Cunnan - User contributions [en]

Colleges

2004-06-14T02:30:31Z

211.30.61.111: colleges don't go into abeyance they become dormant

===Historical colleges===
In the [[13th century]] [[Oxford University]] created colleges in order to lessen rioting between students and townspeople. This century also saw the foundation of the college Peterhouse at [[Cambridge University]]. Colleges were usually named after their founder or a patron saint.

===Colleges in the SCA===
In the [[SCA]] a <b>college</b> is a branch that is based at a teaching institute, such as a [[university]].

====Lochac Colleges====
[[Lochac]] Colleges include
*[[College of St Aldhelm]] - University of Canberra "http://www.sca.org.au/st_aldhelm/"
*[[College of St Augustine]] - University of New South Wales "http://www.sca.org.au/st_augustine/"
*[[College of St Basil the Great]] - University of Western Australia
*[[College of Blessed Herman the Cripple]] - Adelaide University "http://www.sca.org.au/blessed_herman/"
*[[College of St Crispin]] - University of Newcastle "http://www.sca.org.au/st_crispin/"
*[[College of St Gildas the Wise]] - University of Tasmania "http://www.sca.org.au/st_gildas/"
*[[College of St Malachy]] - University of Wollongong "http://www.sca.org.au/st_malachy/"
*[[College of St Monica]] - Monash University "http://www.sca.org.au/st_monica/"
*[[College of St Ursula]] - University of Sydney "http://www.sca.org.au/st_ursula/"

Due to fluctuating membership, colleges sometimes become [[dormant]] (a college is never placed into [[abeyance]] due to membership numbers). Lochac colleges in this category include:
*[[College of St Bartholomew]] - University of Melbourne (currently being revived but still officially dormant).
*[[College of St Cecilia]] - La Trobe University
*[[College of St Christina the Astonishing]] - Flinders University (SA) (proposed)
*[[College of St Julian the Hospitaller]] - Charles Sturt University, Bathurst (NSW)
*[[College of Mimir's Pool]] - Murdoch University (WA)
*[[College of St Odo the Good]] - Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (Proposed)
*[[College of Reannag Fhara]] - University of Canterbury (NZ)
*[[College of St Swithin]] - Swinburne University (Proposed)

The [[College of All Saints]] was closed.

see also the Lochac event [[Inter-College_War]]

Talk:Asia

2003-11-17T07:24:44Z

211.30.61.111:

Does this text mean that after meeting 12 Japanese personae in the SCA I can cheerfully kill off the rest? :)

Read My Lips: '''Western Europe'''

Icelandic Celtic Ninja Bards my big fat a**se!

You can now return to your regularly-scheduled dogma-free Cunnan! :)

[[User:211.30.61.111|211.30.61.111]]

Catholic

2003-11-17T07:17:13Z

211.30.61.111:

Catholic:

(n): A type of [[christian]] that follows the [[doctrine]] of the [[Catholic Church]].

catholic:

(adj): Wide-ranging, especially of taste. To have ''catholic taste'' in [[wine]] you would be appreciative of all different types of wine, including white wines, red wines, fortified wines, sweet wines, dry wines, etc.

Jew

2003-11-17T07:13:57Z

211.30.61.111:

The '''Jews''' are a race of people originating in the [[mesopotamia]]n region and having spent much of their history in [[Israel]]. They spread throughout [[Europe]] after the revolt of Bar Kochba in AD99. The '''Jews''' also form a religious grouping following the '''Jewish''' religion. The intellectual focus of the '''Jewish''' religion is the [[synagogue]], although by and large '''Jews''' tend to treat attendance at a [[synagogue]] differently to the way that [[catholic]]s treat attendance at [[church]].

== Jewish History in the [[Middle Ages]] and [[Renaissance]] ==

(a very brief and mildly inaccurate outline).

=== Early [[Middle Ages]] ===

The early [[medieval]] life of the Jews was established by [[Gregory the Great]] and later [[Louis the Pious]] who in turn rejected forced baptism, encouraged favours for the Jewish people, and placed the Jews under the protection of the King. The [[Catholic Church]] had prohibited [[usury]] amongst [[christian]]s, and so the Jews were handed a monopoly in the loaning of money. This made many Jews relatively wealthy.

Until about 1150 or so, the Jews were variously required to wear particular [[clothing]], constrained from wearing various clothes or types of cloth, banned from bearing arms, banned from participating as wars, classed as ''unfree'', etc. For the money sometimes it wasn't such a bad deal.

=== Later [[Middle Ages]] ===

Between the [[11th century]] and the [[13th century]] things took a drastic turn for the worse. The first great persecutions of the Jews took place during the [[crusade]]s, and greater restrictions were placed on apparel.

The Jews were expelled from [[England]] in 1209, [[France]] in 1306 and again in 1394, subject to the inquisition in [[Spain]] from 1391, expelled from [[Spain]] in 1492 and from [[Portugal]] in 1496. Modern historians rate the expulsion of the Jews from [[Spain]] as the single act that was most greatly to blame for the [[economic]] decline and later collapse of [[Spain]].

=== [[Renaissance]] and [[Reformation]] ===

Things got a lot better in the early [[Reformation]]. The humanist and [[Hebrew]] scholar [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Reuchlin Johann Reuchlin] became the spokesman of the Jews, succesfully arguing with the Emperor Maximilian that the Jews should provide [[Hebrew]] chairs at every German [[university]] for which the Jews should furnish books.

[[Martin Luther]]'s defence of the Jews was published in 1523, but he turned against the Jews in 1542 after which things got bad for the Jews again especially in [[German]] [[Protestant]] areas.

== [[Language]] and [[Custom]]s ==

The primary [[language]] of the Jews is [[Hebrew]]. Variously throughout the [[Middle Ages]] however they were prohibited from reading, writing, and/or speaking [[Hebrew]], and so other languages came into existence. These were, chiefly:

* [[Yiddish]], an amalgm of [[Hebrew]], [[German]], [[Russian]] and some [[Polish]], most commonly spoken by [[Ashkenazi]] Jews in Eastern and Central [[Europe]]. It is normally written with the [[Hebrew]] alphabet, although the [[Latin]] alphabet can be used.
* [[Ladino]], essentially a [[Romance]] dialect, spoken by Jews in [[Spain]], [[Italy]], and later [[The Netherlands]].

== Your [[SCA]] [[Persona]] is a Jew ==

Firstly you need to do a fair amount of reading and [[research]] into the time period. The [[SCA]] covers from the early [[medieval]] period until the late [[Renaissance]] of [[1600]] and the life and times of the Jews changed remarkably during that time period.

* Find a noted Jewish [[scholar]] and quote his works. Often. Consider all other scholars to be mere shadows of his great self. Remember, where two Jews are gathered together, there are at least 3 opinions.
* [[Research]] the [[clothing]] restrictions of the day and area your [[persona]] inhabits, and follow those closely. The [[4th Lateran Council]] might be a good place to start looking.
* Learn some common [[Yiddish]] expressions, notably those of exasperation and belittlement, and bewilder your friends with them.
* Don't talk about money. Except to complain about how little you have, how much this [[cloth]] is costing you, how your [[wife]] eats you out of house and home, and how you can't bear to sell it for the price you are offering but you're doing it for such a fine gentleman as a great favour.
* Common occupations: The vast majority of Jews were poor: labourers, farmers, scholars, etc. There were occasionally wealthy [[merchant]]s, [[doctor]]s, and especially [[bank]]ers amongst the Jews, however, and these are good target occupations for the Jewish [[SCA]] [[persona]]. The Jews tended not to be [[law]]yers, and were universally not of the [[noble]] or other arms-bearing classes.

Hebrew

2003-11-17T06:33:23Z

211.30.61.111:

'''Hebrew''' is a language spoken and written by the [[Jew]]s from the earliest times. It is probably the oldest surviving written [[language]].

A few very basic facts:

*Unlike [[English]] it is written right-to-left. So that the first word of the sentence is in the on the right hand margin of the page, not the left hand margin.
*All of the letters are consonants. There are 22 of them. Vowels are written as a series of dots, dashes, and other marks underneath, or (less commonly) above the letters. One of the consonants (v equivalent) changes its type to a vowel if a dot is written in (o) or above (oo) it.
*Books in '''Hebrew''' are reversed, so that what [[English]] speakers would call the back of the book is the front of the book in '''Hebrew'''. Or, to look at it another way, a '''Hebrew''' book closed on the table in front of you has the opening on the left, rather than right, side.
*The earliest editions of the [[old testament]] of the [[Bible]] were written in '''Hebrew'''.

Summa Theologica

2003-11-12T11:10:24Z

211.30.61.111:

'''Summa Theologica''' is one of the two great works of Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]], the greatest of the [[Scholastics]].

The other one is the [[Summa Contra Gentiles]].

The Summa Theologica is online at http://www.newadvent.org/summa ... to my knowledge, there isn't an online copy of '''Summa Contra Gentiles'''.

[[Thomas Aquinas]] was - and in my opinion still is - the pre-eminent [[Catholic]] [[theologian]]. If you've got a persona that would even be vaguely interested in such things, a brief look at the '''Summa Theologica''' on topics like [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/304001.htm Just War and Tournaments] is probably in order.

Anyone interested in [[Knight]]hood (or for that matter, any of the [[Peer]]ages) could in my view do worse than have a look through the [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/3.htm Second Part of the Second Part] of the '''Summa Theologica''', and see what [[Thomas Aquinas]] had to say about various virtues and vices.

Summa Theologica

2003-11-12T11:09:01Z

211.30.61.111: fixed links and highlights

'''Summa Theologica''' is one of the two great works of Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]], the greatest of the [[Scholastics]].

The other one is the [[Summa Contra Gentiles]].

The Summa Theologica is online at http://www.newadvent.org/summa ... to my knowledge, there isn't an online copy of '''Summa Contra Gentiles'''.

[[Thomas Aquinas]] was - and in my opinion still is - the pre-eminent [[Catholic]] [[theologian]]. If you've got a persona that would even be vaguely interested in such things, a brief look at the '''Summa Theologica''' on topics like [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/304001.htm Just War and Tournaments] is probably in order.

Anyone interested in [[Knight]]hood (or for that matter, any of the [[Peer]]ages) could in my view do worse than have a look through the [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/3.htm Second Part of the Second Part]] of the '''Summa Theologica''', and see what [[Thomas Aquinas]] had to say about various virtues and vices.

Summa Contra Gentiles

2003-11-12T11:08:02Z

211.30.61.111:

Summa Theologica

2003-11-12T11:07:58Z

211.30.61.111:

'''Summa Theologica''' is one of the two great works of Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]], the greatest of the [[Scholastics]].

The other one is the [[Summa Contra Gentiles]].

The Summa Theologica is online at http://www.newadvent.org/summa ... to my knowledge, there isn't an online copy of '''Summa Contra Gentiles'''.

[[Thomas Aquinas]] was - and in my opinion still is - the pre-eminent [[Catholic]] [[theologian]]. If you've got a persona that would even be vaguely interested in such things, a brief look at the [[Summa Theologica]] on topics like [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/304001.htm Just War and Tournaments] is probably in order.

Anyone interested in [[Knight]]hood (or for that matter, any of the [[Peer]]ages) could in my view do worse than have a look through the [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/3.htm Second Part of the Second Part]] of the '''Summa''', and see what [[Thomas Aquinas]] had to say about various virtues and vices.

Summa Contra Gentiles

2003-11-12T11:03:04Z

211.30.61.111: tweak links

'''Summa Contra Gentiles''' is one of the two great works of Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]], the greatest of the [[Scholastics]].

The other one is the [[Summa Theologica]] ... a work that some of you that went to Catholic schools may be familiar with.

The Summa Theologica is online at http://www.newadvent.org/summa ... to my knowledge, there isn't an online copy of SCG.

[[Thomas Aquinas]] was - and in my opinion still is - the pre-eminent [[Catholic]] [[theologian]]. If you've got a persona that would even be vaguely interested in such things, a brief look at the Summa on topics like [http://www.newadvent.org/summa/304001.htm Just War and Tournaments] is probably in order.

Anyone interested in [[Knight]]hood (or for that matter, any of the [[Peer]]ages) could in my view do worse than have a look through the Second Part of the Second Part of the Summa, and see what Aquinas had to say about various virtues and vices.

Anton de Stoc 28/10/03

Astronomy

2003-11-12T10:59:49Z

211.30.61.111: tweak links

Stars (and planets) make consistent patterns. Their positions can be used to determine [[time]], date, etc. They were more significant during [[period]] as no one had yet come up with an explanation that explained all of the heavenly bodies motions (although several theories such as [[Ptolemy's theory of the movement of the spheres]] and the Copernican explanation were suggested). Also the absence of strong artificial light after dark meant that the display of stars was much more interesting than we currently see (from within a [[city]] at any rate)

If you prefer the later Copernican explanation, then it's worth looking at the appendix in [[Leonard Digges]]' called "General Prognostication".

It should also be noted that [[astrology]] is at the heart of [[medicine]] in period, and was quite influential for a lot of important, well educated people (e.g Saint [[Thomas Aquinas]] - see [[Summa Contra Gentiles]]. There are rumours that [[Erasmus]] also occasionally consulted an astrologer).

Ask [[Rudolf von Der Drau]] about his [[astrolabe]]!

''See also:''
* [[Science]]
* [[Quadrivium]]
* [[astrology]]

Religion in the Renaissance

2003-11-10T08:36:32Z

211.30.61.111: added dates, Wyclif, sorted into order

'''Religion in the Renaissance''' can be best summed up by saying that the [[Renaissance]] was a period of huge [[religious]] turmoil. The studies and teachings of the [[Humanists]] eventually lead to the [[Reformation]], and many of the religious debates can be broadly (and as inaccurately as broad generalisations usually are) categorised as a battle between the [[Reformers]] and the [[Catholic Church]], or the [[Humanists]] and the [[Scholastics]].

The battle between the [[Reformers]] and the [[Catholic Church]] more properly belongs to the [[Reformation]] than the [[Renaissance]] however.

Having said that, the man in the street took a much greater interest in religion during the [[Renaissance]] than during the [[Middle Ages]] -- if only because the religious discourses of the time affected his or her life to a much greater extent than previously. Joe Average of 1540 would be much more likely to hold a strong [[religious opinion]] than Joe Average of 1340 -- who would most likely have simply believed whatever he heard at the [[pulpit]].

== Important [[Popes]] and other [[Church]] notables ==

* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_V Pope Nicholas V] (1447 - 1455)
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Pius_II Pope Pius II] (1458 - 1464)
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_IV Pope Sixtus IV] (1471 - 1484)
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Alexander_VI Pope Alexander VI] (1492 - 1503)
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Julius_II Pope Julius II] (1503 - 1513)
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Leo_X Pope Leo X] (1513 - 1523) -- [[Pope]] at the time of [[Martin Luther]]'s protest in Wittenburg.
* [http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girolamo_Savonarola Girolamo Savonarola] (1452 - 1498), a noted anti-[[Renaissance]] preacher, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican Dominican] priest, and book-burner.

== Important figures of the [[Reformation]] ==

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wyclif John Wyclif] (1320 - 1384), English professor of Oxford university, whose teachings influenced
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Huss John Huss] (1369 - 1415, burned at the stake), an early reformer in southern [[Bohemia]] and founder of the [[Hussites]].
* [[Martin Luther]] (1483 - 1546), the founder of [[Lutheranism]]
* [http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huldreich_Zwingli Huldreich Zwingli] (1484 - 1531), mad as a cut snake and the founder of the [[Reformation]] in [[Switzerland]], especially [[Zurich]].
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Calvin John Calvin] (1509 - 1564), the founder of [[Calvinism]], which was the religious basis of the [http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huguenot Huguenots] in [[France]] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian Presbyterians] of [[Scotland]] and elsewhere.