was the first university group to be officially recognised in Lochac. This claim is disputed by the [[College of Blessed Herman the Cripple]].<br />
<br />
The College maintains a strong tradition of weekly [[A&S]] meetings and pub dinners, the combination of which are sure to contribute to the continued success of Ursulans in local and inter-[[baron]]ial competitions. The college also manages to field a less-ragtag-than-expected fighting force whose numbers and enthusiasm rival most units out there, and somewhat account for their lack of experience. <br />
<br />
It is worth noting that the College of St Ursula has a ''very healthy'' obsession with [[carro]]ts, which culminates in the mythos surrounding the One True Carrot, which is not the sort of information which can be disclosed in such a public manner as this.<br />
<br />
'''Incomplete list of [[Peer]]s of the [[Realm]] produced by or residing in the College, by order of precedence:'''<br />
* [[Countess]] [[Mistress]] Bethan Daniels of Brockwood<br />
* [[Count]] [[Sir]] Kinggiyadai Ba'atur (also known as Gui von Oberhausen)<br />
* Countess Angharat Benbras<br />
* [[Master]] Padraig Lowther<br />
* Sir Ariston Hegelochos<br />
* [[Master]] Caleb Adolphus<br />
<br />
=== ''[[Regnum]]'' ===<br />
<br />
* [[Seneschal]]: Edward Walton (Surprisingly, not his mundane name)<br />
* [[Secretary]]: Yast Melkhi (It's [[Mongol]]. It means [[turtle]])<br />
* [[A&S]]: Ulfhilda (Wulfhildr? Who knows man. [[Viking]]s.)<br />
* [[Marshal]]: Yda (Is that even enough letters for a name?)<br />
* [[Reeve]]: Hrafn inn Reði (ayyyy)<br />
* [[Webmin]]: Sigvaldr Svithandi (There is some chance you've met this one though)<br />
* [[Acquisitor]]: (SHANNON NEEDS A [[name|NAME]])<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Colleges (SCA)|Ursula]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=College_of_Blessed_Herman_the_Cripple&diff=51845College of Blessed Herman the Cripple2015-10-17T05:49:09Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''College of Blessed Herman the Cripple''' is an [[SCA]] [[College]] in the [[Barony of Innilgard]] in the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. It is based at the [[University]] of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. As one of the first [[group]]s established in Lochac, it has a very old and rich history. It claims to be the first [[college]] in [[Lochac]] to be founded, though this claim is disputed by the [[College of St Ursula]].<br />
<br />
The first [[Queen]] of Lochac, [[Duchess]] Guðrun, is a former [[scholar]] and [[seneschal]] of the college, and during her second reign as Queen, gave Blessed Herman the right to refer to itself as "The Queen's College".<br />
<br />
The college has played a large part in the [[Inter-College War]]s, both as a host and regularly the victor. Often known as "the Friendly College", their mascot is [[Fred]], the Fire Breathing [[Goat]] of Doom. Assisting [[Fred]] is Oscar the Ram.<br />
<br />
=== Hagiography ===<br />
<br />
'''Blessed Herman the Cripple''' was a [[mathematician]], [[musician]] and [[monk]]. He was considered to be a genius, yet his parents gave him to the [[church]] as a child because he was so horribly crippled and was therefore no use for working in the fields. <br />
<br />
===''[[Regnum]]'' ===<br />
<br />
* [[Seneschal]]: Domenico<br />
* [[Herald]]: <br />
* [[A&S]]: Kit Hackforth<br />
* [[Marshal]]: Finnbjorn Skeggerson<br />
* [[Reeve]]: Sebastian<br />
* [[Hospitaller]]: Rebecca<br />
* [[Chronicler]]: Ameline<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
* [http://www.sca.org.au/blessed_herman/ College homepage]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Colleges (SCA)|Blessed Herman the Cripple]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=College_of_Blessed_Herman_the_Cripple&diff=51844College of Blessed Herman the Cripple2015-10-17T05:30:55Z<p>Cian: Undo revision 51838 by SOLAVERASCHOLA (talk) to remove biased edits</p>
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<div>'''Blessed Herman the Cripple''' was a [[mathematician]], [[musician]] and [[monk]]. He was considered to be a genius, yet his parents gave him to the [[church]] as a child because he was so horribly crippled and was therefore no use for working in the fields. <br />
<br />
The [[SCA]] '''College of Blessed Herman the Cripple''' (Adelaide University) is located in the [[Barony of Innilgard]] (Adelaide). It was the first [[college]] in [[Lochac]] to be founded, and one of the first [[group]]s established in Lochac, with a very old and rich history. <br />
<br />
The first Queen of Lochac, Duchess Guðrun, is a former Scholar and Seneschal of the College, and during her second reign as Queen, gave Blessed Herman the right to refer to itself as "The Queen's College".<br />
<br />
<br />
The college has played a large part in the [[Inter-College War]]s, both as a host and regularly the victor. Often known as "the Friendly College", their mascot is [[Fred]], the Fire Breathing [[Goat]] of Doom. Assisting [[Fred]] is Oscar the Ram.<br />
<br />
=== ''[[Regnum]]'' ===<br />
<br />
* [[Seneschal]]: Domenico<br />
* [[Herald]]: <br />
* [[A&S]]: Kit Hackforth<br />
* [[Marshal]]: Finnbjorn Skeggerson<br />
* [[Reeve]]: Sebastian<br />
* [[Hospitaller]]: Rebecca<br />
* [[Chronicler]]: Ameline<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
* [http://www.sca.org.au/blessed_herman/ College homepage]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Colleges (SCA)|Blessed Herman the Cripple]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Barony_of_Innilgard&diff=51777Barony of Innilgard2015-08-05T10:03:18Z<p>Cian: "fix" link to external image</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Barony of Innilgard''' is an [[SCA]] [[branch]] in the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. It covers all of South Australia, with the [[Barony]] centered on Adelaide.<br />
<br />
<center>http://www.sca.org.au/innilgard/pics/sml-dev.gif </center><br />
<br />
The current [[Baron]] of Innilgard is [[His Excellency]], Yevan de Leeds. The current [[Baroness]] of Innilgard is [[Her Excellency]], [[Sir]] Eva von Danzig.<br />
<br />
Also contained within its borders is the illustrious [[College of Blessed Herman the Cripple]], located at Adelaide University.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Barons and Baronesses'''<br />
<br />
[[Master]] Tovye Woolmonger, [[OP]], and [[Mistress]] Aislinn de Valance, OP<br />
<br />
Master Osgot of Corfe, [[OL]], and Mistress Esla of Ifeld, OL<br />
<br />
Dai Bach and Aylcie of Stirling<br />
<br />
Master Drake Morgan, OL, and Blodeuwedd y Gath<br />
<br />
[[Don]] Aylwin Greymane, [[VSCA]], and [[Viscountess]] Ingerith Ryzka.<br />
<br />
Yevan de Leeds, and [[Sir]] Eva von Danzig.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''Past Events'''<br />
<br />
<center>http://www.sca.org.au/innilgard/gallery/albums/album04/GD_court.gif</center><br />
<br />
<center>[[Royal]] [[Court]] of [[King]] Aedward and [[Queen]] Yolande at Ides of March Games Day <br><br />
([[Lord]] Fionghuine, Lord Robert, King Aedward, Queen Yolande, Baroness Blodeuwedd, Baron Drake, Lord William Blackwode the [[Seneschal]] of Innilgard) </center><br />
<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
Webpage: http://www.sca.org.au/innilgard/ including contacts and event calendar<br />
<br />
Email List: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/innilgardians/<br />
<br />
{{Lochac Barony}}<br />
[[Category:Baronies (SCA)|Innilgard]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=College_of_St_Andronicus&diff=51776College of St Andronicus2015-08-05T09:42:56Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>== The College of St Andronicus ==<br />
<br />
'''St Andronicus''' is the [[SCA]] [[groups|group]] for the University of Canberra, [[Canberra]], [[Australia]] in the [[Barony of Politarchopolis]]. The Collegians of St Andronicus are referred to as Andronicans and their mascot is the grapefruit.<br />
<br />
The petition for the formation of the [[Incipient]] [[College]] of St Andronicus was signed on 21 March [[2012]] with Paidin MacLorkan as the first [[Seneschal]]. The College was officially established on 21 April [[2014]] after an announcement in [[court]] that they were no longer classified as Incipient.<br />
<br />
<br />
=== ''[[Regnum]]'' ===<br />
<br />
* [[Seneschal]]: Caitlin<br />
* [[Herald]]: Caitlin<br />
* [[A&S]]: Tahlia<br />
* [[Marshal]]: Jacob<br />
* [[Reeve]]: Mikhail<br />
* [[Hospitaller]]: <br />
* [[Chronicler]]: Tahlia<br />
<br />
[[Category:Colleges (SCA)|Andronicus]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=White_Scarf&diff=51614White Scarf2015-05-13T00:19:12Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>In many (12 of 19) [[SCA]] [[kingdom]]s, [[fencing|fencers]] may be admitted into the '''Order of the White Scarf''', if in the eyes of the [[Crown]] acting on the [[recommendation]] of the other members of the [[order]], they have demonstrated a high level of expertise in the field of rapier and exemplify courtesy, chivalry, dedicated patronage to the arts and sciences and show continual service to local branches and the kingdom. They are given a white scarf to wear on the left arm or shoulder to signify their [[rank]], and if they do not already possess one a [[Grant of Arms]].<br />
<br />
This is not a [[peer|peerage]] order and was created decades before the [[Order of Defense]] was created. All the kingdoms in the [[Known World]] that have signed the '''White Scarf Treaty''' acknowledge the equivalency of [[order]] members from outside their [[realm]]. The Order of the White Scarf is the only massively inter-kingdom order.<br />
<br />
The [[title]] commonly used is ''[[Don]]'' or ''[[Don|Donna/Doña]]'', but this may also used by any [[armiger]] as an alternative to [[Lord]] or [[Lady]]. In White Scarf Kingdoms and especially in the fencing communities of White Scarf Kingdoms, the title is reserved by [[tradition]] for White Scarves. <br />
<br />
The Order of the White Scarf was originally created as an award in the [[Principality]] of [[Ansteorra]] in March of A.S. XIII (1979). It was intended to provide recognition for excellence in the growing population of rapier fighters in the principality. When Ansteorra became a kingdom in May of A.S. XIV, the order was released from the parent kingdom of [[Atenveldt]] to Ansteorra for its continued use.<br />
<br />
White Scarves sometimes take new fighters under their wing. While names for these fighters vary they are most commonly referred to as [[Cadet]]s and perform much the same function for their White Scarf as a [[Squire]] does to a [[Knight]]. Cadets commonly wear a [[red]] scarf, depending on which Kingdom they are in, as a [[symbol]] of their position.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==White Scarf Treaty==<br />
<br />
The White Scarf Treaty is a unique document in the SCA, and the Order of the White Scarf is likewise a unique entity. The treaty was originally signed in 1987 between the Outlands and Ansteorra. The text of that document is here: http://www.avigne.org/sca/ws/treaty.shtml<br />
<br />
At its most legalistic, the Treaty allows names and heraldry that might otherwise conflict to be registered. (Further elaboration or comment from the SCA College of Heralds would be welcome here.) The central feature of the treaty, however, is the clause which establishes equivalence between the orders across kingdom lines. The treaty is sometimes even called a treaty of equivalence.<br />
<br />
What this means is that, unique among SCA awards, the White Scarf is recognized in multiple kingdoms without being recognized SCA wide by the [[Corporate]] documents (as are Awards, Grants and Patents of Arms, and Peerages both bestowed and royal.) Thus a member of the White Scarf of Ansteorra who moves to the Outlands is treated as a member of the order in the Outlands, and vice-versa. The same holds true of all White Scarf kingdoms.<br />
<br />
With the creation of the [[Order of Defense]] in [[2015]], some kingdoms (e.g. [[Lochac]]) chose to close their Order of the White Scarf to any new members, but still recognised existing members and maintained upholding the treaty.<br />
<br />
Some of the information off this link is outdated: http://www.realtime.net/~otto/handbook/wstreaty.html<br />
<br />
The White Scarf Kingdoms are, in order:<br />
#[[Ansteorra]]<br />
#[[Outlands]]<br />
#[[Trimaris]]<br />
#[[Atenveldt]]<br />
#[[An Tir]]<br />
#[[Atlantia]]<br />
#[[Caid]]<br />
#[[AEthelmearc]]<br />
#[[Artemisia]]<br />
#[[Lochac]]<br />
#[[Northshield]]<br />
#[[Kingdom of the West]]* <br />
<br />
''* The Kingdom of the West did not actually sign the treaty but has functionally equivalent agreements in place.''<br />
<br />
==Other Fencing Awards==<br />
Not all Kingdoms have signed the White Scarf Treaty. However, Kingdoms may have awards for fencing which are independent orders like any other Kingdom award; White Scarf Kingdoms may also have other awards for fencing or rapier combat.<br />
<br />
Orders that carry a [[Grant of Arms]] <br />
*The [[Bronze Ring]] in the [[Middle Kingdom]] <br />
*The [[Dragons Steel]] in [[Drachenwald]]<br />
*The [[Order of Thorbjorn's Hammer]] in [[Ealdormere]] (Awarded for Excellence, etc., in ANY Ealdormerean martial discipline)<br />
*The [[Order of the Queen's Blade]] in [[Gleann Abhann]]<br />
<br />
Orders that carry an [[Award of Arms]]<br />
*The [[Order of the Golden Rapier]] (OGR) in the [[East Kingdom]] (note that the East has no [[Grant of Arms|Grant Level Awards]])<br />
*The [[Meridian Order of the Blade]] in [[Meridies]]<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<br />
* http://www.avigne.org/sca/ws - [[Outlands]] White Scarf page<br />
* http://moondragon.info - history and commentary on SCA fencing by [[Don]] Tivar Moondragon<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defence&diff=51571Order of Defence2015-04-18T09:52:47Z<p>Cian: redirect</p>
<hr />
<div>#redirect [[Order of Defense]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51570Order of Defense2015-04-18T09:52:06Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' (aka '''Order of Defence''') is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== Heraldry and Regalia ==<br />
<br />
The [[device]] proposed on Feb 2, 2015, for the order by the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] is a [[badge]]:<br />
<br />
:''([[Tinctureless]]) Three [[rapier]]s [[in pall]] [[inverted]] tips [[crossed]]''<br />
<br />
The Laurel also proposed a change in spelling of the [[name]] to the ''Order of Defence''.<br />
<br />
The proposed [[regalia]] for the order is:<br />
<br />
:''([[Fieldless]]) A white [[livery]] [[collar]], bearing the badge of the Order of Defence''<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial peerage order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
* http://oscar.sca.org/index.php?action=100&loi=2915 - Feb 2, 2015, heraldic proposal for the badge, name and regalia<br />
* http://heraldry.sca.org/loar/2015/04s/15-04SPECIALlar.html - April 2015, heraldric commentary <br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Polling_order&diff=51536Polling order2015-04-03T03:45:05Z<p>Cian: add Order of Defense</p>
<hr />
<div>In the [[SCA]] a '''polling order''' is an [[order]] into which admission is recommended by its membership. The [[Order of the Laurel]], [[Order of the Pelican]], [[Order of Chivalry]] and [[Order of Defense]] are all polling orders, however the [[Crown]] ultimately has final say as to who is and is not admitted.<br />
<br />
Various kingdoms have other awards which are designated as polling orders. Notably, the [[White Scarf]] is a polling order.<br />
<br />
[[category:Awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Peer&diff=51535Peer2015-04-03T03:44:25Z<p>Cian: add Order of Defense</p>
<hr />
<div>A '''peer''' in the [[SCA]] is a person who has received a [[Patent of Arms]] (with a few possible exceptions for ''some'' [[Royal Peer]]s.) They are not necessarily enrolled in an [[order]] of peerage, but enrollment is usually the norm.<br />
<br />
For many years, there are three polling peerage orders (the '''Great Orders of Peerage'''): [[Order of the Laurel]], [[Order of Chivalry]], [[Order of the Pelican]] - aka [[Laurel]]s, [[Knight]]s/[[Master of arms | Masters of Arms]], and [[Pelican]]s. The fourth order, the [[Order of Defense]], was added in [[2015]]. In some kingdoms, the [[Order of the Rose]] is a polling order, but is not generally considered one of the Great Orders.<br />
<br />
A ''[[triple peer]]'' is a person who holds membership in the three of the Great Orders: Chivalry, Laurel and Pelican. A double peer, obviously enough, is one who holds membership in two of the orders.<br />
<br />
There are also Royal Peers, who receive their [[Patent of Arms]] in return for time spent on the throne. [[Royal Peers]] appear above other peers in the [[Order of Precedence]]. <br />
<br />
In some Kingdoms, such as the [[Middle]] and [[Ansteorra]], Patents of Arms do not automatically accompany the Royal Peerages. What effect this has is uncertain, since it does not actually affect the [[Order of Precedence]]. Some Kingdoms do not give out any Royal Patents, some do on a case-by-case basis.<br />
<br />
All Peers are expected to be the role models in the [[SCA]], upholding the values of [[chivalry]] and committing themselves to service to the realm.<br />
[[category:SCAism]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Victoria&diff=51410Victoria2015-02-23T12:06:42Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Victoria''' is a state of [[Australia]], with the capital city [[Melbourne]].<br />
<br />
== The SCA in Victoria ==<br />
<br />
In the [[SCA]], there are many branches within Victoria. They are all part of the [[Kingdom of Lochac]].<br />
<br />
Within Melbourne:<br />
* [[Barony of Stormhold]]<br />
** [[College of St Bartholomew]]<br />
* [[Barony of Krae Glas]]<br />
** [[College of St Monica]]<br />
<br />
Outside Melbourne:<br />
* [[Canton of Cairnfell]] (part of Stormhold)<br />
* Proposed Canton of [[Iseldir]] (part of Krae Glas)<br />
* [[Shire of Bordescros]]<br />
<br />
Inactive or closed branches<br />
* [[College of St Cecilia]] (Latrobe University)<br />
* [[Canton of Dubh Thrian]] (West Melbourne)<br />
* [[Shire of Arrowsreach]] (NE Melbourne)<br />
* Shire of Lyos (Central Victoria)<br />
<br />
[[category:places]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Victoria&diff=51409Victoria2015-02-23T12:05:42Z<p>Cian: update</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Victoria''' is a state of [[Australia]], with the capital city [[Melbourne]].<br />
<br />
In the [[SCA]], there are many branches within Victoria. They are all part of the [[Kingdom of Lochac]].<br />
<br />
Within Melbourne:<br />
* [[Barony of Stormhold]]<br />
** [[College of St Bartholomew]]<br />
* [[Barony of Krae Glas]]<br />
** [[College of St Monica]]<br />
<br />
Outside Melbourne:<br />
* [[Canton of Cairnfell]] (part of Stormhold)<br />
* Proposed Canton of [[Iseldir]] (part of Krae Glas)<br />
* [[Shire of Bordescros]]<br />
<br />
Inactive or closed branches<br />
* [[College of St Cecilia]] (Latrobe University)<br />
* [[Canton of Dubh Thrian]] (West Melbourne)<br />
* [[Shire of Arrowsreach]] (NE Melbourne)<br />
* Shire of Lyos (Central Victoria)<br />
<br />
[[category:places]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Tinctureless&diff=51382Tinctureless2015-02-11T11:46:43Z<p>Cian: Created page with "In heraldry, a charge is described as '''tinctureless''' when it has no tincture. This is not the same as a charge being proper or a badge or device be..."</p>
<hr />
<div>In [[heraldry]], a [[charge]] is described as '''tinctureless''' when it has no [[tincture]]. This is not the same as a charge being [[proper]] or a [[badge]] or [[device]] being [[fieldless]].<br />
<br />
[[category:heraldry]][[category:device heraldry]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Fieldless&diff=51381Fieldless2015-02-11T05:23:16Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Fieldless''' is a term used in [[SCA]] [[heraldry]] to denote a [[charge]] which is to be displayed on its own, without [[field|background colouring]].<br />
<br />
Often, this is used for [[household]] [[badge]]s, although [[populace badge of Ealdormere|some groups maintain fieldless badges]] of their own.<br />
<br />
[[category:heraldry]][[category:device heraldry]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=In_pall&diff=51380In pall2015-02-11T05:22:52Z<p>Cian: Created page with "In heraldry, '''in pall''' refers to the arrangement of three or more charges in a manner similar to the pall ordinary. category: heraldrycategory:devic..."</p>
<hr />
<div>In [[heraldry]], '''in pall''' refers to the arrangement of three or more [[charge]]s in a manner similar to the [[pall]] [[ordinary]].<br />
<br />
[[category: heraldry]][[category:device heraldry]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51379Order of Defense2015-02-10T00:35:36Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== Heraldry and Regalia ==<br />
<br />
The [[device]] proposed on Feb 2, 2015, for the order by the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] is a [[badge]]:<br />
<br />
:''([[Tinctureless]]) Three [[rapier]]s [[in pall]] [[inverted]] tips [[crossed]]''<br />
<br />
The Laurel also proposed a change in spelling of the [[name]] to the ''Order of Defence''.<br />
<br />
The proposed [[regalia]] for the order is;<br />
<br />
:''([[Fieldless]]) A white [[livery]] [[collar]], bearing the badge of the Order of Defence''<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial peerage order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
* http://oscar.sca.org/index.php?action=100&loi=2915 - Feb 2, 2015, heraldic proposal for the badge, name and regalia<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51378Order of Defense2015-02-10T00:35:14Z<p>Cian: add reference</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== Heraldry and Regalia ==<br />
<br />
The [[device]] proposed on Feb 2, 2015, for the order by the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] is a [[badge]]:<br />
<br />
:''([[Tinctureless]]) Three [[rapier]]s [[in pall]] [[inverted]] tips [[crossed]]''<br />
<br />
The Laurel also proposed a change in spelling of the [[name]] to the ''Order of Defence''.<br />
<br />
The proposed [[regalia]] for the order is;<br />
<br />
:''([[Fieldless]]) A white [[livery]] [[collar]], bearing the badge of the Order of Defence''<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial peerage order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
* http://oscar.sca.org/index.php?action=100&loi=2915 - Feb 2, 2015, heraldric proposal for the badge, name and regalia<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51377Order of Defense2015-02-10T00:13:42Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== Heraldry and Regalia ==<br />
<br />
The [[device]] proposed on Feb 2, 2015, for the order by the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] is a [[badge]]:<br />
<br />
:''([[Tinctureless]]) Three [[rapier]]s [[in pall]] [[inverted]] tips [[crossed]]''<br />
<br />
The Laurel also proposed a change in spelling of the [[name]] to the ''Order of Defence''.<br />
<br />
The proposed [[regalia]] for the order is;<br />
<br />
:''([[Fieldless]]) A white [[livery]] [[collar]], bearing the badge of the Order of Defence''<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial peerage order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51376Order of Defense2015-02-10T00:13:19Z<p>Cian: add heraldry and regalia</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== Herladry and Regalia ==<br />
<br />
The [[device]] proposed on Feb 2, 2015, for the order by the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] is a [[badge]]:<br />
<br />
:''([[Tinctureless]]) Three [[rapier]]s [[in pall]] [[inverted]] tips [[crossed]]''<br />
<br />
The Laurel also proposed a change in spelling of the [[name]] to the ''Order of Defence''.<br />
<br />
The proposed [[regalia]] for the order is;<br />
<br />
:''([[Fieldless]]) A white [[livery]] [[collar]], bearing the badge of the Order of Defence''<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial peerage order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51374Order of Defense2015-02-09T03:25:29Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial peerage order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51371Order of Defense2015-02-08T11:50:12Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial art. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Order_of_Defense&diff=51370Order of Defense2015-02-08T11:46:47Z<p>Cian: Created page with "The '''Order of Defense''' is an SCA polling order of peerage that rewards members for their prowess in SCA rapier and cut and thrust combat, commonly..."</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Order of Defense''' is an [[SCA]] [[polling order]] of [[peerage]] that rewards members for their prowess in SCA [[rapier]] and [[cut and thrust]] [[combat]], commonly termed as SCA [[fencing]].<br />
<br />
== History ==<br />
<br />
In [[2014]], the SCA [[Board of Directors]] conducted a survey amongst SCA [[member]]s relating to various proposals on new SCA-wide martial-based [[award]]s. This included whether fencing should be included within the martial skills considered for new members of the [[Order of Chivalry]] or whether a new [[peerage]] should be created for fencing or any other non-rattan martial [[weapon]]. On Jan 17, [[2015]], they announced that fencing could no longer be considered an ancillary activity in the SCA, but fencing was not a valid path to the Order of the Chivalry. Nor would they create an additional "non-rattan" martial order.<br />
<br />
On Feb 2, 2015, the [[BOD]] approved the creation of the Order of Defense and asked the [[Laurel Sovereign of Arms]] to register a name and device for the order. The SCA [[corpora]] still needed to be altered. The intention was for the order to be started on May 1, 2015.<br />
<br />
== External links ==<br />
<br />
* http://sca.org/BOD/announcements/rapierpeerage.html - Jan 17, 2015, BOD announcement disapproving fencing being included in any martial order. <br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/advisory-opinion-regarding-the-possible-inclusion-of-non-rattan-fighters-into-the-order-of-the-chivalry/ - Jan 29, 2015, BOD announcement about non-rattan combatants and the Order of Chivalry<br />
* http://socsen.sca.org/creation-of-the-order-of-defense/ - Feb 2, 2015, BOD announcement creating the order.<br />
<br />
<br />
[[category:SCAism]][[category:awards]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Fencing&diff=51369Fencing2015-02-08T11:13:40Z<p>Cian: Add Order of Defense</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Fencing''' (the Art of Defence, Rapier Combat, Period Fencing, Light Combat - the term used varies a great deal from place to place) is a form of [[sword]]-fighting that became popular in late [[period]]. With the rise of the [[musket]], heavy [[Plate Armour|plate armour]] became almost useless and was shed by some in exchange for light [[armour]] and light [[weapon]]ry such as the [[rapier]] - which were quick and effective (in civilian situations).<br />
<br />
<br />
==Fencing in the SCA==<br />
===Overview===<br />
In 1979 the [[Society for Creative Anachronism]] ([[SCA]]) introduced [[rapier]] rules, allowing [[fencing]] within the organization. Since that time, fencing has gained a significant following in the SCA and tournaments with over one hundred competitors are not uncommon at larger events. The ultimate goal of SCA fencing as stated by the rules is to safely simulate fencing "with a real blade, extremely sharp on point and edge." Fencing is an active part of every [[kingdom]] in the SCA except for the Kingdom of [[Calontir]]. In February 2015, the [[Order of Defense]] was approved by the SCA [[Board of Directors]] to be added as a new SCA [[peerage]].<br />
<br />
SCA fencing usually entails bouts between a pair of combatants but the rules also allow competition between groups of fencers. "Battles" with over one hundred fencers on each side are common at large gatherings.<br />
<br />
===Rules===<br />
As fencing in the SCA is intended to be first and foremost fun, safety is the primary concern. All fencing practices and tournaments in the SCA are run by fencing marshals who are warranted to watch for unsafe behavior, inspect equipment, and authorize others to fence. The authorization process includes a test of knowledge of fencing rules and bouts fought with previously authorized fencers under the marshal's supervision; the goal is to not to prove the fencer's ability to win bouts, but his or her ability to participate safely and courteously in both tournaments and casual sparring. No fencer may compete in an SCA tournament until he or she has passed authorization.<br />
<br />
*[http://www.sca.org/officers/marshal/combat/rapier/index.html The SCA's rapier rules]<br />
<br />
====The Fencing List Field====<br />
SCA fencing is conducted "in-the-round," rather than back and forth on a linear strip as in conventional sport fencing. The fencers may move freely within a designated fighting space called the "list field". These fields may be any size and are often outdoors.<br />
<br />
====Valid Attacks====<br />
As in sport [[epee|épée]], the entire body is considered a valid target, and priority (right-of-way) plays no part in the rules. <br />
<br />
Both the point and edge of the blade may score touches. <br />
<br />
The point is used primarily for thrusts, naturally. However, in some [[Kingdom]]s, '''tip-cuts''' are valid. Tip-cuts are made by dragging the tip across the target area without the forward pressure required for a thrust.<br />
<br />
The edge is used for draw-cuts (placing the blade and pulling it on the opponent's body), push-cuts (the same, only pushing rather than pulling), and percussive blows with the edge of the blade. Percussive blows are only legal under the "cut and thrust rapier" rules.<br />
<br />
The rules defining a valid blow vary from kingdom (region) to kingdom, and are set by the kingdom's marshalate. Before competing against fencers from other kingdoms, rules and attack calibrations must be discussed and the rules of the encounter chosen in order to ensure a fair and courteous contest. The SCA provides a common set of rules governing all fencing within the SCA and these are often used as the standard in multi-kingdom gatherings. Kingdoms are allowed to make their own rules more restrictive but may not relax any restrictions outlined in the SCA's rapier combat rules.<br />
<br />
Within the SCA, it is the responsibility of the fencer being hit to acknowledge a valid attack from the opponent. The SCA does not use fencing directors or judges. The fighting is overseen by a marshal who monitors the bout for safety and who can provide an "extra pair of eyes," if so requested by the fencers. The marshal has the ability to warn or remove a fighter from the bout for safety or other rules violations and may stop the bout at any time.<br />
<br />
Bouts usually continue until one fighter strikes a "fatal" blow. A fighter may also yield (concede victory to the opponent) at any time during the bout. A "fatal" blow is defined as a valid attack to the head, torso, or major artery. <br />
<br />
Attacks to the legs or arms are considered "disabling". A disabled fencer loses the use of the disabled limb. If a fencer loses both hands or arms, they must yield the bout.<br />
<br />
====Gear====<br />
=====Protective Gear=====<br />
Participants generally cannot wear the protective gear of conventional sport fencing as it often does not pass the SCA safety requirements. This is because conventional sport protective gear is designed to protect the front of the body and uses lighter material on the back whereas SCA safety standards require equal protection on the front and back of the torso.<br />
<br />
======Masks, Helmets, and Rigid Protection======<br />
SCA fencers wear a mask that will withstand a 12 kilo punch test or the equivalent. Steel recreations of late period helmets have also been used. Gaps that might permit a blade are filled with perforated steel plates.<br />
<br />
A male fencer is required to wear a [[jockstrap|protective cup]] (UK: box). Rigid breast protection is encouraged for female fencers.<br />
<br />
When using heavy rapiers fencers are required to protect the throat with a gorget (protective collar) of either steel or thick leather.<br />
<br />
======Body Protection======<br />
An SCA fencer is not allowed to show any bare skin when entering the list field. The torso, head, neck, and groin must be covered by "puncture-resistant" material (4 oz or 110 g leather, four layers of trigger cloth, or the equivalent). To protect the back of the head a fencer must wear a fencing coif or hood of "puncture-resistant" material covering all of the head not covered by the fencing mask itself. "Puncture-resistant" material must pass either a commercial 550 [[newton]] garment punch test devices or a standardized SCA test device designed to deliver 1.5 [[joule]]s of energy to a 4 mm circle.<br />
<br />
The extremities are protected by "abrasion-resistant" (one layer of trigger cloth or the equivalent thereof) material.<br />
<br />
The hands are protected by gloves of at least "abrasion-resistant" material. <br />
<br />
Feet shall be protected by boots, shoes, or sandals, comprised of at<br />
least "abrasion-resistant" material. In many kingdoms, footwear must completely enclose the foot; in some, such as the Midrealm, boots above the ankle are required.<br />
<br />
=====Blades=====<br />
The SCA allows a wide variety of different blades. Each kingdom sets its own rules regarding which types of blades are or are not legal. The length of a blade is not regulated, but "heavy rapiers" may not be used in the same bouts as epees and foils.<br />
<br />
The Society as a whole is moving towards the use of "heavy rapiers" (originally with schlagers but now more commonly with reproduction practice rapiers), usually tipped with an archery blunt. Everything from French foil and epée grips with theatrical ambidextrous bells to period swept-hilts and early post-period cup rapier hilts are seen. The more period hilts are greatly preferred and there is a general movement towards more accurate weapon simulators. Foils and épées, being too light (less than 1.5 pounds, as opposed to the approximately 2.5 to 5 pounds of period rapiers and cut-and-thrust swords) and too easily broken for even semi-period technique, are gradually being abandoned.<br />
<br />
Although common in period, rapier hilts that are likely to catch, break or damage an opponent's blade are forbidden.<br />
<br />
Some of the most common blade types are listed below:<br />
<br />
======Light Rapier Blades======<br />
* Foil<br />
* Épée<br />
* Fiberglass blades<br />
<br />
======Heavy Rapier Blades======<br />
* [[Schlager]]<br />
* Del Tin Rapier<br />
* Hanwei Rapier<br />
* Darkwood Rapier<br />
<br />
=====Daggers=====<br />
In SCA fencing, the dagger may be employed for offensive, as well as defensive, purposes.<br />
<br />
Daggers may both thrust and cut. Although the dagger is most commonly carried in the off-hand and employed primarily as a parrying implement, bouts between dagger-armed fencers are far from unknown.<br />
<br />
=====Case of Rapiers=====<br />
The SCA also allows fencers the option of fighting with a case (pair) of rapiers (often shortened to "case"). The off-hand rapier may be employed for both offensive and defensive purposes. Although a powerful combination in the hands of a skilled fencer, case of rapiers is perhaps the most difficult style of SCA fencing to master. This style is also called [[Florentine]].<br />
<br />
=====Parrying Devices=====<br />
Parrying devices are items used to block or deflect the opponent's weapon or parrying device. In some kingdoms they are categorised as either "rigid parry" or "non-rigid parry" devices, and require two separate [[authorisation]]s.<br />
<br />
As with weapons and protective gear, parrying devices must also be inspected and approved by marshals before they may be used.<br />
======Rigid Parry======<br />
The use of a [[shield]], [[buckler]], or target in the off hand is allowed by SCA rapier rules. Some groups restrict the size of the shield. The [[period]] use of the [[shield]] or [[buckler]] as an offensive weapon is forbidden.<br />
<br />
Aside from [[buckler]]s and [[shield]]s, common rigid parrying devices include batons, canes, scabbards and soft-blades boarding [[axe]]s.<br />
<!-- not sure yet if bucklers are proof against RBGs shot--><br />
======Non-Rigid Parry======<br />
Sometimes informally called "floppy parry".<br />
<br />
The cloak or cape is often [[Companion weapon|used in the off-hand to parry]] or beat away blades. Other common non-rigid devices include hats, coiled whips, and "quick-release" skirts. Items that may consistently cause entanglement with an opponent or their gear (such as fishing nets, scourges) are not allowed.<br />
<br />
Unsafe period techniques such as throwing the cloak in the opponent's face are forbidden.<br />
<br />
If a cloak blocks a rubberband shot, it is still not [[proof]] against [[firearms|"bullets"]]. The shot is deemed to have passed unimpeded through the cloak, and into any part of the targeted fencer that happens to be in the projected path of the shot.<br />
<br />
======Miscellaneous======<br />
Fencers have been known to take the field carrying large tankards (usually plastic), rubber "bread loaves", candelabra, "joints of beef", and numerous other [http://www.florilegium.org/files/COMBAT-RAPIER/SPD-msg.html "silly parrying devices"]. At [[inspection]] time they must (depending on the [[Kingdom]]-level rules) be determined to be either rigid or non-rigid devices, particularly if a fencer is [[authorisation|authorised]] in one form but not in the other. Some [[Kingdom]]s, like [[Lochac]], do not make the distinction. The [[SCA]] and the rules provide the [[marshal|marshallate]] with a great deal of flexibility. Although it is not usually stated specifically in the rules, parrying devices must at least simulate the appearance of a [[period]] object.<br />
<br />
Pistol simulators may also be used as off-hand rigid parrying devices once their single rubberband projectile has been fired.<br />
<br />
As in the case of the buckler, all defensive offhand items are prohibited from striking any part of the opponent's body.<br />
<br />
====Competitions and Format====<br />
=====Tournaments=====<br />
SCA tournaments are usually conducted in rounds with winners of each round advancing towards the finals. <br />
<br />
Some common tournament formats are:<br />
* Single or Double elimination <br />
* Swiss five<br />
* Passe de Armes<br />
* Scenarios (including group combat, terrain, obstacles, and more)<br />
<br />
=====Mêlées=====<br />
Mêlées between groups of fencers often take place at SCA events; these can be merely mock-brawls between disorganized "factions," but sophisticated small unit tactics are often seen. At [[Pennsic]] or the Gulf War it is not unknown for more than two hundred fencers to take the field for a "battle".<br />
<br />
The SCA also allows simulations of period firearms to be used under certain conditions in fencing mêlées. <br />
<br />
These simulations fire large "rubber bands" made of surgical tubing looped around and securely joined. "Wheellock" pistols are most common, but muskets are not unknown.<br />
<br />
This ammunition has enough mass to allow the target to feel its impact through fencing armor, but is light enough to prevent injury. Some SCA fencers have even built light cannon firing as many as fourteen rubber bands at a single shot, thus simulating the effects of grape shot.<br />
<br />
===History===<br />
The first set of SCA fencing rules was published in the Kingdom of Ansteorra by Tivar Moondragon. Tivar is the premier member of the Order of the [[White Scarf]] of [[Ansteorra]] which was created in March of 1979, and therefore the first White Scarf in the [[Known World]]. Please note, that not every Kingdom has signed the White Scarf Treaty - nevertheless there's fencing in all SCA Kingdoms except [[Calontir]].<br />
<br />
'''SCA Fencing Timeline'''<br />
* May 1, 1966 - The SCA is founded in Berkeley, California.<br />
* March 1979 - The Kingdom of [[Ansteorra]] creates the Order of the White Scarf.<br />
* October 1987 - The Kingdom of the [[Outlands]] signs a treaty to create an Order of the White Scarf.<br />
* June 1992 - The Kingdom of the [[Trimaris]] signs the [[White Scarf Treaty]].<br />
* Spring 1994 - [[Atenveldt]] and [[An Tir]] Sign the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* January 1996 - [[Atlantia]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* November 1996 - [[Caid]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* October 1997 - [[Æthelmearc]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* January 1998 - [[Artemisia]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* July 2002 - [[Lochac]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* October 2004 - [[Northshield]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* January 21, 2006 - The SCA Board of Directors approves new rapier rules including percussive cuts for "cut and thrust" rapier.<br />
* March 25, 2007 - The West Kingdom hosts its first kingdom rapier championship and creates an Order of the White Scarf.<br />
* Feb 2, 2014 - The SCA Board approves the creation of the [[Order of Defense]].<br />
<br />
===Fencing Titles and Awards===<br />
There are many different awards for fencing within the Society.<br />
<br />
====Interkingdom Awards====<br />
* The [[Order of Defense]] - A peerage for prowess in rapier and [[cut and thrust]].<br />
* [[Laurel|The Order of the Laurel]] - Some fencers have been elevated to the Order of the Laurel for research into historical fencing technique.<br />
* [[White Scarf|The Order of the White Scarf]] - The White Scarf is an interkingdom award recognizing excellence in SCA fencing. It is recognized by treaty in 12 of the 19 kingdoms within the SCA.<br />
<br />
====Kingdom Awards====<br />
Not all Kingdoms have signed the White Scarf Treaty. However, many Kingdoms have awards for fencing which are independent orders, just as any other Kingdom award.<br />
<br />
Orders that carry a [[Grant of Arms]] <br />
*The [[Bronze Ring]] in the [[Middle Kingdom]] <br />
*The [[Dragons Steel]] in [[Drachenwald]]<br />
*The [[Royal Company of Courtiers]] in the [[West Kingdom]] (CLOSED)<br />
*The [[Order of Thorbjorn's Hammer]] in [[Ealdormere]] (Awarded for Excellence, etc., in ANY Ealdormerean martial discipline)<br />
*The [[Order of the Queen's Blade]] in [[Gleann Abhann]]<br />
<br />
Orders that carry an [[Award of Arms]]<br />
*The [[Order of the Golden Rapier]] (OGR) in the [[East Kingdom]] (note that the East has no [[Grant of Arms|Grant Level Awards]])<br />
*The [[Meridian Order of the Blade]] in [[Meridies]]<br />
<br />
===Cut and Thrust Swordplay===<br />
Not long ago, an experimental project began with the goal of legalizing percussive cutting actions in some forms of SCA rapier combat. This style was known as [[cut and thrust]]. Percussive cuts allow fencers to accurately recreate a broader range of the techniques discussed in late period (1500-1600) manuals. This experiment was halted pending review by the SCA's Board of Directors and was approved for permanent addition to the rules in January of 2006. <br />
<br />
===[[Historical Fencing]] and the SCA===<br />
Along with their practice of fencing, many SCA fencers also study period fencing manuals such as those by [[Capo Ferro]], [[di Grassi]], [[Camillo Agrippa]], and [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza|Carranza]]. However, the safety rules and weapon simulators used by SCA fencers prevent many of the concepts in period manuals being implemented. This is not necessarily a criticism; the need to maintain a fun atmosphere, minimize the cost of equipment, and encourage fencers to continue participating in the SCA makes it impossible to demand the level of training needed to safely practice true period technique, as done by stricter historical fencing groups.<br />
<br />
===Criticism===<br />
==== Adjudication of Wounds ====<br />
===== Disabling limbs =====<br />
Fencers in other groups have argued that the SCA's system for wounding and disabling legs is an unrealistic portrayal of combat.[http://www.thearma.org/essays/kneel.htm]<br />
<br />
===== Acknowledging blows =====<br />
It is possible within the SCA's rules to refuse to acknowledge a valid hit in order to win a bout. This occurs often enough that the slang term "[[Rhino|Rhinohide]]" is used to describe an SCA combatant who fails to accept a valid attack. In extreme or obvious cases, a marshal can warn the offending fighter or remove him or her from the tournament. In some rare cases, repeat offenders have had their fighting privileges temporarily or even permanently revoked.<br />
<br />
==== Historical Accuracy ====<br />
SCA fencing has been criticized for not accurately recreating the art of fence as practised during the stated pre-1600 period.<br />
<br />
====Draw cuts====<br />
Some fencers argue that draw cuts are not martially sound techniques and make cutting a ''due tempi'' ("double time") action, whereas a percussive cutting action would be in ''stesso tempo'' ("single time").<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
====SCA Rules and Information====<br />
*[http://www.sca.org/ The official website of the SCA]<br />
*[http://www.sca.org/officers/marshal/combat/rapier/index.html The SCA's rapier rules]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Combat]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Fencing&diff=51366Fencing2015-02-08T09:46:20Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''Fencing''' (the Art of Defence, Rapier Combat, Period Fencing, Light Combat - the term used varies a great deal from place to place) is a form of [[sword]]-fighting that became popular in late [[period]]. With the rise of the [[musket]], heavy [[Plate Armour|plate armour]] became almost useless and was shed by some in exchange for light [[armour]] and light [[weapon]]ry such as the [[rapier]] - which were quick and effective (in civilian situations).<br />
<br />
<br />
==Fencing in the SCA==<br />
===Overview===<br />
In 1979 the [[Society for Creative Anachronism]] ([[SCA]]) introduced [[rapier]] rules, allowing [[fencing]] within the organization. Since that time, fencing has gained a significant following in the SCA and tournaments with over one hundred competitors are not uncommon at larger events. The ultimate goal of SCA fencing as stated by the rules is to safely simulate fencing "with a real blade, extremely sharp on point and edge." Fencing is an active part of every [[kingdom]] in the SCA except for the Kingdom of [[Calontir]]. In February 2015, the [[Order of Defence]] was approved by the SCA [[Board of Directors]] to be added as a new SCA [[peerage]].<br />
<br />
SCA fencing usually entails bouts between a pair of combatants but the rules also allow competition between groups of fencers. "Battles" with over one hundred fencers on each side are common at large gatherings.<br />
<br />
===Rules===<br />
As fencing in the SCA is intended to be first and foremost fun, safety is the primary concern. All fencing practices and tournaments in the SCA are run by fencing marshals who are warranted to watch for unsafe behavior, inspect equipment, and authorize others to fence. The authorization process includes a test of knowledge of fencing rules and bouts fought with previously authorized fencers under the marshal's supervision; the goal is to not to prove the fencer's ability to win bouts, but his or her ability to participate safely and courteously in both tournaments and casual sparring. No fencer may compete in an SCA tournament until he or she has passed authorization.<br />
<br />
*[http://www.sca.org/officers/marshal/combat/rapier/index.html The SCA's rapier rules]<br />
<br />
====The Fencing List Field====<br />
SCA fencing is conducted "in-the-round," rather than back and forth on a linear strip as in conventional sport fencing. The fencers may move freely within a designated fighting space called the "list field". These fields may be any size and are often outdoors.<br />
<br />
====Valid Attacks====<br />
As in sport [[epee|épée]], the entire body is considered a valid target, and priority (right-of-way) plays no part in the rules. <br />
<br />
Both the point and edge of the blade may score touches. <br />
<br />
The point is used primarily for thrusts, naturally. However, in some [[Kingdom]]s, '''tip-cuts''' are valid. Tip-cuts are made by dragging the tip across the target area without the forward pressure required for a thrust.<br />
<br />
The edge is used for draw-cuts (placing the blade and pulling it on the opponent's body), push-cuts (the same, only pushing rather than pulling), and percussive blows with the edge of the blade. Percussive blows are only legal under the "cut and thrust rapier" rules.<br />
<br />
The rules defining a valid blow vary from kingdom (region) to kingdom, and are set by the kingdom's marshalate. Before competing against fencers from other kingdoms, rules and attack calibrations must be discussed and the rules of the encounter chosen in order to ensure a fair and courteous contest. The SCA provides a common set of rules governing all fencing within the SCA and these are often used as the standard in multi-kingdom gatherings. Kingdoms are allowed to make their own rules more restrictive but may not relax any restrictions outlined in the SCA's rapier combat rules.<br />
<br />
Within the SCA, it is the responsibility of the fencer being hit to acknowledge a valid attack from the opponent. The SCA does not use fencing directors or judges. The fighting is overseen by a marshal who monitors the bout for safety and who can provide an "extra pair of eyes," if so requested by the fencers. The marshal has the ability to warn or remove a fighter from the bout for safety or other rules violations and may stop the bout at any time.<br />
<br />
Bouts usually continue until one fighter strikes a "fatal" blow. A fighter may also yield (concede victory to the opponent) at any time during the bout. A "fatal" blow is defined as a valid attack to the head, torso, or major artery. <br />
<br />
Attacks to the legs or arms are considered "disabling". A disabled fencer loses the use of the disabled limb. If a fencer loses both hands or arms, they must yield the bout.<br />
<br />
====Gear====<br />
=====Protective Gear=====<br />
Participants generally cannot wear the protective gear of conventional sport fencing as it often does not pass the SCA safety requirements. This is because conventional sport protective gear is designed to protect the front of the body and uses lighter material on the back whereas SCA safety standards require equal protection on the front and back of the torso.<br />
<br />
======Masks, Helmets, and Rigid Protection======<br />
SCA fencers wear a mask that will withstand a 12 kilo punch test or the equivalent. Steel recreations of late period helmets have also been used. Gaps that might permit a blade are filled with perforated steel plates.<br />
<br />
A male fencer is required to wear a [[jockstrap|protective cup]] (UK: box). Rigid breast protection is encouraged for female fencers.<br />
<br />
When using heavy rapiers fencers are required to protect the throat with a gorget (protective collar) of either steel or thick leather.<br />
<br />
======Body Protection======<br />
An SCA fencer is not allowed to show any bare skin when entering the list field. The torso, head, neck, and groin must be covered by "puncture-resistant" material (4 oz or 110 g leather, four layers of trigger cloth, or the equivalent). To protect the back of the head a fencer must wear a fencing coif or hood of "puncture-resistant" material covering all of the head not covered by the fencing mask itself. "Puncture-resistant" material must pass either a commercial 550 [[newton]] garment punch test devices or a standardized SCA test device designed to deliver 1.5 [[joule]]s of energy to a 4 mm circle.<br />
<br />
The extremities are protected by "abrasion-resistant" (one layer of trigger cloth or the equivalent thereof) material.<br />
<br />
The hands are protected by gloves of at least "abrasion-resistant" material. <br />
<br />
Feet shall be protected by boots, shoes, or sandals, comprised of at<br />
least "abrasion-resistant" material. In many kingdoms, footwear must completely enclose the foot; in some, such as the Midrealm, boots above the ankle are required.<br />
<br />
=====Blades=====<br />
The SCA allows a wide variety of different blades. Each kingdom sets its own rules regarding which types of blades are or are not legal. The length of a blade is not regulated, but "heavy rapiers" may not be used in the same bouts as epees and foils.<br />
<br />
The Society as a whole is moving towards the use of "heavy rapiers" (originally with schlagers but now more commonly with reproduction practice rapiers), usually tipped with an archery blunt. Everything from French foil and epée grips with theatrical ambidextrous bells to period swept-hilts and early post-period cup rapier hilts are seen. The more period hilts are greatly preferred and there is a general movement towards more accurate weapon simulators. Foils and épées, being too light (less than 1.5 pounds, as opposed to the approximately 2.5 to 5 pounds of period rapiers and cut-and-thrust swords) and too easily broken for even semi-period technique, are gradually being abandoned.<br />
<br />
Although common in period, rapier hilts that are likely to catch, break or damage an opponent's blade are forbidden.<br />
<br />
Some of the most common blade types are listed below:<br />
<br />
======Light Rapier Blades======<br />
* Foil<br />
* Épée<br />
* Fiberglass blades<br />
<br />
======Heavy Rapier Blades======<br />
* [[Schlager]]<br />
* Del Tin Rapier<br />
* Hanwei Rapier<br />
* Darkwood Rapier<br />
<br />
=====Daggers=====<br />
In SCA fencing, the dagger may be employed for offensive, as well as defensive, purposes.<br />
<br />
Daggers may both thrust and cut. Although the dagger is most commonly carried in the off-hand and employed primarily as a parrying implement, bouts between dagger-armed fencers are far from unknown.<br />
<br />
=====Case of Rapiers=====<br />
The SCA also allows fencers the option of fighting with a case (pair) of rapiers (often shortened to "case"). The off-hand rapier may be employed for both offensive and defensive purposes. Although a powerful combination in the hands of a skilled fencer, case of rapiers is perhaps the most difficult style of SCA fencing to master. This style is also called [[Florentine]].<br />
<br />
=====Parrying Devices=====<br />
Parrying devices are items used to block or deflect the opponent's weapon or parrying device. In some kingdoms they are categorised as either "rigid parry" or "non-rigid parry" devices, and require two separate [[authorisation]]s.<br />
<br />
As with weapons and protective gear, parrying devices must also be inspected and approved by marshals before they may be used.<br />
======Rigid Parry======<br />
The use of a [[shield]], [[buckler]], or target in the off hand is allowed by SCA rapier rules. Some groups restrict the size of the shield. The [[period]] use of the [[shield]] or [[buckler]] as an offensive weapon is forbidden.<br />
<br />
Aside from [[buckler]]s and [[shield]]s, common rigid parrying devices include batons, canes, scabbards and soft-blades boarding [[axe]]s.<br />
<!-- not sure yet if bucklers are proof against RBGs shot--><br />
======Non-Rigid Parry======<br />
Sometimes informally called "floppy parry".<br />
<br />
The cloak or cape is often [[Companion weapon|used in the off-hand to parry]] or beat away blades. Other common non-rigid devices include hats, coiled whips, and "quick-release" skirts. Items that may consistently cause entanglement with an opponent or their gear (such as fishing nets, scourges) are not allowed.<br />
<br />
Unsafe period techniques such as throwing the cloak in the opponent's face are forbidden.<br />
<br />
If a cloak blocks a rubberband shot, it is still not [[proof]] against [[firearms|"bullets"]]. The shot is deemed to have passed unimpeded through the cloak, and into any part of the targeted fencer that happens to be in the projected path of the shot.<br />
<br />
======Miscellaneous======<br />
Fencers have been known to take the field carrying large tankards (usually plastic), rubber "bread loaves", candelabra, "joints of beef", and numerous other [http://www.florilegium.org/files/COMBAT-RAPIER/SPD-msg.html "silly parrying devices"]. At [[inspection]] time they must (depending on the [[Kingdom]]-level rules) be determined to be either rigid or non-rigid devices, particularly if a fencer is [[authorisation|authorised]] in one form but not in the other. Some [[Kingdom]]s, like [[Lochac]], do not make the distinction. The [[SCA]] and the rules provide the [[marshal|marshallate]] with a great deal of flexibility. Although it is not usually stated specifically in the rules, parrying devices must at least simulate the appearance of a [[period]] object.<br />
<br />
Pistol simulators may also be used as off-hand rigid parrying devices once their single rubberband projectile has been fired.<br />
<br />
As in the case of the buckler, all defensive offhand items are prohibited from striking any part of the opponent's body.<br />
<br />
====Competitions and Format====<br />
=====Tournaments=====<br />
SCA tournaments are usually conducted in rounds with winners of each round advancing towards the finals. <br />
<br />
Some common tournament formats are:<br />
* Single or Double elimination <br />
* Swiss five<br />
* Passe de Armes<br />
* Scenarios (including group combat, terrain, obstacles, and more)<br />
<br />
=====Mêlées=====<br />
Mêlées between groups of fencers often take place at SCA events; these can be merely mock-brawls between disorganized "factions," but sophisticated small unit tactics are often seen. At [[Pennsic]] or the Gulf War it is not unknown for more than two hundred fencers to take the field for a "battle".<br />
<br />
The SCA also allows simulations of period firearms to be used under certain conditions in fencing mêlées. <br />
<br />
These simulations fire large "rubber bands" made of surgical tubing looped around and securely joined. "Wheellock" pistols are most common, but muskets are not unknown.<br />
<br />
This ammunition has enough mass to allow the target to feel its impact through fencing armor, but is light enough to prevent injury. Some SCA fencers have even built light cannon firing as many as fourteen rubber bands at a single shot, thus simulating the effects of grape shot.<br />
<br />
===History===<br />
The first set of SCA fencing rules was published in the Kingdom of Ansteorra by Tivar Moondragon. Tivar is the premier member of the Order of the [[White Scarf]] of [[Ansteorra]] which was created in March of 1979, and therefore the first White Scarf in the [[Known World]]. Please note, that not every Kingdom has signed the White Scarf Treaty - nevertheless there's fencing in all SCA Kingdoms except [[Calontir]].<br />
<br />
'''SCA Fencing Timeline'''<br />
* May 1, 1966 - The SCA is founded in Berkeley, California.<br />
* March 1979 - The Kingdom of [[Ansteorra]] creates the Order of the White Scarf.<br />
* October 1987 - The Kingdom of the [[Outlands]] signs a treaty to create an Order of the White Scarf.<br />
* June 1992 - The Kingdom of the [[Trimaris]] signs the [[White Scarf Treaty]].<br />
* Spring 1994 - [[Atenveldt]] and [[An Tir]] Sign the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* January 1996 - [[Atlantia]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* November 1996 - [[Caid]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* October 1997 - [[Æthelmearc]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* January 1998 - [[Artemisia]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* July 2002 - [[Lochac]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* October 2004 - [[Northshield]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.<br />
* January 21, 2006 - The SCA Board of Directors approves new rapier rules including percussive cuts for "cut and thrust" rapier.<br />
* March 25, 2007 - The West Kingdom hosts its first kingdom rapier championship and creates an Order of the White Scarf.<br />
<br />
===Fencing Titles and Awards===<br />
There are many different awards for fencing within the Society.<br />
<br />
====Interkingdom Awards====<br />
* [[Laurel|The Order of the Laurel]] - Some fencers have been elevated to the Order of the Laurel for research into historical fencing technique.<br />
* [[White Scarf|The Order of the White Scarf]] - The White Scarf is an interkingdom award recognizing excellence in SCA fencing. It is recognized by treaty in 12 of the 19 kingdoms within the SCA.<br />
<br />
====Kingdom Awards====<br />
Not all Kingdoms have signed the White Scarf Treaty. However, many Kingdoms have awards for fencing which are independent orders, just as any other Kingdom award.<br />
<br />
Orders that carry a [[Grant of Arms]] <br />
*The [[Bronze Ring]] in the [[Middle Kingdom]] <br />
*The [[Dragons Steel]] in [[Drachenwald]]<br />
*The [[Royal Company of Courtiers]] in the [[West Kingdom]] (CLOSED)<br />
*The [[Order of Thorbjorn's Hammer]] in [[Ealdormere]] (Awarded for Excellence, etc., in ANY Ealdormerean martial discipline)<br />
*The [[Order of the Queen's Blade]] in [[Gleann Abhann]]<br />
<br />
Orders that carry an [[Award of Arms]]<br />
*The [[Order of the Golden Rapier]] (OGR) in the [[East Kingdom]] (note that the East has no [[Grant of Arms|Grant Level Awards]])<br />
*The [[Meridian Order of the Blade]] in [[Meridies]]<br />
<br />
===Cut and Thrust Swordplay===<br />
Not long ago, an experimental project began with the goal of legalizing percussive cutting actions in some forms of SCA rapier combat. Percussive cuts allow fencers to accurately recreate a broader range of the techniques discussed in late period (1500-1600) manuals. This experiment was halted pending review by the SCA's Board of Directors and was approved for permanent addition to the rules in January of 2006.<br />
<br />
===[[Historical Fencing]] and the SCA===<br />
Along with their practice of fencing, many SCA fencers also study period fencing manuals such as those by [[Capo Ferro]], [[di Grassi]], [[Camillo Agrippa]], and [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza|Carranza]]. However, the safety rules and weapon simulators used by SCA fencers prevent many of the concepts in period manuals being implemented. This is not necessarily a criticism; the need to maintain a fun atmosphere, minimize the cost of equipment, and encourage fencers to continue participating in the SCA makes it impossible to demand the level of training needed to safely practice true period technique, as done by stricter historical fencing groups.<br />
<br />
===Criticism===<br />
==== Adjudication of Wounds ====<br />
===== Disabling limbs =====<br />
Fencers in other groups have argued that the SCA's system for wounding and disabling legs is an unrealistic portrayal of combat.[http://www.thearma.org/essays/kneel.htm]<br />
<br />
===== Acknowledging blows =====<br />
It is possible within the SCA's rules to refuse to acknowledge a valid hit in order to win a bout. This occurs often enough that the slang term "[[Rhino|Rhinohide]]" is used to describe an SCA combatant who fails to accept a valid attack. In extreme or obvious cases, a marshal can warn the offending fighter or remove him or her from the tournament. In some rare cases, repeat offenders have had their fighting privileges temporarily or even permanently revoked.<br />
<br />
==== Historical Accuracy ====<br />
SCA fencing has been criticized for not accurately recreating the art of fence as practised during the stated pre-1600 period.<br />
<br />
====Draw cuts====<br />
Some fencers argue that draw cuts are not martially sound techniques and make cutting a due tempi ("double time") action, whereas a percussive cutting action would be in stesso tempo ("single time").<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
====SCA Rules and Information====<br />
*[http://www.sca.org/ The official website of the SCA]<br />
*[http://www.sca.org/officers/marshal/combat/rapier/index.html The SCA's rapier rules]<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Combat]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Cunnan:Manual_of_Style&diff=51045Cunnan:Manual of Style2014-11-26T13:36:53Z<p>Cian: /* A Group's Contact Information */ punctuation and cleaning up</p>
<hr />
<div>Remember this is only the current [[Cunnan]] opinion on '''Style'''. If users find it limiting or difficult to use then feel free to make changes!<br />
<br />
The style of articles on [[Cunnan]] is very much up to the editors but, for the most part, articles should be friendly and easy to read. If an article looks like it is becoming long why not split it into smaller sections (e.g. [[Mead]] and [[Brewing Mead]] as opposed to one huge "Mead" article containing all the information)<br />
<br />
== Writing or Editing Articles ==<br />
Be bold in editing articles, but maintain a [[Cunnan:Neutral_point_of_view | neutral point of view]], and have a look a at the [[Cunnan:Most_common_Cunnan_faux_pas | common faux pas]]. While Cunnan has a heavy bias to the SCA, other groups are also represented. So consider this when writing general articles. A good example is [[Combat]] which is mainly SCA combat, with little said about other medieval re-enactment groups.<br />
<br />
When creating a new page, please follow the [[Cunnan:Naming_conventions | Naming conventions]].<br />
<br />
== A Group's Contact Information ==<br />
Groups tend to change and so does their contact information, but they are far less likely to be updated regularly on Cunnan. So, the best way is to just reference the group's website, rather than listing any general or individual email addresses. This sort of personal data, such as address and phone details, is best on that group's website and not Cunnan.<br />
<br />
=== Personas ===<br />
Generally speaking, Cunnan is not an archive of pages describing SCA personas (see [[Cunnan:Old_Village_pump_discussions_(moved_2007)]], What do to with Category:people (SCA)?).<br />
<br />
=== Households ===<br />
Although Cunnan does not allow personas to have pages, SCA groups like Households are allowed. This makes them a bit of a grey area, because some Household pages contain a lot of details on their members and things that are more specific to the individual than the household. So when it comes to Households is needs to be simple. Describe the focus of the group, list the individuals in the group, and their activities. Note: things like promoted personal business interests are right out.<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
The temptation is to just add lots of links to an article referencing other pages on the Internet, however, Cunnan should not become a link farm. The goal here is to create useful articles for everyone to get started with, before jumping off to do their own research.<br />
<br />
==See Also / External Links==<br />
If the article needs it have an "See Also" heading for related links in the wiki and "External Links" as a subheading of that for useful websites that are directly relevant to the article.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Manual of Style]]<br />
[[Category:Wiki]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Barony_of_Thescorre&diff=50586Barony of Thescorre2014-09-17T05:47:47Z<p>Cian: links</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Barony of Thescorre''' is an [[SCA]] [[groups|branch]] in the [[Kingdom of AEthelmearc|Kingdom of Æthelmearc]] that geographically includes the greater Rochester area in New York State. <br />
<br />
The group was first established as the "[[Shire]] of Thescorre" in the [[East Kingdom]] in [[A.S. VIII]]. It became a [[Barony]] in [[A.S. XIII]] with Alric Bowbreaker named as the first [[Baron]]. It is the second oldest barony in the [[kingdom]] by date of [[investiture]].<br />
<br />
Thescorre's signature [[event]]s include: <br />
<br />
* The [[College]] of Three [[Raven]]s - an [[arts and sciences]] oriented event<br />
* Pax Interruptus - a summer [[camping]] event that was held for the first time in [[A.S. XII]]<br />
<br />
<br />
== External Links==<br />
* [http://www.thescorre.org Barony of Thescorre official website]<br />
* [http://www.history.aethelmearc.org/BaronialLineage/Thescorre.html Thescorre Baronial Lineage (AEthelmearc history website)]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Baronies (SCA)|Thescorre]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Norway&diff=50446Norway2014-08-17T11:35:53Z<p>Cian: Reverted edits by BYOJanetumuk (talk) to last revision by Asfridhr</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Norway''' is situated on the west coast of the Scandinavian Penninsula, west of [[Sweden]].<br />
<br />
Norway was first united under [[Harald Fairhair]] towards the end of the [[9th century]].<br />
<br />
When [[King Haakon V]] died without male heirs in 1319, Norway became united with [[Denmark]]. In 1397 saw this union merge with [[Sweden]] to form the [[Kalmar union]].<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
* [[Norwegian]]<br />
* [[Middle Norwegian alternate titles]]<br />
* [[Viking]]<br />
<br />
[[category:Kingdoms (medieval)]]<br />
[[category:Norway]]<br />
[[category:countries]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Barony_of_Thescorre&diff=50435Barony of Thescorre2014-08-04T02:02:43Z<p>Cian: just shifting text for consistency</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Barony of Thescorre''' is an [[SCA]] [[groups|branch]] in the [[Kingdom of AEthelmearc|Kingdom of Æthelmearc]] that geographically includes the greater Rochester area in New York State, the region covering western New York, most of Pennsylvania outside the Harrisburg-Philadelphia corridor, and West Virginia. <br />
<br />
The group was first established as the "[[Shire]] of Thescorre" in the [[East Kingdom]] in [[A.S. VIII]]. It became a [[Barony]] in [[A.S. XIII]] with Alric Bowbreaker named as the first [[Baron]].<br />
<br />
The Barony's signature [[event]]s include: <br />
* Pax Interruptus - a summer [[camping]] event that was held for the first time in [[A.S. XII]]<br />
<br />
== External Links==<br />
* [http://www.thescorre.org Barony of Thescorre official website]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Baronies (SCA)|Thescorre]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Adrian_Empire&diff=50434Adrian Empire2014-08-04T01:59:48Z<p>Cian: /* See also */</p>
<hr />
<div>The '''Adrian Empire''' is a non-profit educational organization dedicated to the study and [[recreation]] of Western [[Europe]]an culture between the years 1066 and 1603. Its members work to recreate the [[arts]] and skills of this era. They also include other cultures that commonly interacted with the Western Europeans during this time frame. This exciting development means there is now even more rich history, culture, and tradition to explore!<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==Participation==<br />
Most local groups meet once per month, although wars can occur two or three times per year. Members dress in authentic (or authentic-looking) [[clothes]] to lend to a genuine feel of the time [[period]]. Non-members are welcome to attend in their normal clothing. <br />
<br />
There are four main types of participation:<br />
* '''Combat''' - Adrian Combat consists of four types: [[Shinai]], Renaissance [[Schlager]], Renaissance [[Cut and Thrust]], and Armored. It is the Armored combat which distinguishes Adria from other [[historical reenactment]] groups such as the [[Society for Creative Anachronism|SCA]] (although there are many other so-called "metal weapons" or [[live steel]] groups). It consists of unchoreographed, live combat with real (although blunt) steel weapons, including [[sword]]s, [[mace]]s, battle [[axe]]s, [[spear]]s, and other weapons.<br />
* '''Archery''' - [[Archery]] proper consists of [[target archery]] using simple [[bow]]s and wooden-shafted [[arrow]]s. A second form is [[combat archery]], which uses a light, fiberglass [[shaft]] with a foam head to allow archers to participate in combat scenarios in wars.<br />
* '''Robe (Arts & Sciences)''' - The [[arts and sciences]] includes making items that existed within the time period and using appropriate methods to make them. Arts projects are judged on completion and count toward victory in war.<br />
* '''Ministry''' - Ministry covers most tasks which aid in the smooth running of an event and the organization as a whole. Participation can be gained by holding Ministry positions (e.g. being the head of an [[Estates (Adrian Empire)|estate]] at any level, being the [[court]] [[herald]], keeping the rolls of attendees at an [[event]]) or by performing tasks during an event (such as [[water-bearing]] for combat participants)<br />
<br />
Advancement within the organization includes earning a [[knight|knighthood]] and other titles by participating in at least one of the above categories.<br />
<br />
==Organization==<br />
The Adrian Empire is a [[feudal]]-styled [[parliament]]ary [[republic]]. From the top down, every member is directly represented by somebody within the organization. And, unlike modern parliamentary governments such as that of [[England]], the current ruling [[noble]]s ([[Crown]]s) share in the political process. <br />
<br />
===Chartered Subdivisions===<br />
<br />
The Adrian Empire is composed of the following types of ''chartered subdivisions'', all of whom have a local government, as well as representation on the Imperial government:<br />
<br />
* '''The Empire''' - This includes all of the continental [[United States]] and part of [[Canada]], whether or not there are other chartered subdivisions in the region. The Empire is governed by the [[Emperor]] and [[Empress]].<br />
* '''[[Kingdom (Adrian Empire)|Kingdoms]]''' - These are chartered subdivisions that have 100 or more members. They are governed by a [[king]] and [[queen]].<br />
* '''[[Archduchy (Adrian Empire)|Archduchies]]''' - Smaller than kingdoms, these chartered subdivisions have memberships between 50 and 99. They are governed by an [[Archduke]] and/or [[Archduchess]].<br />
* '''[[Duchy (Adrian Empire)|Duchies]]''' - Even smaller, these chartered subdivisions have a stable membership of at least 20. They are governed by a [[Duke]] and/or [[Duchess]].<br />
* '''[[Shire (Adrian Empire)|Shires]]''' - Newly formed chartered subdivisions who have members numbering between 1 and 19. They are governed by a [[Viceroy]] and/or [[Vicereine]], who act as the voice of the Emperor and Empress.<br />
<br />
These chartered subdivisions may also form [[Canton (Adrian Empire)|cantons]].<br />
<br />
Any of the above estates may have a membership above the normal numbers for that level, if they have not existed at that level for long enough to be elevated. (Example: a shire may have more than twenty members, but has not existed the minimum one year or perhaps does not have active ministers, or has not been having events regularly enough to advance.)<br />
<br />
===[[Estates (Adrian Empire)|Landed Estates]]===<br />
<br />
The other type of political entity in Adria is called an ''Estate'', which is a non-geographic subdivision. Estates have different names based on size, ranging from the five person ''[[household]]'' up to the 50+ member ''march''. These estates can also be subdivided into other estates (for example, a 15 person [[barony]] can contain three houses). The heads of these estates have a noble title and may vote in their local rule-making body, called a local estates meeting. Large enough estates are considered part of the Estates Royal and may also vote in the Imperial rule-making body, as well as the two most senior estates for a subdivision.<br />
<br />
===[[Knighthood]]s===<br />
<br />
Another type of title and rank available is a [[knighthood]]. There are four paths of knighthood, in ministry (service to the organization), combat, archery, and the arts. Knighthood in the Adrian Empire is awarded following a merit-based system. For each discipline (arts, archery, combat, and ministry), there are certain time and skill milestones that must be met before advancing in rank. There are no restrictions to knighthood based on gender. Only combat (for safety reasons) has any minimum age requirements.<br />
<br />
For each classification of knighthood an individual may attain a first, second, and third level knighthood, the title of which changes based on level and area. <br />
* '''[[Combat]]''' - Knights in Combat are known as [[Knight Bachelor]], [[Knight Banneret]], [[Knight Champion]].<br />
* '''[[Arts & Sciences]]''' - Knights in Arts & Sciences are known as [[Knight Robe]], [[Knight Master]], [[Knight Doctor]]. <br />
* '''[[Archery]]''' - Knights in Archery are known as [[Knight Archer]], [[Knight Forester]], [[Knight Warden]].<br />
* '''[[Ministry (collective executive)|Ministry]]''' - Knights in Ministry are [[Knight Minister]], [[Knight Civil]], [[Knight Premiere]].<br />
<br />
===[[Church of Adria]]===<br />
<br />
The last official entity within Adria is known as the [[Church of Adria]], led at an Imperial level by the [[Patriarch]]. While there are no official dogma, canon, or religious beliefs associated with the Church, the organization follows a structure similar to that of the [[Roman Catholic Church]]. The members of the Church of Adria can rise in [[rank]] from being [[Deacon]]s & [[Archdeacon]]s (often called [[priest]]s, brothers, sisters, or fathers) to the rank of [[Bishop]] and [[Archbishop]] before petitioning to become [[Patriarch]]. The Church of Adria's primary purpose within the Empire is to provide the ritual ([[coronation]]s, oaths, etc) that fell under the domain of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe during the medieval time period. The Church of Adria exists for the sole purpose of providing the pomp, circumstance, and presence that the church provided in the [[Middle Ages]] and should not be construed to be either a political or religious organization. Ranks within the church are recognized by courtesy as equivalent to other ranks within the organization and may be accorded similar privileges.<br />
<br />
==Chartered Subdivisions of the Adrian Empire==<br />
<br />
===Kingdoms===<br />
*[[Kingdom of Castilles]] (southern tip of Florida)<br />
**[[Canton Of Sidhe]] (south Miami, Florida)<br />
**[[Canton Of Harlingston]] (Key Largo, Florida)<br />
*[[Kingdom of Terre Neuve]] (southern San Diego and Imperial Counties, California)<br />
**[[Canton of Crimson Oak]]<br />
*[[Kingdom of York]] (central and northern Florida)<br />
**[[Canton of Lancaster]] (Tampa and St. Petersburg, Florida)<br />
**[[Canton of Porte de Liberte]] (Orlando, Florida)<br />
**[[Canton of Cheshire]] (Jacksonville, Florida)<br />
**[[Canton of Portsmouth]]<br />
**[[Canton of Pembroke]]<br />
*[[Kingdom of Esperance]] (Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties, California)<br />
*[[Kingdom of Umbria]] (Arizona)<br />
**[[Canton of Cherbourg]]<br />
**[[Canton of Sherwood]]<br />
**[[Canton of the River]] (Lake Havasu area)<br />
**[[Canton of Thunar]]<br />
<br />
===Archduchies===<br />
*[[Archduchy of Albion]] (Nevada)<br />
*[[Archduchy of Alhambra]] (Idaho, Washington, western Montana, and British Columbia)<br />
**[[Canton of Amorium]] (Republic, Washington, and North Fork, British Columbia)<br />
**[[Canton of Brunico]] (Richland, Kennewick and Pasco, Washington)<br />
**[[Canton of Gaeth Fionn]] (western half of Montana)<br />
**[[Canton of Mar Bella]] (Seattle metro area)<br />
**[[Canton of Silvervale]] (British Columbia)<br />
**[[Canton of Strewe]] (Moscow and Lewiston, Idaho; Pullman and Clarkson, Washington)<br />
**[[Canton of Urar Tiene]] (Spokane, Washington)<br />
*[[Archduchy of Brandenburg]] (northern San Diego County, California)<br />
*[[Archduchy of Kincora]] (Ft. Lauderdale, Florida)<br />
*[[Archduchy of Vingulf]] (Nevada)<br />
<br />
===Duchies===<br />
*[[Duchy of Andorra]] (Illinois and Iowa)<br />
**[[Canton of Andorra la Vella]] (Quad-cities area)<br />
**[[Canton of Hertsford]] (Springfield, Illinois, and surrounding cities)<br />
*[[Duchy of Cambridge]] (New York, New Jersey, Connecticut and Vermont)<br />
*[[Duchy of Cashel]] (Virginia, less Richmond-Petersburg area) <br />
**[[Canton of Westkeep]]<br />
*[[Duchy of Chesapeake]] (Maryland and DC)<br />
*[[Duchy of Ekaterinegorod]] (Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, New Mexico, and eastern Montana)<br />
**[[Canton of Winterhaven]] (Grand Junction, Colorado)<br />
*[[Duchy of Kildare]] (South Carolina)(Now Defunct)<br />
*[[Duchy of Gloucester]] (Oregon)<br />
*[[Duchy of Sangrael]] (Temecula, Lake Elsinore, and Hemet, California)<br />
*[[Duchy of Somerset]] (northern Indiana and northern Ohio)<br />
<br />
===Shires===<br />
*[[Shire of Isle de Morte]] (Arizona)<br />
*[[Shire of Bedegraine]] (Tennessee)<br />
*[[Shire of Burgandy]] (northeastern Pennsylvania)<br />
*[[Shire of Carolingia]] (Bay area counties, California)<br />
*[[Shire of Galloway]] (North Carolina)<br />
*[[Shire of Nassau]] (Minnesota)<br />
*[[Shire of New Exeter]] (Missouri) <br />
*[[Shire of Templemor]] (Richmond and central Virginia)<br />
*[[Shire of Valencia]] (Pittsburg, Pennsylvania)<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[http://www.adrianempire.org/ Adrian Empire Home Page]<br />
*[http://www.adrianempire.org/collegeofarms.php Adrian Empire College of Arms]<br />
*[http://www.adrianempire.org/locations.php Adrian Empire Regions and Locations]<br />
<br />
''Pieces of this article were taken from a Wikipedia article on the Adrian Empire which was deleted in 2011.''<br />
<br />
[[category:re-enactment groups]]<br />
[[category: Groups (Adrian Empire)]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Coptic&diff=50421Coptic2014-07-19T11:41:57Z<p>Cian: Created page with "'''Coptic''' is the language of Egypt from the 2nd century. It was commonly used for Christian texts with the latest example being from the 14th century. I..."</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Coptic''' is the [[language]] of [[Egypt]] from the [[2nd century]]. It was commonly used for [[Christian]] texts with the latest example being from the [[14th century]]. It utilised a version of the [[Greek]] [[alphabet]] as well as many Greek words. It was maintained as part of Coptic Christian rituals. <br />
<br />
[[category:language]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=New_Varangian_Guard&diff=50413New Varangian Guard2014-07-05T11:00:48Z<p>Cian: </p>
<hr />
<div>The '''New Varangian Guard''' is a [[re-enactment]] group focusing on the [[Byzantine]] Empire and its allies and enemies during the [[9th century|9th]] to [[13th century|13th centuries]] A.D. The group's name relates to the [[Varangian Guard]], bodyguards to the [[Emperor]]. The New Varangian Guard uses steel weapons in their melee combat and uses [[combat archery]] rules similar to those of the [[SCA]]. There are chapters of this group throughout [[Australia]], and members of the NVG sometimes attend [[SCA]] [[event]]s.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NVG_eagle.gif|thumb|left]]<br />
<br />
Members of the Guard attempt to learn about the lifestyle of these peoples by study and reconstruction of the materials and practices of the period.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NVG_Breakfast.jpg|thumb|right]]<br />
<br />
Their aim is to make their recreation as realistic as possible without compromising safety, the law, or personal enjoyment. They also endeavor to create and maintain channels of communication amongst members, other recreation groups, educators, government and the business community. In this way they provide opportunities and venues for members to practice, display and teach the skills, arts and crafts of a bygone era.<br />
<br />
''Homepage: [http://nvg.org.au/ http://nvg.org.au/]''<br />
<br />
= Historical Basis for the New Varangian Guard =<br />
<br />
[[Viking]]s and [[Rus']] had been traveling to [[Byzantium]] for at least a century before 988 [[A.D.]], when [[Grand Prince]] Vladimir of Kiev (later Saint Vladimir) sent six thousand ''' 'Varangians' ''' (probably mixed [[Russia|Russian]] and [[Norse]] troops) to [[Constantinople]] to serve [[Emperor]] [[Basil II]], in return for [[Christian]] [[baptism]] and the hand of a Byzantine [[princess]].<br />
<br />
[[Image:Crash_and_bash.jpg|thumb]]<br />
<br />
Like other Vikings and Rus' before them, they served with distinction in the regular [[army]], but sometime around or before the middle of the [[11th century|eleventh century]], Varangians replaced the existing native Imperial [[guard]]s. Their boldness, bravery and unswerving loyalty is recorded by Byzantine chroniclers.<br />
<br />
These Emperor's Varangians, also know as the '[[axe]]-wielding guard' (though one Emperor nicknamed them "Winebags"), were primarily Vikings and Rus until the late eleventh century, when a large influx of [[England|Englishmen]] fleeing [[Norman]] persecution significantly changed the ethnic composition.<br />
<br />
Scandinavian involvement revived during the [[Crusade]]s, and indeed, the heyday of the Emperor's Varangians seems to have run from the late [[11th century|11th]] to the mid [[12th century]].<br />
<br />
After the destruction caused in the capture of Constantinople by the [[Fourth Crusade]] in 1204 A.D., the Varangian Guard continued to exist in name but became a hereditary ceremonial guard, largely drawn from internal Byzantine sources. <br />
<br />
<br />
== AUSTRALIAN BRANCHES ==<br />
<br />
===== ANTIOCH (Ballarat, [[Victoria]]) =====<br />
Weekly training: Sundays from 2pm at Lake Wendouree. Wendouree Parade, opposite White Ave. <br />
<br />
In the event of bad weather training will move to Little Bendigo Primary school 8 Monte st Nerrina 3350. <br />
<br />
Craft night: Every Tuesday from 7.30pm also at Little Bendigo PS.<br />
<br />
===== DUBH LINN (Geelong, Victoria) =====<br />
http://www.nvg.org.au/dubhlinnweb/ <br />
<br />
Weekly training: Sunday at Eastern Park between the picnic shelter & the Geelong Botanical Gardens, Eastern Park Circuit, Geelong East from 2pm<br />
<br />
===== HANDAKAS (Adelaide, [[South Australia|SA]]) =====<br />
http://handakas.nvg.org.au/ <br />
<br />
Weekly training: Wednesdays 7.30pm to 10.30pm, Beefacres Hall, Pitwater Drv, Paradise. <br />
<br />
2nd Wednesday of each month 7.30pm to 9.30pm <br />
Colonel Light Gardens Scout Hall, Cnr Windsor Ave and West Parkway<br />
<br />
===== HODEGON (Belgrave Heights, Victoria) =====<br />
http://www.geocities.com/indunna/hodegon.html <br />
<br />
Fortnightly training and craft: Sundays 1 pm to 4.30 pm<br />
Bring along a plate to share and BYO meat and drinks <br />
2 Lockwood Road Belgrave Heights<br />
<br />
===== JORTH GAR (Gold Coast, [[Queensland]]) =====<br />
http://www.jorthgar.com<br />
<br />
Training occurs once per week but in two locations on different days:<br />
* On the 1st Sunday of every month from 11am till 4pm (QLD time), in the park opposite Mt Tamborine State Primary School, on the corner of Curtis Road and Long Road, Eagle Heights, QLD 4271.<br />
* Every other weekend training is on Saturdays from 11am till 4pm (QLD time), at Burchill Park (at the end of Eden Court), Nerang, QLD 4211.<br />
<br />
===== MIKLAGARD ([[Sydney]], [[New South Wales]]) =====<br />
http://users.bigpond.net.au/quarfwa/miklagard/ <br />
<br />
Fortnightly training: 1st and 3rd Sunday of each month are Joint trainings with Mountains <br />
<br />
1st Sunday at Ashfield Park, Ashfield @ 2pm (Daylight Savings), 1pm (Standard Time)<br />
<br />
===== MOUNTAINS (Blue Mountains, New South Wales) =====<br />
Monthly training/Meetings: 1st Saturday of the month, commencing at 2pm at 91 Russell Ave, Valley Heights.<br />
<br />
===== RUSLAND (Brisbane, Queensland) =====<br />
Weekly training: Saturdays (unless a show is on) 2pm to 5pm, Fletcher Pde, Bardon<br />
<br />
===== THESSALONIKA (Mildura, Victoria) =====<br />
Weekly training: Sundays 3.30pm , Henderson Pk - Cnr 13th Street & Deakin Avenue AND <br />
Tuesdays 5.30pm 45a Thirteenth St<br />
<br />
===== VIGHLA (Bendigo, Victoria) =====<br />
Weekly training: Wednesdays 5pm-6pm Park at Olinda St, next to the bowls club<br />
<br />
===== VLACHERNAI (Melbourne, Victoria) =====<br />
Weekly training/Craft: Tuesday nights 7.30pm, Viewbank Scout Hall <br />
Off Rutherford Road View Bank, Melways Ref. Map 20 G12<br />
<br />
<br />
== OVERSEAS SISTER ORGANISATIONS ==<br />
<br />
===== KATEPANATOS TIS ITALIAS (Italy) ===== <br />
<br />
===== KASTORIA (USA) =====<br />
<br />
===== CHERSON (United Kingdom) =====<br />
<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
*[http://www.nvg.org.au/ New Varangian Guard Inc]<br />
[[category:re-enactment groups]]<br />
[[Category:byzantine]]<br />
[[Category:9th century]]<br />
[[Category:10th century]]<br />
[[Category:11th century]]<br />
[[Category:12th century]]<br />
[[Category:13th century]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Barony_of_Stormhold&diff=50399Barony of Stormhold2014-06-24T00:39:08Z<p>Cian: add St Cecilia for historical reasons</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SCA Barony box|name = Stormhold|color = blue|metal = white|device = [[Image:Stormhold.jpg|153px]] | caption = No goutes no glory | founded = A.S. XXIII | baron =ThorolfR "Olfuss" Brantsson| baroness = Halla Vinagjafar Hrafnsdottir | area = Melbourne (Australia) | kingdom = [[Lochac]]}}<br />
<br />
The '''Barony of Stormhold''' is a [[SCA]] [[groups|branch]] in the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. It covers central, western and northern [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]] plus Western Victoria, being the oldest group in the state. The [[Barony]] has one [[Canton]]. The [[Canton of Caern Fail]] covers Ballarat, Bendigo, the Golden Triangle and the Surf Coast. The [[College of St Bartholomew]] is based at the [[University]] of Melbourne. The [[Shire of Arrowsreach]] and the [[Barony of Krae Glas]] were formerly cantons of the barony. The lands of Arrowsreach are now within the borders of Stormhold following the disbanding of the shire. The [[Canton of Dubh Thrain]] and the [[College of St Cecilia]] were previously a part of Stormhold but also disbanded.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
The first Baron and Baroness of Stormhold were Styvyn Longshanks and Rhyllian of Starfire Retreat. Their reign was interrupted when Styvyn and Rhyllian won the Lochac [[Coronet tournament]], and became [[Prince]] and [[Princess]] of Lochac in [[A.S. XXIV]].<br />
<br />
Barons and Baronesses of Stormhold:<br />
# [[Viscount]] Styvren Longshanks ([[KSCA]], resigned) and [[Viscountess]] Rhyllian of Starfire Retreat, [[OP]]<br />
#* ''[[Vicar]]'' - Morgan ap Idris<br />
# Alain Bartholomieu Lorenz, OP and Viscountess Lucrezia Lorenz<br />
# Sven Stormdriven, OP and Ingibjorg Ambadottir<br />
# Rudolf von der Drau and Nicolette Dufay, OP<br />
# Gwynfor Lwyd, OP and Gwir verch Madog<br />
# Hugh the Little, KSCA and Theresa Cummins<br />
#* ''[[Vicar]]'' - Mirriam Galbraith, [[OL]]<br />
# Rodrigo of Abbotsford, Sara Van Den Hove<br />
# Hanbal al Barbary, OP and Ute von Tangermunde<br />
# Antonia de Lorenzo<br />
#* ''[[Vicar]]'' - ThorolfR Brantsson, KSCA<br />
# ThorolfR "Olfuss" Brantsson, KSCA and Halla Vinagjafar Hrafnsdottir<br />
<br />
After the sudden departure of the sixth Baron and Baroness, Sir Hugh the Little and Baroness Therasa Cummins, during [[Rowany Festival]] [[A.S. XXXIX]], Miriam Galbraith was appointed as Vicar. On June 24th, [[A.S. XXXXI]] Rodrigo and Sara became the seventh Baron and Baroness Stormhold. Both are natives of Melbourne, and both started their SCA careers here. The eighth baron and baroness, Hanbal and Ute, were invested on 3rd July [[A.S. XLIV]]. They stood down in mid [[2013]], replaced by Antonia de Lorenzo until February [[2014]] when she resigned. Sir ThorolfR Brantsson became the third Stormhold Vicar and on June 21 [[2014]] became the 9th Baron of Stormhold with Halla as Baroness.<br />
<br />
An interesting note is that until Rodrigo and Sara, none of the Barons and Baronesses, except for Gwynfor and Theresa, were native Melbournians. Styvren was born in [[New Zealand]], Rhyllian is a native of Mildura, Alain was raised near Sheparton, Sven and Lucrezia were from Adelaide, Ingibjorg was from Canberra, as was Hugh, and Halla was born in Sydney. Rudolf, Nicolette, Gwir and ThorolfR are all [[America]]n.<br />
<br />
From an SCA standpoint, Rodrigo, Sara, Styvren, Alain, Gwynfor and Theresa started in the SCA in Stormhold, Rhyllian in the [[Shire of Quimera de Oro]] (Mildura, Victoria), Sven and Ingibjorg in the Shire/Barony of Innilgard (Adelaide, South Australia), Rudolf and Nicolette in the [[Barony of Ynys Fawr]] (Hobart, Tasmania), Gwir in the [[Barony of Settmour Swamp]] (New Jersey, USA), and Hugh in Politarchopolis (Canberra, ACT). Of Rodrigo and Sara's successors, Hanbal commenced his SCA life in [[Politarchopolis]], and Ute originates from Mansfield, but started her SCA life in Melbourne. ThorolfR started his SCA career in the Barony of Knight's Crossing in the Principality of Drachenwald, and Halla in the Barony of Wealdsmere, Kingdom of AnTir (Northwestern United States and Western Canada). Of the [[Vicar]]s, Morgan started in Stormhold and Miriam in [[Innilgard]]. Alain, Nicolette and Gwynfor served as [[Seneschal]] of Stormhold at various times, as did Morgan.<br />
<br />
==Annual Events==<br />
<br />
The most famous Stormhold [[event]] is the [[William Marshall]] [[tourney]] and [[feast]], which happens annually in early December. Stormhold also holds an annual [[Stormhold Winter Feast|Winter Feast]].<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Stormhold/Baronial Level Awards]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.sca.org.au/stormhold/ Barony of Stormhold web site]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Lochac Barony}}<br />
[[Category:Baronies (SCA)|Stormhold]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Barony_of_Stormhold&diff=50390Barony of Stormhold2014-06-23T01:06:33Z<p>Cian: update to Throlfr and Halla</p>
<hr />
<div>{{SCA Barony box|name = Stormhold|color = blue|metal = white|device = [[Image:Stormhold.jpg|153px]] | caption = No goutes no glory | founded = A.S. XXIII | baron =Throlfr "Olfuss" Brantsson| baroness = Halla Vinagjafar Hrafnsdottir | area = Melbourne (Australia) | kingdom = [[Lochac]]}}<br />
<br />
The '''Barony of Stormhold''' is a [[SCA]] [[groups|branch]] in the [[Kingdom of Lochac]]. It covers central, western and northern [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]] plus Western Victoria, being the oldest group in the state. The [[Barony]] has one [[Canton]]. The [[Canton of Caern Fail]] covers Ballarat, Bendigo, the Golden Triangle and the Surf Coast. The [[College of St Bartholomew]] is based at the [[University]] of Melbourne. The [[Shire of Arrowsreach]] and the [[Barony of Krae Glas]] were formerly cantons of the barony. The lands of Arrowsreach are now within the borders of Stormhold following the disbanding of the shire. The [[Canton of Dubh Thrain]] also disbanded.<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
The first Baron and Baroness of Stormhold were Styvyn Longshanks and Rhyllian of Starfire Retreat. Their reign was interrupted when Styvyn and Rhyllian won the Lochac [[Coronet tournament]], and became [[Prince]] and [[Princess]] of Lochac in [[A.S. XXIV]].<br />
<br />
Barons and Baronesses of Stormhold:<br />
# [[Viscount]] Styvren Longshanks ([[KSCA]], resigned) and [[Viscountess]] Rhyllian of Starfire Retreat, [[OP]]<br />
#* ''[[Vicar]]'' - Morgan ap Idris<br />
# Alain Bartholomieu Lorenz, OP and Viscountess Lucrezia Lorenz<br />
# Sven Stormdriven, OP and Ingibjorg Ambadottir<br />
# Rudolf von der Drau and Nicolette Dufay, OP<br />
# Gwynfor Lwyd, OP and Gwir verch Madog<br />
# Hugh the Little, KSCA and Theresa Cummins<br />
#* ''[[Vicar]]'' - Mirriam Galbraith, [[OL]]<br />
# Rodrigo of Abbotsford, Sara Van Den Hove<br />
# Hanbal al Barbary, OP and Ute von Tangermunde<br />
# Antonia de Lorenzo<br />
#* ''[[Vicar]]'' - Thorolfr Brantsson, KSCA<br />
# Throlfr "Olfuss" Brantsson, KSCA and Halla Vinagjafar Hrafnsdottir<br />
<br />
After the sudden departure of the sixth Baron and Baroness, Sir Hugh the Little and Baroness Therasa Commins, during [[Rowany Festival]] [[A.S. XXXIX]], Miriam Galbraith was appointed as vicar. On June 24th, [[A.S. XXXXI]] Rodrigo and Sara became the seventh Baron and Baroness Stormhold. Both are natives of Melbourne, and both started their SCA careers here. The eighth baron and baroness, Hanbal and Ute, were invested on 3rd July [[A.S. XLIV]]. They stood down in mid [[2013]], replaced by Antonia de Lorenzo until February [[2014]] when she resigned. Sir Thorolfr Brantsson became the third Stormhold vicar and in June [[2014]] became Baron with Halla as Baroness.<br />
<br />
An interesting note is that until Rodrigo and Sara, none of the Barons and Baronesses, except for Gwynfor and Theresa, were native Melbournians. Styvren was born in [[New Zealand]], Rhyllian is a native of Mildura, Alain was raised near Sheparton, Sven and Lucrezia were from Adelaide, Ingibjorg was from Canberra, as was Hugh, and Rudolf, Nicolette and Gwir are all [[America]]n. From an SCA standpoint, Rodrigo, Sara, Styvren, Alain, Gwynfor and Theresa started in the SCA in Stormhold, Rhyllian in the [[Shire of Quimera de Oro]] (Mildura, Victoria), Sven and Ingibjorg in the Shire/Barony of Innilgard (Adelaide, South Australia), Rudolf and Nicolette in the [[Barony of Ynys Fawr]] (Hobart, Tasmania), Gwir in the [[Barony of Settmour Swamp]] (New Jersey, USA) and Hugh in Politarchopolis (Canberra, ACT).Of Rodrigo and Sara's successors, Hanbal commenced his SCA life in [[Politarchopolis]], and Ute originates from Mansfield, but started her SCA life in Melbourne. Of the [[Vicar]]s, Morgan started in Stormhold and Mirriam in [[Innilgard]]. Alain, Nicolette and Gwynfor served as [[Seneschal]] of Stormhold at various times, as did Morgan.<br />
<br />
==Annual Events==<br />
<br />
The most famous annual Stormhold [[event]] is the [[William Marshall]] [[tourney]] and [[feast]], held in early December. Stormhold also holds an annual [[Stormhold Winter Feast|Winter Feast]].<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
* [[Stormhold/Baronial Level Awards]]<br />
<br />
== External Links ==<br />
<br />
* [http://www.sca.org.au/stormhold/ Barony of Stormhold web site]<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Lochac Barony}}<br />
[[Category:Baronies (SCA)|Stormhold]]</div>Cianhttps://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Proper&diff=50174Proper2014-05-10T10:05:29Z<p>Cian: Reverted edits by Angela369 (talk) to last revision by Cian</p>
<hr />
<div>In [[heraldry]], the term '''proper''' indicates either (1) normal or natural colouration, or (2) a standard colouration used in heraldry. As an oversimplified example, 'a tree proper' has [[green]] leaves and a [[brown]] trunk, whereas 'a tree ''[[vert]]' '' is green all over.<br />
<br />
==Table of Proper Colours by Charge==<br />
<br />
Most [[heraldic beast]]s have no proper colour as they are mythical creatures who only exist in heraldry. A creature who may have any of a number of different colourings, including brown, for instance a [[bear]], may be [[blazon|blazoned]] ''a brown bear proper''.<br />
<br />
<table border="1"><br />
<tr><br />
<td>'''Charge'''</td><br />
<td>'''Proper Colours'''</td><br />
<td>'''Tincture Class'''</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Acorn]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Antler/[[Ivory]]</td><br />
<td>White or light yellow brown</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Arrow]]</td><br />
<td>Brown [[shaft]], black head, tincture of [[fletching]]<br />
specified</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Axe]]</td><br />
<td>No defined proper tincture</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Barbed and seeded]]</td><br />
<td>Green sepals, yellow seeds</td><br />
<td>Ignored</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Bear]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Boar]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Bread]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Bull]]/[[Cow]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Camel]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Carrot]]</td><br />
<td>No defined proper tincture</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Cherub]]</td><br />
<td>No defined proper tincture</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Chough]]</td><br />
<td>Black with red beak and legs</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Cloves]]</td><br />
<td>Dark brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Daisy]]</td><br />
<td>Argent seeded Or</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Deer]]/[[Stag]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Dog]]/[[Wolf]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Dolphin]]</td><br />
<td>Green with red fins</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Dolphin, natural</td><br />
<td>Grey</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Dove]]</td><br />
<td>White with pink or red beak and legs</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Elephant]]</td><br />
<td>Grey with white tusks</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Falcon]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Fire/flame</td><br />
<td>Alternately red and yellow or yellow and red</td><br />
<td>Neutral</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Ford</td><br />
<td>A base wavy barry wavy blue and white</td><br />
<td>Neutral</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Fountain</td><br />
<td>A [[roundel]] [[barry]] [[wavy]] blue and white</td><br />
<td>Neutral</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Fox]]</td><br />
<td>Red with black "socks" and white at tip of<br />
tail</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Hammer</td><br />
<td>Sable shafted of brown wood</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Hare]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Harp]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Horse]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Humans/human parts</td><br />
<td>Caucasian by default, <i>i.e.</i>, pink or white<br />
(See also [[Moor]])</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Ibex]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Ladybug</td><br />
<td>No defined proper tincture</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Lavender]]</td><br />
<td>Purple flowers, green leaves and stem</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Leaf</td><br />
<td>Green (sometimes with a brown stem)</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Leather]]/leather items</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Mermaid]]</td><br />
<td>Caucasian human with green tail and yellow hair</td><br />
<td>Neutral</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Moor]]</td><br />
<td>Brown with black hair</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Moose</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Mouse</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Owl]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Parchment]]</td><br />
<td>Tan or yellow</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Peacock]]</td><br />
<td>Mostly blue and green with "eyes" in the<br />
tail</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Pickaxe]]</td><br />
<td>Black, shafted brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Pomegranate]]</td><br />
<td>Green, seeded red</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Popinjay]]</td><br />
<td>Green with red details</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Rabbit]]</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td rowspan="2">[[Rainbow]]</td><br />
<td>(on colour field: from top to bottom)<br /><br />
Yellow, red, green, white; white clouds</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>(on metal field from top to bottom) <br /><br />
Blue, green, gold, red; cloud color must be specified</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Rainbow, natural</td><br />
<td>(from top to bottom)<br /><br />
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, white clouds</td><br />
<td>Neutral</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Raven]]</td><br />
<td>Black</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Rose]]</td><br />
<td>Red, barbed green and seeded yellow</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Seraph</td><br />
<td>Caucasian skin, red hair, multicolored wings</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Slipped and leaved]]</td><br />
<td>Brown or green stem and green leaves</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Stone]]/stone items</td><br />
<td>Gray</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Sword]]</td><br />
<td>White with yellow [[hilt]] and [[quillon]]s</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Thistle]]</td><br />
<td>Green sepals, stem, leaves; purple or red flower</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Tiger]]</td><br />
<td>No default; must be specified</td><br />
<td>n/a</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Tree</td><br />
<td>Brown trunk, green leaves</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Urchin]]</td><br />
<td>Brown with white face and belly</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>Weaver's slea</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Wood]]/wooden items</td><br />
<td>Brown</td><br />
<td>Colour</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td>[[Zebra]]</td><br />
<td>White striped black</td><br />
<td>Metal</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br />
See further discussion under [[colour]].<br />
<br />
[[Category:Heraldry]][[Category:Device heraldry]]</div>Cian