Cunnan - User contributions [en]

Squirrel

2007-07-19T22:21:09Z

Sabine:

The '''squirrel''' was [[hunt]]ed in the [[middle ages]] for its [[fur]] and probably as food too. Squirrels are found early on in [[English]] [[heraldry]]. They are portrayed as somewhat demonic as compared to our modern vision of the bushy-tailed woodland creature. A [[heraldic]] squirrel often has spiky fur, red eyes, and an angry expression. They are sometimes found holding an acorn. Squirrel pelts are also immortalized in heraldry as the [[field]] treatment [[vair]].

Raven

2007-07-19T21:40:28Z

Sabine:

The '''raven''' is the ubiquitous jet-black bird of [[Europe]] and [[North America]], and are known throughout in history and lore. In [[Norse]] mythology, ''Hugin'' and ''Munin'' are pets and servants of [[Odin]]. The success of the English monarchy has been tied to the presence of ravens at the Tower of London, and you can see them there to this day. Because of their status in history and their modern goth connotations, ravens are a popular charge in [[SCA]] [[heraldry]].

Sixth Crusade

2007-07-19T21:26:18Z

Sabine:

The '''Sixth Crusade''' was undertaken by the [[Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Frederick II]] in 1228. The [[crusade]] aimed to retake [[Jerusalem]] and unlike previous crusades, did not have the blessing of the [[pope]]. Traveling to Jerusalem by way of [[Cyprus]], Frederick was able to negotiate surrender of part of Jerusalem and gain other land concessions, despite being the inferior [[military]] force. Jerusalem was captured by the Turks in 1244.

Garden

2007-07-10T21:12:06Z

Sabine: links

A way of taking the 'wild' out of the 'wilderness'.<br>

==How to==
# Find unclaimed wilderness
# Get tools -- scythe, spade & mattock, big stick, big dog
# Get peasants to do the work (use the big stick to encourage them)
# Have the taller grass etc removed
# Select those [[flower]]s and [[vegetable]]s already there which you wish to keep
# Have the other vegetation (weeds) removed
# Tend what is left
# Have it guarded against predatory [[animal]]s, [[bird]]s, etc by peasants plus big dog
# Bring in plants and vegetables from elsewhere
# Plant them and tend them
# In your declining years sit and enjoy

===Beware of===
* Rabbits, Badgers and other burrowing animals, after your vegetables
* Deer, pigs, sheep, etc., also after your veg
* Love-besotted swains who nick your blooms
* Tax assessors, who will try to raise your taxes
* Tourney organisers, who will thank you for clearing a space and then send their fighters to trample over all you have done [see big stick, big dog; also consider nether orifices (the organisers', not your own)]

==See Also==

* [[12th century gardens]]
[[category:plants]]

Codex Manesse

2007-07-10T20:52:39Z

Sabine:

The '''Manesse Codex''' (''Grosse Heidelberger Liederhandschrift'') is a book in Middle High [[German]] copied and illustrated between 1305-1340 in Zurich, [[Austria]]. It includes various songs from [[minnesinger]]s as well as pictorial representations of the poets as [[knight]]s adorned in their [[device|heraldic arms]].

=== See also ===
*[http://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/cpg848 digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de - Online version of Codex Manesse]
[[Category:books]]
[[category:14th century]]

Buckle

2007-07-10T20:51:41Z

Sabine: buckles in heraldry

A '''buckle''' is a fastener that is typically used to secure a [[belt]] or a strap. They freqently have tongues and some also have throat plates running back from the buckle along the belt. Historically buckles could be made of [[bone]], [[brass]], [[bronze]], [[silver]] and other [[metal]]s. A single buckle could be be made of a combination of these materials, such as [[Viking]] buckles of [[bronze|copper alloy]] with [[iron]] tongues.

Softer metals do not function well in high load areas as they bend.

A wide variety of buckle shapes existed and there are examples of tongued single (one loop) buckles from at least the times of the ancient [[Greece|Greek]]. Double (two loops on either side of a central bar) buckles existed from at least the [[medieval]] era.

They could be highly decorative and smaller buckles appear on [[shoe]]s from the mid [[14th century]].

The buckle is used as a [[heraldic]] charge, as evidenced in the [[Codex_Manesse|Manesse Codex]].

[[category:clothing]]

Or

2007-07-01T04:28:52Z

Sabine:

'''Or''' is the heraldic term for [[gold]] or [[yellow]]. (The two are interchangeable, as far as heraldic usage is concerned.) In [[SCA]] heraldry, it is blazoned '''Or''', with the first letter capitalized.

According to ''[[The Blazon of Gentrie]]'' it signifies the following:

# Planets: The Sun
# Precious Stones: [[Topaz]] and [[Chrysolith]]
# Virtues: Faith and Constancy
# Celestial signs: Leo
# Months: July
# Days of the Week: Sunday
# Ages of Man: Young age of adolescence, from 14 till 20 years
# Flowers: The [[Marigold]]
# Elements: Air
# Seasons of the Year: Spring
# Complexions: [[Sanguine (humour)|Sanguine]]
# Numbers: 1, 2, 3
# Metals: [[Gold]]

See Also:
* [[tincture]]
* [[metal]]

[[Category:Device heraldry]]

Vair

2007-06-14T18:12:53Z

Sabine: remove empty section

One of the [[fur]]s used as a [[tincture]] ([[colour]]) in [[heraldry]]. It's a hard-to-describe regular pattern of blue (''[[azure]]'') and white (''[[argent]]''). The pattern is supposed to resemble [[squirrel]] pelts sewn together in alternating colors. It is found in a variety of colours, and appears in different arrangements, each with its own name.

[[image:vair.png|Vair pattern (British type; French would have the top row white)]]

It goes back, as does [[ermine]], to a fur highly prized by the potentates of the [[Middle Ages]]. The word ''vair'' is derived from the Middle English forms ''veir'' and ''vair�'', meaning ''variegated fur'' (from the French vair, itself from the [[Latin]] ''varius'', variegated).

The squirrel in question was apparently blue-grey on the back and white underneath, and was much used for the lining of cloaks. It was sewn together in alternating cup-shaped pieces of back and stomach fur, resulting in a pattern of grey-blue and grey-white which, when simplified in heraldic drawing and painting, became blue and white in alternating pieces. The species involved has never been accurately identified.

<gallery>
Image:Field_vair.png|<center>Vair
Image:Field_countervair.png|<center>Counter-vair
Image:Field_vairinpale.png|<center>Vair in pale
Image:Field_vairenpointe.png|<center>Vair-en-pointe
</gallery>

In the oldest records vair is represented by means of straight horizontal lines alternating with vertical wavy or [[nebuly]] lines (sometimes blazoned as ''vair ond�'' or ''vair ancien'').

A fur of other colours than argent and azure is referred to as '''vairy''' (or '''vair�''') of <metal> and <colour>

==Trivia==
In the Cinderella fairy tale, the slippers were of glass, but some 19th century French writers thought it was a mistake and there were supposed to be made of vair ("verre", ''glass'', is a paronym). Fact is slippers are ''really'' made of glass, not of vair. Disney has it true.

[[Category:Device heraldry]]

Potenty

2007-06-14T18:09:14Z

Sabine: added definition

<div style="float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;">[[Image:potenty.PNG]]</div>

In [[heraldry]], a line which is drawn '''potenty''' is made up of a series of T shapes.

'''Potenty''' is also a [[field]] treatment and consists of interlocking T shapes. Often it is blue ([[azure]]) and white ([[argent]]), similar to [[vair]].

See Also: [[Cross potent]]

[[Category:Device heraldry]]

Imitation Gemstones

2007-06-10T03:31:04Z

Sabine: added images

'''Imitation Gemstones''', either natural or man-made, are effective substitutes for [[gemstone|stones]] that are too expensive or too difficult to obtain. One of the problems facing [[reenactment|re-enactor]]s is how to present an authentic appearance for a person of middle to high wealth on a limited budget. This is especially true regarding [[jewelry]]. Many gemstones that were popular in the [[Middle Ages]] are too expensive for the average person to obtain. There are several ways to use substitute or imitation jewelry however. Imitation gemstones were also popular in medieval times for much the same reasons (people trying to save money and portray someone wealthier than they were).

== Glass Jewels ==
The use of [[colored glass]] to imitate gemstones dates back to ancient times. For small jewels this can be very effective. For larger gemstones glass may be too clear, and lacks the ''inclusions'' found in natural stones. Also, be cautioned that a lot of costume jewelry is made from acrylic not [[glass]]. ''Volcanic glass'', a man-made substance from obsidian and volcanic ash, is a possible candidate for imitation aquamarine and pale sapphire.<br> Photos: ceramic scarabs [http://photos.imageevent.com/juliannamucci/gemstones/icons/Turquoise-Scarab.jpg] glass drop "emeralds" [http://search.cartserver.com/search/search.cgi?cartid=s-2873&category=instock&maxhits=20&keywords=emerald+nonirit&bool=AND] foil-back glass rhinestones [http://www.jansjewels.com/other/sfoct-1.html]

== Synthetic Gems ==
Most inexpensive jewelry on the market uses synthetic rather than natural gemstones. These fall into two categories: ''Laboratory synthetics'' are exact duplicates of natural minerals. The only difference is that the stone lacks the inclusions and imperfections found in nature. ''Synthetic imitations'' are also grown in the lab, but are of a different chemical composition than the natural stone, and are usually cheaper as well. When using synthetic stones one should remember that most [[medieval]] jewels were cut as cabochons. A facetted gemstone would look out of place on a [[Viking]] [[warrior]]. (Note, however, that crude faceted beads have been found in Viking treasure hordes.)<br>Photos: lab-grown opals [http://www.loose-gems.com/syntheticopal.html] synthetic blue spinel [http://www.loose-gems.com/sapphireimitation.html] cubic zirconia [http://www.loose-gems.com/whitecz.html]

== Natural Imitations ==
There are a number of natural gemstones that bear a strong resemblance to the cardinal stones — [[diamond]], [[emerald]], [[ruby]], and [[sapphire]]. The following is a list of natural stones (plus a few man-made ones) which may prove to be effective substitutes:
*'''adamant''' ([[diamond]]) — ''Rock crystal'' (a clear variety of [[quartz]]) is the classic substitute for diamonds. The best quality quartz came from central [[Europe]], near the Rhine; hence the term ''rhinestone''. Today, most rhinestone is made of glass rather than quartz. ''Swarovski crystal'' is considered to be the best. Another good possibility is ''clear topaz'', but may not be available. Heat-treated ''white sapphire'' is available at a good price. ''Herkimer diamonds'' (another variety of quartz) make convincing looking diamonds in the rough.<br>Photos: diamonds in the rough [http://www.diamondfields.com/i/photos/namibia/An-assortment-of-rough-diam.jpg] [http://blog.kievukraine.info/uploaded_images/2038-709234.jpg] Herkimer quartz crystals [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Rough-Herks.htm]
*'''carbuncle''' ([[ruby]]) — ''[[Garnet]]'' is the best bet; it was one of the three stones classed as carbuncle.<sup>1</sup> ''Spinel'' was a another type of carbuncle, but it has become rarer and more expensive than even genuine ruby. Synthetic spinel may be a good substitute however. For an economical substitute, carnelian is a good choice. The best quality is heat-treated, although it looks rather brown in comparison. For imitating [[balas ruby]] consider using ''rubellite'' (pink tourmaline). This stone can be rather expensive, but is generally more available (and affordable) than natural red spinel.<br>Photos: ruby cabs [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_ruby.htm] garnet (rhodolite) [http://www.gggems.com/rhodolite_cabochon.htm] pink tourmaline [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_tourmaline_rubellite.htm]
*'''[[emerald]]''' ([[green]] [[beryl]]) — This is a difficult stone to imitate. Few other minerals exhibit such a vivid green color. ''Green tourmaline'' or dark green ''peridot'' are generally the best choices. ''Green zoisite'' (anyolite) is a possibility, but often has ruby inclusions, and is only available in ''baroque'' (tumbled pebble) form. For those on a tight budget, ''green aventurine'' is a good choice, although it lacks the clarity of fine emerald. Make sure to obtain high-grade aventurine if possible. ''Nephrite jade'' is another economical choice. ''Green dioptase'' and ''chrome diopside'' both have the right color, but are too soft and brittle. In ancient times "emerald" referred to any green stone, including ''malachite'', which is fairly easy to obtain. Malachite has the vivid color of emerald but is an opaque stone.<br>Photos: emerald cabs [http://www.gggems.com/emeraude_cabochon.htm] chrome tourmaline [http://www.gggems.com/chrome_tourmaline_cabochon.htm] aventurine [http://www.allseason.com/images/cabochon/cc3av.gif] (tumbled) [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-GreenAvent.htm] <br>neprhite jade [http://www.stachurawholesalegemstones.com/view/256/1566/] (tumbled) [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Nephrite.htm] rough emerald [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Rough-Emeralds.htm]
*'''hyacinth''' (medieval & modern [[sapphire]]) — This is another difficult stone to imitate. By the time of the [[Crusade]]s, the term "sapphire" was being used to refer to blue transparent gemstones, rather than the lapis of ancient times. A lot of medieval sapphire jewelry has proved to be nothing more than colored glass. If one wishes to use a natural gemstone substitute, the best choice, based on current prices, is ''iolite''—also known as "water sapphire"—although this stone is often more [[purple]] in color than true sapphire. Blue ''tanzanite'' is far too expensive except perhaps in baroque form. Another possibility is ''blue topaz''. This is not a naturally colored stone however. The blue coloration is produced by irradiation—either by x-ray or neutron bombardment—and may have a tendency to fade over time. Be sure to ask for "London blue", as most blue topaz is rather pale in comparison and perhaps better suited for imitating ''aquamarine''.<br>Photos: sapphire cabs [http://www.gggems.com/sapphire_blue_cabochon.htm] iolite [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_iolite.htm] aquamarine [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_aquamarine.htm] blue quartz [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_blue_quartz.htm] <br>blue topaz (irradiated - scroll up) [http://www.gemhut.com/swssblue.htm#CTPZWB] (l - r) iolite, aquamarine, apatite, blue topaz [http://www.stachurawholesalegemstones.com/images/P6040071.gif]
*NOTE: 1. The meaning of "carbuncle" has changed over the years. In the modern jewelry trade it refers to a cabochon that has been hollowed out. This is often done with large ''almandine'' cabs to lighten the color.

== Other Substitutes ==
*beryl (aquamarine) — First of all, bear in mind that most aquamarine found in nature is pale [[green]] in color NOT pale [[blue]]. Aquamarine jewelry is usually heat-treated to obtain the desired blue color. Aquamarine ''baroques'' are fairly cheap and exhibit a cloudy gray color with just a hint of turquoise or sky blue. Aquamarine gemstones are not terribly expensive, but may not be available in the desired cut. For the pale blue gem variety, ''kyanite'' approximates both the color and the crystal structure of beryl, and is readily available in bead form. For the more natural sea-green type, ''prehnite'' is a reasonable choice. Some varieties of ''apatite'' have a vivid blue-green color, but the stone is rather soft and brittle.<br>Photos: aquamarine (tumbled) [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Aquamarine.htm] kyanite [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Kyanite.htm] sapphire [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Sapphire.htm] blue topaz [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-BlueTopaz.htm]
*amethyst — This gemstone is relatively inexpensive and easy to obtain. Purple ''fluorite'' approximates the color, but is very soft in comparison. Photo: [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_amethyst.htm]
*chryselectrum (golden topaz, chrysoberyl, etc) — ''Citrine'' is the obvious choice here. ''Smoky quartz'' is another possibilty, although it looks rather brown. Organic amber is a separate category, and is relatively cheap. Photos: Imperial topaz (scroll up) [http://www.gemhut.com/topaz.htm#CTPZ] (crystals) [http://crystalseen.tripod.com/images/facet%20rough/topaza.jpg] citrine cabs [http://www.gggems.com/cabochon_citrine.htm]
*callais (turquoise) — Turquoise is still relatively inexpensive, but the price is going up. Dyed howlite is a cheap alternative (but check the cautions for lapis above). For a durable substitute consider ''amazonite'' instead. The color is just about right, but it does lack the copper inclusions.<br>Photos: Turquoise nuggets [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-TurqNuggs.htm] Amazonstone [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Amazonite.htm]
*chalcedony — Fairly cheap but not always obtainable under that name. Try asking for ''blue-lace agate'', which is nearly identical.<br>Photos: chalcedony [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-BlueChalcedony.htm] blue-lace agate [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-BlueLaceAgate.htm] blue calcite [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-BlueCalcite.htm]
*opal — Genuine opal is both expensive and fragile. The natural stone tends to dry out over time. Opal is also sensitive to temperatures changes and can crack without warning. Fortunately, there are several stones offering the play of color and iridescence for which opal is famous. Depending on the base color of the opal being imitated, one might consider [[moonstone]], especially the "rainbow" variety. Another good possibility is ''spectrolite'', a high grade variety of labradorite.<br>Photos: opal [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-BlueOpal.htm] moonstone [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-MoonstoneAAA.htm] labradorite [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Lab.htm] spectrolite cabs [http://www.gggems.com/labradorite.htm]
*ultramarine (ancient [[sapphire]]/lapis lazuli) — Good quality lapis has become somewhat expensive, and a lot of the stuff on the market is of the "denim [[blue]]" variety. ''Sodalite'' is a good substitute although it lacks the pyrite inclusions found in genuine lapis. Dyed ''howlite'' is another possibility. Be warned, however, the dye job is seldom permanent.<br>Photos: lapis (tumbled) [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Lapis.htm] sodalite [http://www.hehishelo.co.uk/PageBackgrounds/PB-Tumbled-Sodalite.htm]

== Extant Examples==

From a 14th century statue.

[[Image:FakeGems02.jpg]]

[[Image:FakeGems01.jpg]]

[[category:gemstones]]

Talk:Shire of Ar n-Eilean-ne

2007-06-10T03:21:51Z

Sabine:

===Do they still hold SCA meeting at the Duke of Duckworth's?===

I miss the Golden Hammers. -[[User:Sabine|Sabine]] 13:21, 10 June 2007 (EST)

Shire of Ar n-Eilean-ne

2007-06-10T03:19:51Z

Sabine: links

The Shire of Ar n-Eílean-ne (Are NILLan-nay or Are NEELian-nay) is an SCA branch in the [[East_Kingdom|Kingdom of the East]] encompassing [[Newfoundland]] and Labrador. Most of its activity is around the Greater St. John's Area, with the currently dormant [[College]] of Ice Valley serving the area in and around Corner Brook on the West Coast.

External Link: http://eilean.eastkingdom.org/

Order of the Queen's Blade

2007-06-10T03:15:06Z

Sabine: links

The Order of the Queen’s Blade is [[Gleann Abhann]]’s award for exemplary service to the [[Kingdom]] and to fencing in Gleann Abhann, and skill with the blade. Kingdom Law states:

(a) The Order of the Queen’s Blade shall consist of those individuals who have exhibited exceptional skill in the Arts of Defense ([[Rapier]]), have conveyed their knowledge to others, and have displayed [[chivalry]] on the field and in support of the Kingdom of Gleann Abhann.

(b) Induction into this Order is accompanied by a [[Grant of Arms]] to the recipient if they do not already have one.

(c) While election into the order rests solely with the Crown of Gleann Abhann, members of the Order have the right of consultation and recommendation directly to the Crown.

The Charter of the Order elaborates upon these points, describing the qualities expected of a Bladesman, as well as the mechanisms for nominating and reviewing potential candidates and conducting other business of the Order.

Members of the Order are known as Bladesmen, and can be recognized by a band about the left arm or shoulder, of black or white and bordered in red. Bladesmen may also wear a white caplet with a black Gleann Abhann Ram.

Bladesmen are expected to be teachers and leaders on the field and off. Anyone is welcome to call upon a Bladesman for aid in [[marshal]]ling, instruction, concerns about Rapier in the Kingdom, or any other reason.

The Order is interested in potential new members. Recommendations are welcome from anyone, and should be provided in writing to any Bladesman. Bladesmen are expected to seek out and encourage and assist fencers in their development of the qualities the Order represents.

Meridian Order of the Blade

2007-06-10T03:12:35Z

Sabine:

The '''Meridian Order of the Blade''' was established by King Ailgheanan & Queen Ashildr as a kingdom level high merit rapier award at [[Gulf_Wars|Gulf War XIV]] (3/18/05). The Meridian Order of the Blade is an armigerous polling order (carries an [[AoA]]) given by the [[Crown]] in recognition of Excellence in Skill, Instruction, Leadership, and Service to the sport of [[Rapier]], the Rapier Community, and the [[Kingdom]]. Companions of the order may wear a [[garter]] or strap about their left upper arm (black with white edging bearing the [[badge]] of the [[order]]) and/or any other article bearing the badge of the order (a field [[sable]], a rapier palewise [[or]], beneath 3 [[mullet]]s [[argent]]) and are entitled to place the initials, M.O.B. after their name.

Meridian Order of the Blade

2007-06-10T03:11:56Z

Sabine: cleaned up, added links

The '''Meridian Order of the Blade''' was established by King Ailgheanan & Queen Ashildr as a kingdom level high merit rapier award at [[Gulf War XIV|Gulf_Wars]] (3/18/05). The Meridian Order of the Blade is an armigerous polling order (carries an [[AoA]]) given by the [[Crown]] in recognition of Excellence in Skill, Instruction, Leadership, and Service to the sport of [[Rapier]], the Rapier Community, and the [[Kingdom]]. Companions of the order may wear a [[garter]] or strap about their left upper arm (black with white edging bearing the [[badge]] of the [[order]]) and/or any other article bearing the badge of the order (a field [[sable]], a rapier palewise [[or]], beneath 3 [[mullet]]s [[argent]]) and are entitled to place the initials, M.O.B. after their name.

French Names

2007-06-10T03:08:02Z

Sabine: added some links

Duval- A french huegenot surname, they moved to the U.S. in the early 18th century. They have a very long history of being a military family, they have fought in almost every american related war up to date.[http://www.DuValFamilyAssociation.com]

''Some [[medieval]] [[French]] [[name]] sources can be found at:''

* [http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names.html#france French name articles at SCA.org]
* [http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/french.shtml Academy of St. Gabriel]
* [[French_alternate_titles | A list of French alternate SCA titles]]

12th Century garderobes

2007-06-10T02:52:41Z

Sabine: fixed link, still can't think of any text to add

==External Links==
*[http://www.florilegium.org/files/PERSONAL/12thC-Hole-art.html A reconstruction of a 12th century Hole]
*[http://www.norman-world.com/angleterre/archeo/Angleterre/wood/seat.htm A picture of the original toilet seat reconstructed in the above article]

[[Category:12th century|Garderobes]]

Coptic embroidery

2007-06-09T21:56:31Z

Sabine: added links to extant work

=== Background ===

The [[Coptic]] peoples used [[chain stitch]], [[cross stitch]], whipped running stitch, satin stitch, [[stem stitch]] and [[split stitch]], from the 1st century AD onwards. While weaving was a more common form of textile decoration, some [[embroidery]] does survive. The main base fabric for Coptic work is [[linen]], with the [[embroidery]] done in [[wool]] and sometimes [[silk]].

=== Materials Used ===

* [[linen]] ground
* [[silk]] thread
* [[wool]] thread

=== Stitches and Techniques ===

* [[chain stitch]]
* [[cross stitch]]
* [[whipped running stitch]]
* [[satin stitch]]
* [[stem stitch]]
* [[split stitch]]

=== Design ===

Due to the nature of the community that produced them, [[Coptic]] [[embroidery]] tends to be based around [[Christian]] religious themes, although not exclusivly so.

=== Extant Pieces ===

* Embroidery in medallion: Hercules and the Nemean lion - 400-700 http://rubens.anu.edu.au/htdocs/surveys/charlotte/0345/034574.JPG

* [http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_of_Art/viewOne.asp?dep=20&viewmode=0&item=26%2E9%2E8 5th century embroidered tunic]

* [http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_of_Art/viewOne.asp?dep=20&viewmode=0&item=90%2E5%2E905 5th century wall hanging]

=== Sources for Further Information ===

*Ellis, Marianne. "Embroideries and Samplers from Islamic Eqypt." Greenville, SC: Ashmolean Museum Oxford, 2001.
* Johnstone, Pauline. "The Byzantine Tradition in Church Embroidery". Chicago: Argonaut, 1967.
* Gostelow, Mary. "A World of Embroidery". New York: Scribner, 1975
* Rutschowscaya, Marie-Helene. "Coptic Fabrics". Paris: Adam Biro, 1990.
* Thompson, Deborah. "Coptic Textiles in the Brooklyn Museum". Brooklyn Museum, 1971.
* Warner, Pamela. "Embroidery: A History". London: Batsford, 1991.
[[category:embroidery]]

Sleeve

2007-06-09T14:58:46Z

Sabine:

The style of '''sleeves''' was quite varied in [[period]]. [[Elizabethan]] style garb involved elaborate sleeves that could be detached from a [[bodice]] or [[doublet]].

An [[heraldic]] depiction of a sleeve was called a [[maunche]].

[[category:clothing]]

Courtly love

2007-06-09T14:38:32Z

Sabine: dates

'''Courtly love''' is an important concept in [[medieval]] [[romance]], where you are in [[love]] with someone unreachable, where to actually sleep with them would invite disaster, so instead you pine after them, serve them loyally, write [[poetry|poems]] and [[song]]s in their [[honour]] etc. The Courtly Love craze originated in [[France]] in the late [[11th century]] and reached its peak during the [[12th century]], but was emulated throught the middle ages and beyond. This tradition became so popular that it became a status symbol for a [[noble]] to have his wife admired by a [[troubadour]].

In his book ''De Arte Honesti Amandi'' [[Andreas Capellanus]] sets forth the rules of courtly love. It is not entirely certain whether he is serious or simply making fun of literary custom. His rules include such things as ''Marriage is no excuse for not loving'' and ''Once love has become public, it rarely lasts''.

Examples of the medieval romantic disasters from doing something with someone you shouldn't include [[Lancelot]] and [[Guinevere]] in the story of [[King Arthur]], [[Abelard]] and Heloise, [[Henry VIII]] and a number of young ladies, and his daughter [[Elizabeth I]] and a number of young men.

Remember, friends don't let friends sleep with [[Tudor]]s.

== External Links==
* [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/capellanus.html The Rules of Courtly Love]

[[Category: love]]

College of Blaiddwyn

2007-06-07T21:45:11Z

Sabine:

{{SCA Shire box|name = Blaiddwyn|color = red|metal = white|device = [[Image: blaiddwyn_shield.jpg|151]] | caption = [[Argent]] a [[pale]] [[gules]], an [[argent]] [[wolf]] [[sejant]] [[affronty]] in a [[laurel wreath]] [[vert]] | founded = A.S. XIX | seneschal = [[Lord]] Rab Wylkyn | area = Albuquerque, NM. | kingdom = Outlands}}

'''Blaiddwyn''' is an [[SCA]] [[College]] in the [[Barony of al-Barran]] of the [[Kingdom of Outlands]], mundanely located on the campus of the [[University]] of New Mexico in Albuquerque, NM.

==History==
Hosted the [[coronation]] of Hoegaarden II and Chiara.

==Events==
The college organizes [[Pack Games]] and [[Winter Wolf]] each year as well as assisting with many of the [[Barony of al-Barran]]s events.

==External Links==
*[http://www.unm.edu/~sca/ Blaiddwyn Home page]
*[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/blaiddwyn/ Blaiddwyn Discussion Group]

{{Colleges of the Outlands}}

[[Category:Colleges (SCA)|Blaiddwyn]]

Talk:Imitation Gemstones

2007-01-06T04:40:46Z

Sabine: Photos!

Another possibility for imitating sapphire (blue corundum) is '''blue quartz''', which gets its coloration from inclusions of ''crocidolite'' or ''rutile fibers''. Yet another possibilty is '''dumortierite quartz''', also known as ''blue aventurine''. The latter tends to be semi-opaque, while blue quartz is more translucent (compare with ''green aventurine''). I haven't seen enough of either on the market to judge their respective qualities. Based on what little I have seen, I tend to favor the blue quartz over the blue aventurine. I have seen some rather nice specimens of blue quartz, from Madagascar, being sold on the internet. Both matierials have a Mohs hardness of '7', making them durable enough for any jewelry application. Blue aventurine tends to resemble ''denim lapis'' rather than corundum. Both types of quartz are less expensive than blue topaz (roughly half the cost). The trick is finding a reliable supply. [[User:Ld Hærek|Ld Hærek]]

== fake is period ==

This is a cool article. I was under the impression that fake gemstones were period no? I heard once they were made out of glass or glass paste. I have seen similar things in museums. [[User:Sabine|Sabine]] 06:59, 21 November 2006 (EST)

Indeed some of the info about particular imiattions says which were period substitutions. It would be great to have more detail though. I've edited the introduction to enhance the mention that imitation gemstones is a period practise. If anyone fancies oing a google search, links ot period examples of carbacons and other imitations would be much appreciated.[[User:Tiff|Tiff]]

You might try [http://www.goldsmith.it/us/culturale/storia/coronaferrea/coronaferrea.html] This will take you to an Italian website that analyzes the gemstones in the Iron Crown. Crown Jewels Timeline [http://www.willofyre.com/CoronetResearchPage.htm] shows several excellent examples of period jewelry. Pliny the Elder mentions that common gemstones were sometimes palmed off as precious stones, such as claiming a rock crystal as diamond. Other times it was a case of mistaken identity, such as mistaking red spinel for ruby. I did recommend some out-of-period stones, chiefy from a concern for economy. A $100 tourmaline may seem quite expensive until you compare it with a $1000 emerald of the same weight and cut. [[User:Ld Hærek|Ld Hærek]]

== Photos! ==

I was in a museum in NYC 2 weeks ago and I got some close-ups of fake gems on a statue. I don't have time to put them up right now but I wanted you to know they were there. [[User:Sabine|Sabine]] 15:40, 6 January 2007 (EST)

http://cunnan.sca.org.au/wiki/Image:FakeGems01.jpg

http://cunnan.sca.org.au/wiki/Image:FakeGems02.jpg

File:FakeGems02.jpg

2007-01-06T04:38:13Z

Sabine: Hem of a limestone and polycrome Virgin Mary statue, ca. 1350, in The Cloisters Museum, New York. Photo by Sabine Berard.

Hem of a limestone and polycrome Virgin Mary statue, ca. 1350, in The Cloisters Museum, New York. Photo by Sabine Berard.

File:FakeGems01.jpg

2007-01-06T04:37:40Z

Sabine: Hem of a limestone and polycrome Virgin Mary statue, ca. 1350, in The Cloisters Museum, New York. Photo by Sabine Berard.

Hem of a limestone and polycrome Virgin Mary statue, ca. 1350, in The Cloisters Museum, New York. Photo by Sabine Berard.

Talk:Order of the Golden Rapier

2006-11-30T17:16:19Z

Sabine:

You're making miss my fencing days back East. :) You could redirect one of these pages so they go to the same definition page. [[User:Sabine|Sabine]] 04:16, 1 December 2006 (EST)

Snood

2006-11-28T15:39:48Z

Sabine: added content

A '''snood''' is a hairnet worn by ladies. It is depicted in [[medieval]] artwork and archaeology from the [[13th century]] onward. In period, they were made by netting and possible by crochet in very late period. A similar item, called a '''caul''' is made out of solid [[fabric]] such as [[linen]].

Snoods are popular headwear at [[SCA]] [[events]] and Rennaisance fairs. Hair styles and hats are a complicated affair throughout much of the [[middle ages]]. A snood is something that can be purchased cheap, is easy to wear, and enhances a lady's [[garb]]. It is also a convenient [[medievaloid]] way to keep your hair out of your face when working.
[[category:clothing]]

Client

2006-11-28T15:15:26Z

Sabine:

A '''client''' is a term [[SCA]] [[herald]]s (especially [[book heraldry|book heralds]]) often use for the person they are doing work for. If someone asks a herald to help document a name for them, this person is referred to as the herald's client.

Tenné

2006-11-28T15:08:51Z

Sabine: SCA heraldry sentence

<div style="float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;">[[Image:tenné.PNG]]</div>

In [[heraldry]], '''tenné''' indicates an [[orange]], or tawney, [[tincture]]. It is extremely rare in English heraldry.
Sometimes classified as one of the [[stains]]. Occasionally called [[bruske]].

Tenné is not permitted in SCA heraldry.
[[Category:Device heraldry]]

Maltese cross

2006-11-28T15:01:35Z

Sabine:

<div style="float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;">[[Image:crossmaltese.PNG]]</div>

In [[heraldry]], a '''Maltese cross''' is a [[cross]] whose arms flare out to wide indented ends. They are often drawn with the arms narrowing to a single point in the centre. The cross became the symbol of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem during the [[Crusades]].

[[Category:Device heraldry]]

Inescutcheon

2006-11-28T15:00:31Z

Sabine: multiples

<div style="float:right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em;">[[Image:inescutcheon.PNG]]</div>

In [[heraldry]] a '''inescutcheon''' is a [[subordinary]] in the shape of a [[shield]]. It is sometimes referred to as an '''escutcheon''', though this term often refers to the larger shield itself.

An [[augmentation of arms]] is sometimes displayed ''in escutcheon'' on a shield.

Multiple escutcheons can be used as a regular [[charge]] and are seen in early heraldry.

[[Category:Device heraldry]]

Viol

2006-11-28T03:55:31Z

Sabine:

The '''viol''', also called the '''viola da gamba''', is a stringed instrument similar to a [[violin]] or [[viola]]. While the viol is said to have been first seen in [[Europe]] by the [[15th century]], images in the [[Manesse Codex]], dating to the early [[14th century]], show a viol or viol-like instrument. [[Early music]] groups often include a viol.

'''Links to Manesse Codex images of the viol:'''

http://www.tempora-nostra.de/tempora-nostra/manesse.php?id=203&tfl=4

http://www.tempora-nostra.de/tempora-nostra/manesse.php?id=203&tfl=46

http://www.tempora-nostra.de/tempora-nostra/manesse.php?id=203&tfl=105

http://www.tempora-nostra.de/tempora-nostra/manesse.php?id=203&tfl=130

http://www.tempora-nostra.de/tempora-nostra/manesse.php?id=203&tfl=138

Entertainers clothing

2006-11-28T03:34:05Z

Sabine: links

A musicians clothing was brightly [[colour]]ed so they'd stand out in the crowd, otherwise it was basically the same as the [[period]] they are in.

Period vs. Period-Style

2006-11-28T03:25:43Z

Sabine: links, spelling

As a general term, something which is ''period'' is '''something directly attested by primary sources''', e.g. a [[recipe]] from a [[period]] source or an article of clothing which has been preserved; something which is ''period-style'' is '''something which attempts to be true to the style in primary sources''', e.g. a recipe which, while not found in any period source, uses the same principles of healthy eating, available & likely [[food]]-stuffs and so forth, or an article of clothing which is cut similarly to an actual artifact.

''Periodoid'' indicates '''something which is pseudo-period''', e.g. honey-butter or a [[cloak]] with a vampire's picture on it. Periodoid things are not [[medieval]] and never were, but to our eyes (or some of our eyes) they appear to be. They might also be described as [[medjeeval]] or [[medievaloid]].

Marijuana

2006-11-27T04:17:03Z

Sabine:

Cannabis was found on a [[3rd century]] Punic war [[ship]] near [[Sicily]]. It is speculated that it was for use by the crew.

A 1480 [[cookbook]], ''De Honesta Voluptate et Valetudine'' gives a recipe for marijuana [[bread]] to be used for [[medicine|medicinal]] purposes.

The use of the cannabis plant for [[hemp]] products such as rope and [[textile]]s is found through the ancient and medieval world.

See also:

* [http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198606/the.punic.warship.htm Article - The Punic Warship]
* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/341981.stm Article - Medieval cookbook for sale]
* [http://mojo.calyx.net/~olsen/HEMP/IHA/jiha5208.html Physical evidence for the antiquity of ''Cannabis sativa'' L.]

Martlet

2006-11-20T20:01:59Z

Sabine:

[[Image:Martlet.jpg|right|150px]]
The '''martlet''' is an [[heraldry|heraldic]] curiosity, insomuch as that, while it does not exist in Real Life, it is firmly ensconced in the heraldic firmament, and can justify itself.

Principally encountered in [[device|coats]] derived from the [[attributed arms]] of [[Edward the Confessor]], where a [[cross]] ''[[Or]]'' is surrounded by four martlets, also ''Or'', the marlet is a footless [[dove]]. The ruffles of [[feather]]s at the "thigh" remain but of leg there is none. Otherwise the [[bird]] is entirely normal (unless you credit allegations that some heralds also chose to depict it beak-less).

The marlet is believed to be inspired by the [[swallow]], which is rarely if ever seen to land. From this the [[medieval]] mind conceived of a bird incapable of landing, constantly in flight, even sleeping on the wing (which may, in itself, have been inspired by seeing sea-gulls and the like hanging on the wind apparently asleep). So, never landing, the martlet lost its need for feet and did without them.

See also:
* [[animals (Heraldry)|Animals in heraldry]]
* [[Heraldic beast]]s

In the [[SCA]] there is a joke that [[Baron|Court Baron]]s are "House Martlet" since they have no land.

[[category:device heraldry]]

Talk:Imitation Gemstones

2006-11-20T19:59:28Z

Sabine: fake is period

Fencing

2006-11-20T19:43:27Z

Sabine:

'''Fencing''' (the Art of Defence, Rapier Combat, Period Fencing, Light Combat - the term used varies a great deal from place to place) is a form of [[sword]]-fighting that became popular in late [[period]]. With the rise of the [[musket]], heavy [[Plate Armour|plate armour]] became almost useless and was shed by some in exchange for light [[armour]] and light [[weapon]]ry such as the [[rapier]] - which were quick and effective (in civilian situations).

==Fencing in the SCA==
===Overview===
In 1979 the [[Society for Creative Anachronism]] ([[SCA]]) introduced [[rapier]] rules, allowing [[fencing]] within the organization. Since that time, fencing has gained a significant following in the SCA and tournaments with over one hundred competitors are not uncommon at larger events. The ultimate goal of SCA fencing as stated by the rules is to safely simulate fencing "with a real blade, extremely sharp on point and edge."

SCA fencing usually entails bouts between a pair of combatants but the rules also allow competition between groups of fencers. "Battles" with over one hundred fencers on each side are common at large gatherings.

===Rules===
As fencing in the SCA is intended to be first and foremost fun, safety is the primary concern. All fencing practices and tournaments in the SCA are run by fencing marshals who are warranted to watch for unsafe behavior, inspect equipment, and authorize others to fence. The authorization process includes a test of knowledge of fencing rules and bouts fought with previously authorized fencers under the marshal's supervision; the goal is to not to prove the fencer's ability to win bouts, but his or her ability to participate safely and courteously in both tournaments and casual sparring. No fencer may compete in an SCA tournament until he or she has passed authorization.

*[http://www.sca.org/officers/marshal/combat/rapier/index.html The SCA's rapier rules]

====The Fencing List Field====
SCA fencing is conducted "in-the-round," rather than back and forth on a linear strip as in conventional sport fencing. The fencers may move freely within a designated fighting space called the "list field". These fields may be any size and are often outdoors.

====Valid Attacks====
As in sport [[epee|épée]], the entire body is considered a valid target, and priority (right-of-way) plays no part in the rules.

Both the point and edge of the blade may score touches.

The point is used primarily for thrusts, naturally. However, in some [[Kingdom]]s, '''tip-cuts''' are valid. Tip-cuts are made by dragging the tip across the target area without the forward pressure required for a thrust.

The edge is used for draw-cuts (placing the blade and pulling it on the opponent's body), push-cuts (the same, only pushing rather than pulling), and percussive blows with the edge of the blade. Percussive blows are only legal under the "cut and thrust rapier" rules.

The rules defining a valid blow vary from kingdom (region) to kingdom, and are set by the kingdom's marshalate. Before competing against fencers from other kingdoms, rules and attack calibrations must be discussed and the rules of the encounter chosen in order to ensure a fair and courteous contest. The SCA provides a common set of rules governing all fencing within the SCA and these are often used as the standard in multi-kingdom gatherings. Kingdoms are allowed to make their own rules more restrictive but may not relax any restrictions outlined in the SCA's rapier combat rules.

Within the SCA, it is the responsibility of the fencer being hit to acknowledge a valid attack from the opponent. The SCA does not use fencing directors or judges. The fighting is overseen by a marshal who monitors the bout for safety and who can provide an "extra pair of eyes," if so requested by the fencers. The marshal has the ability to warn or remove a fighter from the bout for safety or other rules violations and may stop the bout at any time.

Bouts usually continue until one fighter strikes a "fatal" blow. A fighter may also yield (concede victory to the opponent) at any time during the bout. A "fatal" blow is defined as a valid attack to the head, torso, or major artery.

Attacks to the legs or arms are considered "disabling". A disabled fencer loses the use of the disabled limb.

====Gear====
=====Protective Gear=====
Participants generally cannot wear the protective gear of conventional sport fencing as it often does not pass the SCA safety requirements. This is because conventional sport protective gear is designed to protect the front of the body and uses lighter material on the back whereas SCA safety standards require equal protection on the front and back of the torso.

======Masks, Helmets, and Rigid Protection======
SCA fencers wear a mask that will withstand a 12 kilo punch test or the equivalent. Steel recreations of late period helmets have also been used. Gaps that might permit a blade are filled with perforated steel plates.

A male fencer is required to wear a [[jockstrap|protective cup]] (UK: box). Rigid breast protection is encouraged for female fencers.

When using heavy rapiers fencers are required to protect the throat with a gorget (protective collar) of either steel or thick leather.

======Body Protection======
An SCA fencer is not allowed to show any bare skin when entering the list field. The torso, head, neck, and groin must be covered by "puncture-resistant" material (4 oz or 110 g leather, four layers of trigger cloth, or the equivalent). To protect the back of the head a fencer must wear a fencing coif or hood of "puncture-resistant" material covering all of the head not covered by the fencing mask itself. "Puncture-resistant" material must pass either a commercial 550 [[newton]] garment punch test devices or a standardized SCA test device designed to deliver 1.5 [[joule]]s of energy to a 4 mm circle.

The extremities are protected by "abrasion-resistant" (one layer of trigger cloth or the equivalent thereof) material.

The hands are protected by gloves of at least "abrasion-resistant" material.

Feet shall be protected by boots, shoes, or sandals, comprised of at
least "abrasion-resistant" material. In many kingdoms, footwear must completely enclose the foot; in some, such as the Midrealm, boots above the ankle are required.

=====Blades=====
The SCA allows a wide variety of different blades. Each kingdom sets its own rules regarding which types of blades are or are not legal. The length of a blade is not regulated, but "heavy rapiers" may not be used in the same bouts as epees and foils.

The Society as a whole is moving towards the use of "heavy rapiers" (originally with schlagers but now more commonly with reproduction practice rapiers), usually tipped with an archery blunt. Everything from French foil and epée grips with theatrical ambidextrous bells to period swept-hilts and early post-period cup rapier hilts are seen. The more period hilts are greatly preferred and there is a general movement towards more accurate weapon simulators. Foils and épées, being too light (less than 1.5 pounds, as opposed to the approximately 2.5 to 5 pounds of period rapiers and cut-and-thrust swords) and too easily broken for even semi-period technique, are gradually being abandoned.

Although common in period, rapier hilts that are likely to catch, break or damage an opponent's blade are forbidden.

Some of the most common blade types are listed below:

======Light Rapier Blades======
* Foil
* Épée
* Fiberglass blades

======Heavy Rapier Blades======
* [[Schlager]]
* Del Tin Rapier
* Hanwei Rapier
* Darkwood Rapier

=====Daggers=====
In SCA fencing, the dagger may be employed for offensive, as well as defensive, purposes.

Daggers may both thrust and cut. Although the dagger is most commonly carried in the off-hand and employed primarily as a parrying implement, bouts between dagger-armed fencers are far from unknown.

=====Case of Rapiers=====
The SCA also allows fencers the option of fighting with a case (pair) of rapiers (often shortened to "case"). The off-hand rapier may be employed for both offensive and defensive purposes. Although a powerful combination in the hands of a skilled fencer, case of rapiers is perhaps the most difficult style of SCA fencing to master. This style is also called [[Florentine]].

=====Shields=====
The use of a shield, buckler, or target in the off hand is allowed by SCA rapier rules. Some groups restrict the size of the shield. The period use of the shield or buckler as an offensive weapon is forbidden.

=====Cloaks and Capes=====
The cloak or cape is often [[Companion weapon|used in the off-hand to parry]] or beat away blades. Unsafe period techniques such as throwing the cloak in the opponent's face are forbidden.

=====Miscellaneous=====
Many other items have been used as off-hand weapons in the SCA and the rules provide the marshalate with a great deal of flexibility.

Aside from bucklers and shields, common rigid parrying devices include batons, canes, and scabbards. Fencers have been known to take the field carrying large tankards (usually plastic), rubber "bread loaves," and numerous other "silly parrying devices."

Pistol simulators may also be used as off-hand parrying devices once their single rubberband projectile has been fired.

As in the case of the buckler, all defensive offhand items are prohibited from striking any part of the opponent's body.

====Competitions and Format====
=====Tournaments=====
SCA tournaments are usually conducted in rounds with winners of each round advancing towards the finals.

Some common tournament formats are:
* Single or Double elimination
* Swiss five
* Passe de Armes
* Scenarios (including group combat, terrain, obstacles, and more)

=====Mêlées=====
Mêlées between groups of fencers often take place at SCA events; these can be merely mock-brawls between disorganized "factions," but sophisticated small unit tactics are often seen. At [[Pennsic]] or the Gulf War it is not unknown for more than two hundred fencers to take the field for a "battle".

The SCA also allows simulations of period firearms to be used under certain conditions in fencing mêlées.

These simulations fire large "rubber bands" made of surgical tubing looped around and securely joined. "Wheel lock" pistols are most common, but muskets are not unknown.

This ammunition has enough mass to allow the target to feel its impact through fencing armor, but is light enough to prevent injury. Some SCA fencers have even built light cannon firing as many as fourteen rubber bands at a single shot, thus simulating the effects of grape shot.

===History===
The first set of SCA fencing rules was published in the Kingdom of Ansteorra by Tivar Moondragon. Tivar is the premier member of the Order of the [[White Scarf]] of [[Ansteorra]] which was created in March of 1979, and therefore the first White Scarf in the [[Known World]]. Please note, that not every Kingdom has signed the White Scarf Treaty - nevertheless there's fencing in all SCA Kingdoms except [[Calontir]].

'''SCA Fencing Timeline'''
* May 1, 1966 - The SCA is founded in Berkeley, California.
* March 1979 - The Kingdom of [[Ansteorra]] creates the Order of the White Scarf.
* October 1987 - The Kingdom of the [[Outlands]] signs a treaty to create an Order of the White Scarf.
* June 1992 - The Kingdom of the [[Trimaris]] signs the [[White Scarf Treaty]].
* Spring 1994 - [[Atenveldt]] and [[An Tir]] Sign the White Scarf Treaty.
* January 1996 - [[Atlantia]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.
* November 1996 - [[Caid]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.
* October 1997 - [[Æthelmearc]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.
* January 1998 - [[Artemisia]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.
* July 2002 - [[Lochac]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.
* October 2004 - [[Northshield]] signs the White Scarf Treaty.
* January 21, 2006 - The SCA Board of Directors approves new rapier rules including percussive cuts for "cut and thrust" rapier.

===Fencing Titles and Awards===
There are many different awards for fencing within the Society.

====Interkingdom Awards====
* [[Laurel|The Order of the Laurel]] - Some fencers have been elevated to the Order of the Laurel for research into historical fencing technique.
* [[White Scarf|The Order of the White Scarf]] - The White Scarf is an interkingdom award recognizing excellence in SCA fencing. It is recognized in 11 different kingdoms.

====Kingdom Awards====
* [[Guildmaster of Defense]] - This is an award used by the [[West Kingdom]] to recognize fencing excellence.
* [[Order of the Golden Rapier]] - This is the [[East Kingdom]] order for excellence in rapier combat.
* [[The Company of the Bronze Ring]] - The [[Midrealm]] order for fencing skill.
* [[The Meridian Order of the Blade]] - The [[Meridies]] order for fencing skill.
* The Order of the Queen's Blade
* The Order of The Dragon's Steel - This award is given in the Kingdom of Drachenwald to "those members of the foil, epee and schlaeger fighting community, who exemplify courtesy, chivalry, dedicated patronage to the arts and sciences and show continual service to local branches and the Kingdom of Drachenwald and who shall have displayed superior abilities in light weaponry". It carries with it a Grant of Arms. Before creating a new member of the Order, the Crown must consult with the Order.

===Cut and Thrust Swordplay===
Not long ago, an experimental project began with the goal of legalizing percussive cutting actions in some forms of SCA rapier combat. Percussive cuts allow fencers to accurately recreate a broader range of the techniques discussed in late period (1500-1600) manuals. This experiment was halted pending review by the SCA's Board of Directors and was approved for permanent addition to the rules in January of 2006.

===Historical Fencing and the SCA===
Along with their practice of fencing, many SCA fencers also study period fencing manuals such as those by [[Capo Ferro]], [[di Grassi]], [[Camillo Agrippa]], and [[Jerónimo Sánchez de Carranza|Carranza]]. However, the safety rules and weapon simulators used by SCA fencers prevent many of the concepts in period manuals being implemented. This is not necessarily a criticism; the need to maintain a fun atmosphere, minimize the cost of equipment, and encourage fencers to continue participating in the SCA makes it impossible to demand the level of training needed to safely practice true period technique, as done by stricter historical fencing groups.

===Criticism===
==== Adjudication of Wounds ====
===== Disabling limbs =====
Fencers in other groups have argued that the SCA's system for wounding and disabling limbs is an unrealistic portrayal of combat.[http://www.thearma.org/essays/kneel.htm]

===== Acknowledging blows =====
It is possible within the SCA's rules to refuse to acknowledge a valid hit in order to win a bout. This occurs often enough that the slang term "[[Rhino|Rhinohide]]" is used to describe an SCA combatant who fails to accept a valid attack. In extreme or obvious cases, a marshal can warn the offending fighter or remove him or her from the tournament. In some rare cases, repeat offenders have had their fighting privileges temporarily or even permanently revoked.

==== Historical Accuracy ====
SCA fencing has been criticized for not accurately recreating the art of fence as practised during the stated pre-1600 period.

====Draw cuts====
Some fencers argue that draw cuts are not martially sound techniques and make cutting a due tempi ("double time") action, whereas a percussive cutting action would be in stesso tempo ("single time").

===External links===
====SCA Rules and Information====
*[http://www.sca.org/ The official website of the SCA]
*[http://www.sca.org/officers/marshal/combat/rapier/index.html The SCA's rapier rules]

====Merchants====
*[http://www.alcheminc.com/ Alchem Inc.] (Very Period Looking Blade)
*[http://members.tripod.com/%7ECapt_Thornes_Armory/ Captin Thorne's Armory] (Swords by a Swordsman)
*[http://www.darkwoodarmory.com/ Darkwood Armory] (Authentic Period Swords)
*[http://www.jamesthejust.com/ James the Just] (Custom Swords)
*[http://www.medievalcollectibles.com/ Medieval Collectibles] Fencing rapiers and Equipment
*[http://www.zenwarriorarmory.com/ Zen Warrior Armory] (a popular SCAdian fencing merchant)

====SCA Fencing Households====
*[http://www.tadcastermilitia.com/ The Tadcaster Militia] - An academy of the East Kingdom League of Rapier Academies located at the Bhakail Baronial Fencing Practice
*TEΔ - An East Kingdom academy that is affiliated with the Tadcaster Militia (currently, however, there is only one member)
[[Category:Historical fencing]]
[[Category:Medieval reenactment]]

Florentine fighter

2006-11-20T19:42:05Z

Sabine: added fencing sentence

'''Florentine''' is an [[SCA]] [[fighting]] style in which the [[fighter]] uses two [[sword]]s (either a [[broadsword]] and [[short sword]], or two [[broadsword]]s). This term also refers to fighting with [[Fencing#Case_of_Rapiers|two rapiers]] in [[fencing]].

The advantage of this style of fighting is that you can attack your opponent on both sides, your opponent has '''two''' [[weapon]]s they need to worry about being smacked with, and you have more vision.

Disadvantages are that you don't have someting to hide behind, you're prone to [[slot shot]]s and are generally exposed all round, and you'll need to be quicker in your fighting (to block quicker, to move out of the way of shots etc.)

It is not recommended as the first style of fighting to learn because of the agility, ambidexterity, and understanding of how the weapons move and an understanding of general [[SCA]] fighting which is required.

== Historical Usage==

Not a demonstratably historical fighting style for battle or for tournament, it does have a basis in reality for late [[period]] civillian duelling with rapiers where it is referred to as a ''case of [[rapier]]s''. Examples of cases of [[rapier]] have been found, but the extent of their use is debated.

It is an unlikely historical style in either early period combat where a [[shield]] is preferable or in later combat where the [[shield]] was less necessary due to the more effective [[armour]] as a single handed [[sword]] is unlikely to penetrate [[harness|plate harness]], and [[weapon]]s such as the [[pole axe]] gained a greater footing. It may have been an option of last resort.

== Beginner Florentine Tips ==

* Keep the tips of your [[weapon]]s up. This increases your defense greatly.
* When executing a combo, strike and reset after a few swings. Anything after that will be clumsy and poorly executed when your skill is low.
* Strike as you back up to reset. A lot of the time, your opponent will see you start to move back, and not expect you to strike.
[[category:combat]][[category:SCAism]]

Dolphin

2006-11-09T22:37:51Z

Sabine:

A heraldic '''dolphin''' is considered a [[Heraldic_beast|monster]], not a [[fish]]. Its default posture is ''embowed-counterembowed'', with the body forming an 'S' shape.

John Barleycorn

2006-11-09T22:19:44Z

Sabine:

'''John Barleycorn''' is the personification of the crop [[barley]] and by extension the [[alcohol]]ic beverages made from it. "He" features in folksongs, stories and sayings.

==External Links==
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Barleycorn

Citrine

2006-11-09T22:16:57Z

Sabine:

'''Citrine''' is a pale [[yellow]] variety of quartz. Natural citrine is rare; most of it on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst. In [[ancient]] times citrine was known as ''chryselectrum'', a catch-all term that included topaz, citrine, [[amber]], and perhaps even golden beryl. During the [[Middle Ages]] citrine was frequently confused with golden topaz. Even in the mid-twentieth century it was often sold as "citrine topaz".
[[category:gemstones]]

Embowed

2006-11-09T21:43:03Z

Sabine:

'''Embowed''' in [[heraldry]] simply means ''bent''. For humans, this would indicate a bent arm or leg. For fish and [[dolphin]]s, this would be a posture where the body faces inward, forming a [[crescent]].

Heraldry

2006-11-09T21:36:37Z

Sabine:

[[Image:Herald.png|right|Herald's badge]]
'''Heraldry''' is the [[medieval]] [[A&S|art and science]] that deals with the creation, use, and recognition of visual displays that identify an individual person, [[guild]], [[town]], [[officer|office]] or other entity. This was typically done through much of the [[Middle Ages]] using a [[paint]]ed [[shield]] which bore a (largely) unique arrangement of [[Line_divisions|division lines]], and objects known as "[[charges]]". Early in the Medieval [[period]], this "[[coat of arms]]" was unique to an individual, only becoming associated with a family in the late [[Renaissance]].

In modern and period worlds, heraldry tends to be governed by the [[laws|rules]] set by the [[herald]]s of the [[College of Arms]].

== Heraldry in the SCA ==
In the [[SCA]], heraldry is concerned with [[ceremony|ceremonies]] and [[Court]]s, the crying of announcements and proclaimations, the pomp and circumstance of the [[Tournament]], and the authentication and registration of [[member]]s' [[persona]] [[names]] and [[arms]] or [[badge]]s. These areas of interest give rise to the terms "[[court heraldry]]" and "field (or list) heraldry" (both also known as "[[voice heraldry]]") and "[[book heraldry]]" (which also includes the background work and research in arranging ceremonies).
The SCA [[symbol]] for a [[herald]] is ''"[[Vert]], two [[cornet]]s in [[saltire]] [[Or]]"''.

The SCA has its own [[College of Arms]].

== Book Heraldry ==
=== [[Device]]s ===
*[[Tincture]]
*[[Line divisions]]
*[[Charges]]
**[[Animals (Heraldry)|Animals]]
***[[Heraldic beast]]s
**[[Plants as heraldic charges|Plants]]
**[[Body parts as heraldic charges|Body parts]]
**[[Weapons as heraldic charges|Weapons]]
**[[Buildings as heraldic charges|Buildings]]
**[[General objects as heraldic charges|General objects]]
**[[Geometric shapes as heraldic charges|Geometric shapes]]
**[[Cross]]es
**[[ordinary|Ordinaries]]
*[[Blazon]]ing
*[[Heraldic achievement]]
*[[Badge]]s
*[[Regalia]]

=== [[Names]] ===
*[[Byzantine Names]]
*[[Old English Names]]
*[[Norse Names]]
*[[Old German Names]]
*[[French Names]]
*[[Italian Names]]

''See also:''
*[[alternate titles]]
*[http://www.s-gabriel.org/ Academy of Saint Gabriel] - Medieval name research
*[[attributed arms]] -- some medieval fictions

== Court and Ceremonies ==
* [http://www2.kumc.edu/itc/staff/rknight/Vocal.htm VOCAL HERALDRY: A General Overview] (See section on Court Heraldry)

== List-Field Heraldry ==
* [http://www2.kumc.edu/itc/staff/rknight/Vocal.htm VOCAL HERALDRY: A General Overview] (See section on Field Heraldry)

== External Links ==

=== General Heraldry ===
*Francois Velde's [http://www.heraldica.org/ Heraldica]
*[http://www.heraldica.org/topics/glossary/atlas.htm Heraldic Atlas] - Clickable atlas of heraldic charges

=== SCA Heraldry ===
*[http://www.sca.org/heraldry SCA Heraldry Site]
*[http://www2.kumc.edu/itc/staff/rknight/Heraldry.htm Modar's Heraldry Page]

=== Rolls of Arms - SCA ===
* [http://www2.kumc.edu/itc/staff/rknight/Heraldry2.htm#Rolls Armorials of SCA Heraldry] - Heraldry of SCA Kingdoms, Principalities, Regions & Groups
* [http://www.aeheralds.net/rolls/index.php Æthelmearc Roll of Arms]
* [http://badger.cx/heraldry/roll/ An Tir Roll of Arms] 3rd On-line Kingdom Armorial
* [http://heraldry.griffin-dor.org/Ansteorra/ Ansteorra Roll of Arms]
* [http://heraldry.griffin-dor.org/Artemisia/index.php Artemisia Roll of Arms]
* [http://www.geocities.com/dakea/ Calontir Roll of Arms] 1st On-line Kingdom Armorial
* [http://drachenwald.rollofarms.org/ Drachenwald Roll of Arms]
* [http://www.sca.org.au/herald/LRoA/index.php Lochac Roll of Arms]
* [http://pennon.org/armorial/ Meridies Roll of Arms] 2nd On-line Kingdom Armorial
* [http://northshield.rollofarms.org/ Northshield Roll of Arms]
* [http://wharrow.outlandsheralds.org/ Outlands Roll of Arms]
* [http://rolls.westkingdom.org/ West Kingdom Roll of Arms]

=== Rolls of Arms - Historic ===
*[http://www2.kumc.edu/itc/staff/rknight/Heraldry2.htm#Historic Historic Heraldic Rolls of Arms]
*[http://www.wappenbuch.de/index.htm Siebmacher's Wappenbuch]
*[http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ZurichRoll/ Zurich Roll of Arms: Devices Reconstructed]
*[http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/wmss/medieval/mss/lat/misc/e/086.htm Treatises on Heraldry - Bodleian Library (Oxford University)]
*[http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/wmss/medieval/mss/top/glouc/d/002.htm Tewkesbury Abbey Book (with Heraldry) - Bodleian Library (Oxford University)]
*[http://www.tempora-nostra.de/tempora-nostra/manesse.php?id=203 Manesse Codex]

[[category:Heraldry]]

Tassel

2006-11-09T21:33:30Z

Sabine:

'''Tassels''' are bunches of tied threads that may have a series of dangling threads from the end not tied to an object. They are typically see on the edges of [[cushion]]s. In the [[middle ages]], tassels were used to decorate the corners of [[pouch|purses]].

==Tassels in the SCA==
Tassels are used to decorate [[banner]]s, [[cloth]]s, [[clothing]], poles etc. and can be given to others as [[favour]]s.

In [[Lochac]], they are also used as "prizes" for the winners of [[tournament]]s and other competitions. Traditionally the victor attaches the tassel to his banner, or gives it to his/her [[consort]] to attach to theirs because they inspired them to victory in honourable [[combat]] over the field.

That doesn't mean you can't make and wear your own tassels. Just try not to display them in a way that infers you won them (eg. a single colour tassel attached to your banner).

===Tassel Colours===
At [[Stormhold]]'s [[Monthly Bash]]:
* [[Red]] = [[heavy fighter]]'s [[tournament]] [[champion]]
* [[White]] = [[rapier]] fighter's tournament champion
* [[Green]] = [[light fighter|light fighting]] tournament champion
* [[Blue]] and [[yellow]] = most [[chivalry|chivalric]] fighter

At other [[Lochac]] tournaments (not widely used any more, except in Stormhold)
* [[Gold]] = [[Crown Tourney]]
* [[Silver]] = [[Coronet]] Tourney
* Blue/Red/White = [[Viceregal Tourney]]
* Blue = Open Weapons
* [[Purple]] = [[Chivalric weapon]]s
* [[Brown]] = [[Melee]]
* Green/Purple = [[Pandybat]]
* Green/[[Orange]] = [[Poisoned Weapons Tourney]]

==Internal Links==
''See also:''
*[[How to make tassels]]
[[category:SCAism]][[category:artefact (medieval)]]

Tassel

2006-11-09T21:33:15Z

Sabine: pouches, spelling

'''Tassels''' are bunches of tied threads that may have a series of dangling threads from the end not tied to an object. They are typically see on the edges of [[cushion]]s. In the [[middle ages]], tassels were used to decorate the corners of [[pouch|purses]].

==Tassels in the SCA==
Tassels are used to decorate [[banner]]s, [[cloth]]s, [[clothing]], poles etc. and can be given to others as [[favour]]s.

In the [[Lochac]], they are also used as "prizes" for the winners of [[tournament]]s and other competitions. Traditionally the victor attaches the tassel to his banner, or gives it to his/her [[consort]] to attach to theirs because they inspired them to victory in honourable [[combat]] over the field.

That doesn't mean you can't make and wear your own tassels. Just try not to display them in a way that infers you won them (eg. a single colour tassel attached to your banner).

===Tassel Colours===
At [[Stormhold]]'s [[Monthly Bash]]:
* [[Red]] = [[heavy fighter]]'s [[tournament]] [[champion]]
* [[White]] = [[rapier]] fighter's tournament champion
* [[Green]] = [[light fighter|light fighting]] tournament champion
* [[Blue]] and [[yellow]] = most [[chivalry|chivalric]] fighter

At other [[Lochac]] tournaments (not widely used any more, except in Stormhold)
* [[Gold]] = [[Crown Tourney]]
* [[Silver]] = [[Coronet]] Tourney
* Blue/Red/White = [[Viceregal Tourney]]
* Blue = Open Weapons
* [[Purple]] = [[Chivalric weapon]]s
* [[Brown]] = [[Melee]]
* Green/Purple = [[Pandybat]]
* Green/[[Orange]] = [[Poisoned Weapons Tourney]]

==Internal Links==
''See also:''
*[[How to make tassels]]
[[category:SCAism]][[category:artefact (medieval)]]

Champion

2006-11-09T21:30:56Z

Sabine:

In the dictionary, a '''champion''' is defined as someone who has won first place in a competition, or
someone who fights for a cause. In the SCA, a champion is both.

Many [[group]]s, local and [[kingdom]], have official champions. They can be for [[Heavy_fighting|heavy list]], [[fencing]], or a variety of [[arts and sciences]]. Champions may win a [[tournament]], be selected for their skill, or singled out for their [[chivalry]] and courtesy. Champions are largely symbolic and may form part of the [[royal]] or [[noble]] retinue and stand behind the [[throne]]s. Martial champions are charged with guarding their ruling nobles. Champions may be responsible for serving as an example of good behavior to the [[populace]] and promoting their art or skill.

Champion

2006-11-09T21:29:03Z

Sabine:

In the dictionary, a '''champion''' is defined as someone who has won first place in a competition, or
someone who fights for a cause. In the SCA, a champion is both.

Many [[group]]s, local and [[kingdom]], have official champions. They can be for [[heavy list]], [[fencing]], or a variety of [[arts and sciences]]. Champions may win a [[tournament]], be selected for their skill, or singled out for their [[chivalry]] and courtesy. Champions are largely symbolic and may form part of the [[royal]] or [[noble]] retinue and stand behind the [[throne]]s. Martial champions are charged with guarding their ruling nobles. Champions may be responsible for serving as an example of good behavior to the [[populace]] and promoting their art or skill.

Jew

2006-11-09T21:16:33Z

Sabine: added languages

The '''Jews''' are an ethnic group originating in the [[Mesopotamia]]n region and having spent much of their history in [[Israel]]. They spread throughout [[Europe]] after the revolt of Bar Kochba in AD99. The '''Jews''' also form a religious grouping following the '''Jewish''' religion. The spiritual focus of the '''Jewish''' religion is the [[synagogue]], although by and large '''Jews''' tend to treat attendance at a [[synagogue]] differently to the way that [[catholic]]s treat attendance at [[church]].

== Jewish History in the [[Middle Ages]] and [[Renaissance]] ==

(a very brief and mildly inaccurate outline).

=== Early [[Middle Ages]] ===

In eastern [[Europe]], the main Jewish force from the [[8th century]] onwards was the [http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazars Khazars].

In western [[Europe]], the early [[medieval]] life of the Jews was established by [[Gregory the Great]] and later [[Louis the Pious]] who in turn rejected forced baptism, encouraged favours for the Jewish people, and placed the Jews under the protection of the King. The [[Catholic Church]] had prohibited [[usury]] amongst [[christian]]s, and so the Jews were handed a monopoly in the loaning of money. This made many Jews relatively wealthy.

In one part of Southern [[France]] the Jews established what was effectively a statelet in the area between Provence and the Pyrenees. Septimania, formerly a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] province, came under the authority of one Theoderic, whose dynasty lasted for 70 years, and his administration appears to have been if not controlled then led by '''Jews'''.

Until about 1150 or so, the Jews were variously required to wear particular [[clothing]], constrained from wearing various clothes or types of cloth, banned from bearing arms, banned from participating as wars, classed as ''unfree'', etc. For the money sometimes it wasn't such a bad deal.

=== Later [[Middle Ages]] ===

Between the [[11th century]] and the [[13th century]] things took a drastic turn for the worse. The first great persecutions of the Jews took place during the [[crusade]]s, and greater restrictions were placed on apparel.

The Jews were expelled from [[England]] in 1209, [[France]] in 1306 and again in 1394, subject to the inquisition in [[Spain]] from 1391, expelled from [[Spain]] in 1492 and from [[Portugal]] in 1496. Modern historians rate the expulsion of the Jews from [[Spain]] as the single act that was most greatly to blame for the [[economic]] decline and later collapse of [[Spain]].

=== [[Renaissance]] and [[Reformation]] ===

Things got a lot better in the early [[Reformation]]. The humanist and [[Hebrew]] scholar [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Reuchlin Johann Reuchlin] became the spokesman of the Jews, succesfully arguing with the Emperor Maximilian that the Jews should provide [[Hebrew]] chairs at every German [[university]] for which the Jews should furnish books.

[[Martin Luther]]'s defence of the Jews was published in 1523, but he turned against the Jews in 1542 after which things got bad for the Jews again especially in [[German]] [[Protestant]] areas.

== [[Language]] and [[Custom]]s ==

The primary [[language]] associated with the Jews is [[Hebrew]]. While it has been and remains the standard liturgical language, [[Hebrew]] was not spoken in day-to-day life by Jews from the 10th to 20th centuries A.D., exccept in a religious or scholarly context. Variously throughout the [[Middle Ages]] they were also prohibited from reading, writing, and/or speaking [[Hebrew]], and so other languages came into existence. There are several dozen known Jewish dialects, usually pidgin versions of the local tongue. The most well known are:

* [[Yiddish]], an amalgam of [[Hebrew]], [[German]], [[Russian]] and some [[Polish]], most commonly spoken by [[Ashkenazi]] Jews in Eastern and Central [[Europe]]. It is normally written with the [[Hebrew]] alphabet, although the [[Latin]] alphabet can be used.
* [[Ladino]] (Judeo-espanol), essentially a [[Romance]] dialect, spoken by Jews in [[Spain]], [[Turkey]], [[Italy]], and later [[The Netherlands]].

Others include Judeo-Italian (Italy), Judeo-Tripolitano (Libya), Judeo-Berber (Morocco), and Judeo-Crimean Tatar (Uzbekistan).

== Your [[SCA]] [[Persona]] is a Jew ==

Firstly you need to do a fair amount of reading and [[research]] into the time period. The [[SCA]] covers from the early [[medieval]] period until the late [[Renaissance]] of [[1600]] and the life and times of the Jews changed remarkably during that time period.

* Pick a time period and place. The Jews were widespread throughout [[Europe]], with the main concentrations being in [[Spain]], [[Portugal]], [[Germany]], [[Italy]], and amongst the [http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazars Khazars].
* In doing your research, bear in mind that how non-Jews in the Middle Ages (and largely in modern times) viewed Jews and how they actually lived and viewed themselves can two radically different things. Consider this when evaluating your sources.
* Find a noted Jewish [[scholar]] and quote his works. Often. Consider all other scholars to be mere shadows of his great self. Remember, where two Jews are gathered together, there are at least 3 opinions.
* [[Research]] the [[clothing]] restrictions of the day and area your [[persona]] inhabits, and follow those closely. The [[4th Lateran Council]] might be a good place to start looking.
* Common occupations: The vast majority of Jews were poor: labourers, farmers, scholars, etc. There were occasionally wealthy [[merchant]]s, [[doctor]]s, and especially [[bank]]ers amongst the Jews, however, and these are good target occupations for the Jewish [[SCA]] [[persona]]. The Jews tended not to be [[law]]yers, and were rarely of the [[noble]] or other arms-bearing classes, except amongst the [http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazars Khazars] where even the [[King]] was Jewish. One occupation that Jews in the Middle Ages were particularly known for was long-distance traders.

== Resources ==

* ''[[Compleat Anachronist]] #110: An SCA Guide to Jewish Persona (January 2001).'' Available from the [https://secure.sca.org/cgi-bin/stockclerk/index SCA Marketplace]
* [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/jewish/jewishsbook.html Internet Jewish History Sourcebook]
* Internet Medieval Sourcebook - [http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/sbook1t.html Selected Sources on Medieval Jewish Life]
* [http://www.friends-partners.org/partners/beyond-the-pale/english/06.html Beyond the Pale]
[[category:religion]]

Story telling

2006-11-09T19:10:52Z

Sabine: grammatical edts

'''Story telling''' has a rich history in all cultures. [[Bard]]s, [[skald]]s, and [[troubadour]]s were known through the [[middle ages]] and the telling of a good tale at [[inn]]s, community gatherings, and even at [[court]] was appreciated.

==Story Telling in the SCA==
This tradition has been handed down to the [[SCA]]. Stories are told as entertainment at SCA [[court]]s and [[feast]]s, at [[Arts & Sciences]] competitions, and at [[Bardic_Circle|bardic circle]]s.

Aside from standard medieval stories, the SCA has an [[oral history]] of its own that has developed over the years. Stories are told of the exploits of SCA [[king]]s and [[knight]]s and local characters, [[drunk]]en revelries, embarassing moments, and disastrous [[event]]s that, 10 years later, people can finally "look back and laugh" on. Songs developed about SCA life are also considered [[filk]]. It is perhaps one of the truly anachronistic features of the SCA because while the content of the stories stems from our modern experiences, the development, spread, and sometimes [[mythology|legendary status]] that these stories and their characters take on must be similiar to how stories and legends spread in the [[Middle Ages]].

The common way to begin an SCA-themed story is ''"[[No Shit, There I Was|No shit, there I was]]."''

==Story Sources==
* [[The Decameron]]
* [[Canterbury Tales]]
* [[The Heptameron]]
* [[Mabinogion]]
* [[Fabliaux]]
[[category:arts]]

Events

2006-11-09T18:58:22Z

Sabine: add link

== Topics ==

=== Types of SCA Events ===
*[[Tournament]]
**[[Crown tourney]]
*[[Feast]]
*[[Ball]]
*[[War]]
*[[Camping event]]
*[[Day event]]
*[[Meetings]]
*[[Training sessions]]
*[[Coronation]]
*[[University]]
*[[Symposia]]
*[[Exhibitions]]

=== Australian SCA Events ===
*[[Rowany]] - [[NSW]]
*[[Inter-College War]]
*[[Bal d'Argent]]

==== Melbourne SCA Events ====

*[[Monthly Bash]]
*[[William Marshall]]
*[[Winterfeast]]

==== Rowany Events ====
*[[Cold War]]

=== International SCA Events ===

*[[Estrella War]] ([[Atenveldt]] - February) - http://www.estrellawar.org/
*[[Gulf Wars]] ([[Meridies]] - March) - http://www.gulfwars.org/
*[[Lilies War]] ([[Calontir]] - June) - http://calontir.sca.org/lilieswar/lilieswar.html
*[[Pennsic War]] ([[Æthelmearc]] - August) - http://www.pennsicwar.org/
*[[Great Western War]] ([[Caid]] - October) - http://www.caid-gww.org/
*[[Vinterspelen]] - [[Sweden]]

== Re-Enactment Events ==
This uses the [[Australia]]n terminology of ''Event'' to mean a [[metal weapons group|reenactor]] only event and a ''Show'' to describe an event which is on display to the public. (The North American term for the latter is usually ''demo''.)
Italicised events are open to both reenactors and the SCA.

===Australian Events===
* [[NEMAS]] Easter Gathering- every even Easter- Armidale, NSW
* Australasian Medieval Conference- every odd Easter
* Al Zinj- Blue Mountains, NSW
* Historical Archery Day- August, Newcastle, NSW
* Vlachernai Archery Day- March, Kinglake Park, Vic
* Newcastle Combined Training Day- 3th Quarter, Speers Point, NSW
* Beorg-wic- Dunghaven NSW

===Australian Shows===
* ''Brisbane Medieval Fayre and Tournament, Brisbane, Qld (BuMFAT)''
* ''Melbourne Medieval Fayre and Tournament, Melbourne, Vic (MuMFAT)''
* Abbey Tournament- July, Caboolture, Qld

===European Events===
* Fafnir's Bane Winter Camp- March, Dorchester [[England]]

===European Shows===
* [http://www.hastings.vikingsonline.org.uk/ Hastings Reenactment]- October, Battle, [[England]]
* Tewkesbury Reenactment- May, Tewkesbury [[England]]
* 1st Battle of St Albans Reenactment- May, St Albans [[England]]
* 2nd Battle of St Albans Reenactment- February, St Albans [[England]]
* Bosworth Field Reenactment - August, Bosworth [[England]]
* Marston Moor Reenactment - July, Marston Moor [[England]]
* Elvaston Castle- May, Derby [[England]]
* Tynwald and Peel Viking Festival- July, Isle of Man [[England]]
* Largs- September, Largs [[Scotland]]

===North American Shows===
* Ashville Viking Festival- April, Ashville, Ohio

===North American Events===
* VikingMeet, September, Elk Horn, Iowa
[[category:events]]