https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=62.25.106.209&feedformat=atomCunnan - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T10:07:33ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.3https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Wars_of_the_Roses&diff=9568Wars of the Roses2005-06-10T07:37:33Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>'''Wars of the Roses''' were a series of battles in [[15th century]] [[England]] in which the houses of York and Lancaster vied for posession of the throne. The wars were so called because both houses used a rose in their arms: a red rose for the house of Lancaster, and a white rose for the house of York.<br><br />
There is also a medieval urban legend that the other noble houses declared their allegiance by picking roses in the garden of the Temple in London. It is unlikely but vaguely possible, given [[England|English]] eccentricity.<br />
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==The Battle of St. Albans==<br />
In 1455, Richard, the Duke of York claimed that the Lancastrian King Henry VI had no right to the throne, as his grandfather Henry IV had seized the crown by force in 1399. Followers of the Duke succeeded in deposing Henry and installing Edward IV for a time but Henry regained the throne and held it until 1471.<br />
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==The Battle of Tewkesbury==<br />
In 1471, Edward succeeded in regaining the throne, and the Yorkists held power through the reign of Richard III<br />
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==The Battle of Bosworth==<br />
In 1485, Henry VII took the throne from the Yorkists, claiming descent from two junior houses of Lancaster. He effectively ended the conflict by marrying into the house of York, thus uniting the two factions. This was the beginning of the powerful [[Tudor]] dynasty.</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Alexander&diff=9463Alexander2005-06-01T10:50:48Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>Born around 1078, fourth son of [[Malcolm III]] Canmore, '''Alexander III''' succeeded his brother [[Edgar|Edgar the Peaceable]] on the [[Scotland|Scottish]] [[throne]], in 1107. His mother was Margaret, daughter of Edward Atheling, son of [[Edmund Ironside]].<br><br />
By Edgar's instructions, however, the entire southern districts, south of the Forth-Clyde divide, were created an [[earl]]dom for another of his brothers, [[David I|David]], and Alexander was unsuccessful in obtaining these lands for his own rule.<br><br />
History records Alexander as a militant warrior and a pious churchman, founding several bishoprics and abbeys, including those of Scone and Inchcolm (which led to quarrels with the [[England|English]] metropolitan sees, who re greater Scots ecclesiastical independence). At the same time Alexander relentlessly searched out the last remnants of the House of Atholl, extirpating any he found, as a means of preventing insurrections. He also supported [[Henry I]]'s efforts to subjugate [[Wales]] in 1114, leading troops to assist in the campaign.<br />
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He married Sybilla, natural daughter of the English [[king]], [[Henry I]], in the same year as he took the throne, but their marriage was childess and she died in 1122.<br />
<br>Alexander died in 1124 and was succeeded by his brother [[David I|David]].<br />
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He was named for the [[Pope]] , Alexander II. ''Post mortem'', he received the by-name "The Fierce".</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Duncan_II&diff=10210Duncan II2005-05-20T10:03:59Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>'''Duncan II''' (1060?- 1094) was king of [[Scotland]] and a son of [[Malcolm III]] and his first wife Ingeborg Finnsdottir and therefore a grandson of [[Duncan I]].<br />
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For a time he lived as a hostage in England and became king of the Scots after driving out his uncle, [[Donald III|Donald Bane]], in 1093, an enterprise in which he was helped by some English and Normans. He was killed in the following year in the Battle of Monthechin. He was buried at Dumfermline Abbey, Fife.<br />
His rule of Scotland ran between May and November 1094, and he was succeeded by [[Donald III]], who co-ruled with his nephew Edmund, son of [[Malcom III]], by his second wife, Margaret. He was married to Ethelreda, daughter of Gospatrick, Earl of Northumberland. They had a son, William, who, perhaps wisely, did not involve himself in Scots dynastic kefuffles.</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Lulach&diff=10333Lulach2005-04-01T09:10:32Z<p>62.25.106.209: mis-spelling</p>
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<div>'''Lulach''' was the step-son of [[Macbeth]] and succeeded him on the [[Scotland|Scottish]] [[throne]]. His mother was Gruoch, grand-daughter of [[King]] [[Kenneth III]], whose firm husband, Lulach's father, was Gillecomgain, the Mormaer of Moray. Lulach was born around 1032CE; he was [[crown]]ed in August 1057, after Macbeth's death, but was killed the following year. He was known as "the Simple" which may reflect a popular impression that he was a weak king.<br />
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He had a son, Maelsnectan, who retired to a [[monastery]], and a daughter, who married a chieftain named Aedh or Eathelred, a son of [[Malcolm III|Malcolm Canmore]], and [[Earl]] of Fife. One of his sons, Dubh, succeeded him in the Earldom; a second, Malcolm, became Earl of Moray and Ross (a title also descending from [[Macbeth]] and his father Findlaech).<br />
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His short reign does not appear to have generated any notable historical incident before his death and Malcolm's succession.<br />
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Lulach's death marked the passing of the purely Celtic kings of Scotland -- Malcolm being half-[[England|English]], through his mother, Sybil who came from the earls of [[Northumberland]].<br />
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See also:<br />
* [[Scottish kings]]<br />
[[category:monarchs (medieval)]]</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Cunnan:Requested_articles&diff=9925Cunnan:Requested articles2005-02-02T15:41:47Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>If you think that there is an important article missing from Cunnan or there is an article you would like to see expanded then link to it from here and one of [[Cunnan]]'s other users might be able to work on it. If you feel that a picture is needed on a certain article then you can leave a note on the [[Cunnan:Requested pictures|Requested pictures]] page.<br />
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* Everything listed on [[Cunnan:Wantedpages]].<br />
* Pages on specific poets (see [[List of poets (600-1600)]] )<br />
* [[Sword]], [[Cutlass]], [[dagger]], etc. A couple of vandals have messed up these and other pages leaving messages about the lack of information (may as well do something constructive with this input from the vandals :). Most of these articles are stubs but have no real information.<br />
* [[Basse Dance]]<br />
* [[Rhino]]</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Camel&diff=8553Camel2005-02-02T15:40:36Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>The '''camel''' is a ruminative quadrupedal mammal, generally found in arid or desert locations. It comes in two flavours, Bactrian and Dromedary, between which the major difference is one ''hump'' or two. The humps are fatty bulges on the back, wherein the camel stores water. Its speciality is that it can travel for extended periods on one 'load' of water, storing the excess in the humps and only using it as required.<br><br />
The '''camel''' is used as a means of transport and beaast of burden; it can be milked and may, in extreme circumstances(or when unexpected in-laws come to call), be used for food.<br />
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In the '''mundane''' '''camel'''s have also been introduced into [[Australia]] (where they have gone feral, whereas in their native territories the species is almost totally domesticated) and [[America]], where they did not survive.<br />
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No 'funny' comments have yet been created likening [[king|royalty]] or [[noble|nobility]] to these creatures, despite the fact that they are often portrayed as smelly, bad-tempered and haughty ''(the '''camel'''s, not the kings/nobles)''</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Talk:Persel&diff=24758Talk:Persel2005-01-20T14:57:54Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>Do we really need pages like this and [[wyne]]. Surely a redirect to [[parsely]] and [[wine]] and a note on variant spelling on those pages should be enough. [[User:Conrad Leviston|Conrad Leviston]] 05:09, 20 Jan 2005 (CST)<br />
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A redirect would use up little more space, and at least this way you're given the information under the head you looked for it, rather than having to go to ''parseley'' just to discover the ''Middle English'' aspect.<br>But it's '''your''' (collective) Wiki!!</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Magna_Carta&diff=8419Magna Carta2005-01-17T10:35:06Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>The '''Great Charter''' was a formal record of an agreement between King [[John Lackland|John]] of England and a rebellious group of [[baron]]s, sealed on 15 June 1215, at Runneymede meadow, outside Windsor.<br />
Four copies remain of a series sent out to [[sheriff]]s for public dissemination.<br />
The Charter was annulled by [[Pope]] Innocent III.<br />
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On November 12 1216 the Charter was re-issued in the name of the 9-year-old [[Henry III]] by his [[regent]]s, with certain clauses omitted. The following year they again re-issued it, and in 1225 Henry himself (by then 18 and governing in his sown right) reissued a slightly shorter version, which, reissued again in 1297 by Henry's son and heir [[Edward I]], has since become a settled part of English legal precedent.<br />
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Most of the content of the '''Charter''' is very specific to 13th century conditions in England -- reduction of unpopular taxes, grants of liberties to [[baron]]s and to the [[Church]].<br />
Only 3 articles remain in force, of which the chiefest is that which "guarantees" that ''"no free man"'' be punished ''"except by legal judgement of his peers"''.</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Wood&diff=16717Wood2005-01-10T15:46:27Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>Wood is a byproduct of [[tree]]s. It is mostly made up of [[water]], cellulose and lignin. Water and cellulose are the soft squidgy bits, whilst lignin is the hard bit. If you hit a tree whilst in possession of a reasonable amount of kinetic energy, it is the lignin that causes the injury, not the water or the cellulose.<br />
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Wood is very useful, as it is combustible, good for [[construction]] and comparing relative displacement in [[witch trial]]s.<br />
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According to The Bard, Birnam Wood came to Dunsinane.</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Normandy&diff=9867Normandy2005-01-05T11:52:23Z<p>62.25.106.209: corrected mis-spalling in attribution</p>
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<div>'''Normandy''' is a region in the North of [[France]], lying on the English Channel.<br />
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The [[Viking]] leader Rollo who had besieged [[Paris]] was given Normandy in 911 under the Treaty of St. Claire, in return for defending it against future pirate attacks. By the [[11th century]] the [[Norman]] people had become a mixture of native Franks and Viking immigrants.<br />
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Norman culture spread into [[England]] with the [[Norman Conquest]] led by the [[Duke]] of Normandy in 1066, [[William the Conqueror]]. Normandy was sporadically under English control, until the end of the [[Hundred Years' War]] in 1453, from which point it remained with France until World War II.<br />
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=== The Dukes of Normandy ===<br />
An amount of this, including most of the details of children, has been "lifted" from the research of Robert Sewell, who has placed it on the Web at http://www3.sympatico.ca/robert.sewell/normandy.html .<br />
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* Rollo (also known as Rolf, and, after [[baptism]], Robert) - The original "Norman", a Viking raider who seized land along the River Seine around 911CE, fought with [[King]] [[Charles the Simple|Charles III the Simple]] of [[France]], was ceded what is now Normandy in return for stopping his raids, and was recognised as its [[feudalism|feudal]] tenant (although it is not clear whether or not he received the formal title of [[Duke]]). His first wife, Poppa of Valois, was a descendant of [[Charlemagne]]. His eldest son succeeded him in Normandy. He died around 932CE.<br />
* William Longsword - Rollo's son, he may have been born before his father "acquired" Normandy. He succeeded his father in 927CE, and married another female descendant of [[Charlemagne]], Adela (or Sprota) of Senlis. His eldest son succeded him on his death in 942. There is no evidence to point to his having received the [[duke|ducal]] title.<br />
* Richard the Fearless - Born in 933CE, he took over Normandy at the age of 9 from his deceased father. He married Emma of [[Paris]], a daughter of [[Hugh Capet|Hugh "the Great" Capet]], and later Gunnor of Crepon, thereby legitimising any children he had previously had by her. His eldest son succeeded him, but again Richard does not appear to have attained the formal rank of [[duke]]. Along his other children were Emma of Normandy, born about 986, who married [[King]] [[Aethelred Unraed]] of England in 1002, and bore him a son who was to be King [[Edward the Confessor]]. After Aethelred's death, she married [[Canute the Great|Canute]] (or Cnut), who was then king in Aethlred's place, in 1012, and bore him [[Hardicanute]], king from 1035-40. Also Hawise who married Geoffrey, [[Duke]] of [[Brittany]].<br />
* Richard the Good - Son of the Fearless, his first wife was Judith of Brittany, daughter of [[Duke]] Conan (the ''Crooked''). Their son succeded his father, when he died in August 1026. Their second son, Robert, was also to be duke; one of their daughters, Alice (or Adelaide) married Rainald, [[Count]] of Burgundy; the other, Eleanora (also known as Judith) married Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders. This Richard is known to have been recognised as Duke of Normandy. <br><br />
:He later remarried, in 1017, to Estrith, daughter of Sweyn Forkbeard [[king]] of [[Denmark]], but they were [[divorce]]d shortly afterwards.<br />
* Richard (III) - He succeded his father and married Princess Adela or Alix of [[France]], daughter to [[king]] Robert II (the ''Pious''), in Janury 1027. In August of the same year, he died suddenly (rumour had it, of [[poison]]). Their posthumously-born son, Nicholas, was relegated to a [[monastery|monastic]] life, and his uncle, Richard's brother, Robert, took over the [[duke]]dom. Princess Adela remarried, to Baldwin V, Count of Flanders, and their daughter, Mathilda, was to marry Duke [[William the Conqueror|William]] of Normandy. <br />
* Robert (the [[devil]]) - Born about 1008CE, he seized Normandy and the [[duke|ducal]] title on the (sudden) death of his nephew, in 1027. Shortly afterwards his girlfriend Herleva, daughter of Fulbert, a tanner of Falais, gave birth to their son, William, a bastard. They also had a daughter, Adeliza, who married, serially, a [[Count]] of Ponthieu, a Count of Lens, and a Count of Champagne. Robert married, in 1031, Estrith, and divorced her a year later. This was the same Estrith who had previously been his father's wife. In late 1034, Robert was inspired to crusade, but on the way home he died.<br />
* [[William the Conqueror|William (the Bastard)]] - Son of Robert and Herleva, William took over '''Normandy''' when the news of his father's death came in 1035. In 1053 he married Mathilda of Flanders. In 1066 he invaded [[England]], having previously been promised the throne by [[King]] [[Edward the Confessor]], overthrowing the usurper, [[Harold Godwinson]]. Of his children Robert, the eldest, became Duke of Normandy after him, and mortgaged the duchy to raise money to go on Crusade, his sons [[William Rufus]] and [[Henry I|Henry 'Beauclerc']] became [[English Monarchs|kings of England]] after him, and his daughter Adela married Stephen, Count of Blois, and their son [[King Stephen|Stephen]] seized the [[England|English]] [[throne]] after Henry.<br />
* Robert 'Curthose' - Duke after [[William the Conqueror|William]], he coveted the [[England|English]] throne given to his younger brother [[William Rufus]], but was unable to seize it. He then went on [[Crusade]], mortgaging Normandy to raise [[money]], and on his return found that William had died and been succeeded by [[Henry I|Henry Beauclerc]]. Robert raised objections, and tried an invasion, Henry counter-struck and, repelling Robert, then invaded Normandy, captured Duke Robert, imprisoned him, and took the duchy into the English crown.</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Sodden&diff=6993Sodden2004-11-10T09:56:21Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>([[Middle English]]) '''Sodden''' means soaked. Often used in [[recipes]] (and (out of period) weather forecasts).</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Musician&diff=6829Musician2004-10-11T13:12:18Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>One who plays music (although generally a composer will also play, just to hear what the result sounds like).<br />
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There is some scope for discussion as to whether or not to extend the term to the (ab)users of certain instruments, among them the basic drum, the not-entirely-non-semitic-persons'-harp, and the [[bagpipe]].</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Musician&diff=6629Musician2004-10-11T13:11:49Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>One who plays music (although generally a composer will also play, just to hear what the result sounds like).<br />
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There is some scope for discussion as to whether or not to extend the term to the (ab)users of certain instruments, among them the basic drum, the not-entirely-non-semitic-persons'-harp, and the bagpipe.</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Talk:Barony_of_the_Frozen_Wastes&diff=23544Talk:Barony of the Frozen Wastes2004-10-05T10:05:49Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>Allegedly run by penguins !!!</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Literate&diff=17262Literate2004-10-05T10:00:38Z<p>62.25.106.209: Added advert</p>
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<div>Able to read and write (default: in native tongue; but can be applied to literacy in a particular language)<p>Probably one of the third things to be looked for in [[royalty]], after making sure that they're breathing and checking their teeth (to make sure no substitution has occurred [Nyrond Enterprises sell a useful dental engraving tool, by which you can mark, identify and copyright your Royalty -- ask your local Nyrond for details])</div>62.25.106.209https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=London&diff=6510London2004-10-01T14:29:14Z<p>62.25.106.209: </p>
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<div>London was, to all intents and purposes) founded by the Romans, when Claudius sent his legions to conquer the island of Brittania (as the Romans eventually called it). There may have been a native settlement there before, but it was almost certainly not called anything like London, nor did it have especial significance.<br><br />
As Londinium it was the capital of the Roman province, until Brittania was sub-divided later. When the Romans left it appears to have carried on, for some time, because later records and archaeology point to a trading station just outside the western gates of the Roman city, at a suitable point for beaching ships. This later became known as the Ald-wich or "old city", when the Roman city was reivested by native kings, who doubtless found the semi-tumbled Roman walls useful.<br> <br />
Saxon kings ruled from here, when they weren't somewhere else in their kingdom, and William (the Bastard, of Normandy) built a Norman keep here which still exists as the White Tower within the Tower of London.<br><br />
The main seat of government, however, migrated out of the commercial hub of London proper, upriver about 2 miles to the isle of Thorney where monks had built a cathedral, the West Minster. A hall was built here for the King, and around it grew the Palace of Westminster.<p><br />
Writ 1 October 2004 by Cursitor; his own work.</div>62.25.106.209