<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=192.31.106.35</id>
	<title>Cunnan - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=192.31.106.35"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Special:Contributions/192.31.106.35"/>
	<updated>2026-04-30T13:35:08Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.39.3</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Society_for_Creative_Anachronism&amp;diff=15466</id>
		<title>Society for Creative Anachronism</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Society_for_Creative_Anachronism&amp;diff=15466"/>
		<updated>2006-04-05T00:35:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;Society for Creative [[Anachronism]]&#039;&#039;&#039; (or SCA for short) is a hobby organization devoted to studying and re-creating the [[Middle Ages]] and [[Renaissance]], primarily in Western [[Europe]] but also other regions such as the Middle East and [[Japan]]. It could be considered a [[historical reenactment]] or [[living history]] organization, but, unlike most such organizations, the SCA does not concentrate on a narrowly-defined time [[period]], let alone a specific war or other event. The SCA also does not have a minimum standard of authenticity. The activities of the SCA have more to do with&lt;br /&gt;
re-creation (and recreation) than with re-enactment. Some SCA participants describe the SCA as a large group of people with interlocking hobbies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At a typical SCA event, you will see a wide range in the quality of re-creations and reenactments.  Some individuals may do some aspects of re-creation well (say, [[music]]), while simultaneously doing others poorly (say, [[clothing]]). Still, there is one standard that all participants of official SCA events are held to: participants should try to dress in period (i.e., pre [[17th century]]) garments.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The relatively low requirements to participate are also one of the strengths of the SCA.  For example, they make it possible [[to participate in the SCA on a small budget]]. As long as you are genuinely interested in medieval or Renaissance life, there is a place for you in the SCA.  If it was a job or a hobby in Period, most likely someone within the SCA practices it, sometimes to an excellent degree.  Excellent practitioners are awarded a SCA [[peerage]] (SCA-wide, highest level award) known as the &#039;&#039;[[Order of the Laurel]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The SCA is worldwide in scope.  There are active groups all over the [[United States|USA]], [[Canada]], [[Europe]], [[Israel]], [[Africa]], [[Australia]], and [[New Zealand]] with scattered groups elsewhere. The &#039;&#039;[[Known World]]&#039;&#039; is divided into [[Kingdoms]]. Each Kingdom determines its King and Queen by combat in a crown [[tournament]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To prepare for tournament and wars, some groups hold &#039;fight practices&#039; where a unique full contact martial art is practiced.  The fighters wear armor (often of their own making) and strike each other with sticks primarily made of [[rattan]] and made to resemble [[sword]]s, [[pike]]s, [[spear]]s, [[axe]]s and other medieval weapons.  This &#039;&#039;&#039;Armoured Combat&#039;&#039;&#039; (sometimes called &#039;[[Hardsuit]]&#039; or &#039;[[heavy fighting|Heavy Weapons Fighting]]&#039;) is interesting among [[martial arts]] for its lack of formalized training, which allows new-comers to add to the game in unpredictable ways.  SCA fighters practice many-on-many engagements called melees or wars.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some groups practice [[fencing]] with modified rules that largely disregard [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] fencing rules.  As SCA fencing is supposed to recreate courtly [[dueling]], fencers neither recognise right-of-way nor are they forced to stay within a lane, instead fencing &amp;quot;in the round&amp;quot;.  SCA [[Fencing]] is based on [[Renaissance]] fencing manuals and includes [[rapier case|two weapon]], sword and cape and sword and shield styles.   &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some SCA groups hold regular dance practices where [[Renaissance Dance]] and [[English Country Dance]] is taught.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;See also:&#039;&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Live-action roleplaying games]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[metal weapons groups|Reenactment society]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Living history]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Historical reenactment]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== External Links ==&lt;br /&gt;
The SCA website - http://www.sca.org/&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Japan&amp;diff=17807</id>
		<title>Japan</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Japan&amp;diff=17807"/>
		<updated>2006-04-05T00:09:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: /* Some Problems with a Japanese Persona */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Japan]] is a group of volcanic islands situated east of Korea. Home to the [[samurai]] (an approximate equivalent of the [[Europe|European]] [[knight]]). Most of the landmass (approximately 80%) is mountainous and unsuitable for [[farming]] or residential uses. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Brief Japanese History ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The Heian Period (795-1185)===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Heian Period lasted from 795 to 1185, and is generally considered to be the height or Golden Age of Japanese [[Literature]]. The most famous [[book]] of the time, the &#039;&#039;Tale of Genji&#039;&#039; by Murasaki came from this period, as did the &#039;&#039;Pillowbook of Sei Shonagon&#039;&#039;; these were some of the first novels to be in the formal [[Japan]]ese written language, as opposed to earlier books which were [[writing|written]] largely in [[Chinese]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
During this time the [[Emperor]] commanded the country as ruler, and the [[court]] Aristocracy were at the height of their power; they would never again be this powerful.&lt;br /&gt;
If you are interested in playing a [[persona]] from this period, picking names from the Kuge (the court aristocracy) is appropriate; picking a Buke (&#039;[[samurai]]&#039;, see later) name is not, as they did not exist.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Muromachi Bakufu/Hojo Shogunate (1185-1333)===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This period lasted from 1185 until the Imperial Restoration by the Emperor Go-Daigo in 1333. The period began when, in 1185, Minamoto Yoritomo was declared Shogun by the Emperor at [[sword]] point, and was effectively the ruler of Japan  Shogun was a prior title which literally means nothing more than &#039;Barbarian subduing Generalissimo&#039;; but after Minamoto Yoritomo claimed the title it became the Supreme Military dictator.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yoritomo founded the Muromachi bakufu (lit. &#039;tent government&#039;), so-called because of where they set up the Shogunate government (muromachi). When Yoritomo died the title of Shogun passed to the clan that had adopted him, the Hojo clan, who ruled until they were cast off.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Ashikaga Shogunate through the Onin War (1333-1477)===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1333 the Emperor Go-Daigo decided that he wished to claim the power for himself and, after returning from an exile, enlisted the help of Ashikaga Takauji, who threw his support behind the Emperor. When they succeeded, Takauji expected to be named Shogun, but Go-Daigo was understandably concerned about giving supreme military power to someone when he had just shaken off the same thing.  Takauji, affronted, turned on his master and succeeded in conquering half of the country. The other half would hold out for several years (North and South Japan each had an Imperial Court) before being tricked in to coming to Takauji&#039;s court and getting consumed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Ashikaga shogunate would technically last until the Tokugawa Shogunate, its&#039; power to rule the country was broken in 1467 by the onset of the Onin war. The Onin War was a succession dispute for the Shogun that was used as a front for two warring families to go at it like pitbulls. They each backed a different candidate for Shogun, and beat the tar out of each other. It is important to note that at a time when in Western Europe a large army was 3000 men, during one of the battles of the Onin War one side had 70,000 people...and the other had 80,000.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The war, which lasted until 1477, crippled the power of the Shogunate and launched a new era of feudal lords vying for power and the seat of Shogun.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===The Sengoku/Period of the Nation at War (1477-1600)===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The next 133 years were a period of near constant and total warfare as people jockeyed for power, but in the end of the Japanese Warring States period three men came to the forefront. The first was Oda Nobunaga, who was largely regarded as a butcher. During one particularly brutal slaughter it is said that he had 40,000 [[monk]]s and [[nun]]s put to the [[sword]] over a weekend. In the end Nobunaga was betrayed by one of his generals, and committed suicide in order to escape a death by torture.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He was succeeded by his general Toyotomi Hideyoshi a former peasant who had risen from the rank of Sandal Carrier to General.  Through diplomacy he managed to convince Nobunaga&#039;s army to stay together where normally it would have fallen apart to infighting. With this army he managed to largely unify the country, but he couldn&#039;t convince any if the Shogun families (Hojo or Ashikaga) to adopt him. Since he was born a peasant, this meant he couldn&#039;t be Shogun; he took the title of Regent, and then when his son was born took the title of Taiko (retired regent) so that his son could be ruler when he was old enough.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Toyotomi had three major problems in his reign. The first was the first invasion of Korea, which failed. The second was the second invasion of Korea, which failed just as miserably. And the third problem was that he had his son too late in his reign; when he died, the boy was only an infant. Toyotomi did the best he could in order to try to preserve his son&#039;s reign by creating a Council of Regents in order to watch over the country until his son was old enoigh. And then he stocked the Council with political enemies such as Mitsunari Ishida, and Tokugawa Ieyasu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Several years in to it, however, things came to a head, and Ieyasu was put in the position of essentially having to rebel and take over--which is likely what he had been waiting for. Modern academics believe that Ieyasu may not have been quite as tactically brilliant as the previous two men, although he was more so than Ishida, but he had significantly more patience then either of his predecessors. And so, in 1600, Ishida&#039;s Army of the West and Ieyasu&#039;s Arm of the East clashed at Sekigahara, where Tokugawa Ieyasu won and became the Shogun.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Misconceptions on Samurai==&lt;br /&gt;
The first misconception is that the Samurai existed for thousands of years. This is completely and patently untrue. Essentially the Samurai existed from 1591 and Toyotomi&#039;s Sword Hunt and acts banning social mobility and removing the tradition of ji-samurai (warriors that fought during war, and worked as farmers during the rest of the year). So while Samurai are period, just barely, the Samurai that we think of when we watch Kurosawa films only existed for a few years in period. While there were proto-samurai before that, there was much more social mobility, and the Golden Age of the Samurai didn&#039;t exist until out of period.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Second biggest misconception is that the Samurai [[Sword]] ([[Katana]]) could cut through anything, never broke, and were basically the best swords in the world. While I do prefer them to [[Europe]]an swords personally, they could break, they couldn&#039;t cut through anything, and they were not the super uber sword everyone likes to think they are. People were gifted with swords from their Lord, and obviously if you have more then one son both of them can&#039;t have your three hundred year old ancestral sword, because the King Solomon trick just doesn&#039;t work.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Third misconception is the &#039;Samurai Worship&#039; thing that seems to go around, believing that all Samurai were avid followers of Bushido and didn&#039;t ever do anything wrong  Just like not all European [[knight]]s were bastions of [[chivalry]], some Samurai were downright bastards. Greedy, angry, bitter Samurai did exist, as did Samurai who wanted nothing more then to have lots of sex and own all the best in life, spurning the minimalist ideals and rejection of material goods that Buddhism teaches us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another misconception is what exactly it means to be Samurai.  Samurai, literally, means &#039;to serve&#039; and it is a social class.  Someone who fights is called a Bushi; all Bushi are Samurai, but not all Samurai are Bushi. There were Samurai bureaucrats, Samurai Ladies-in-waiting and Samurai who  had absolutely no talent for the art of warfare and did not want to die. So you can be Samurai and not fight which is the major distinction between a Samurai and a historical Knight. Calling yourself a Samurai in the [[SCA]]is fine, because that is just calling yourself a Nobleman/Noblewoman since it is a social class.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The final misconception is directly related to the [[SCA]]. That is that it is Difficult, Impossible, or Wrong to play a Japanese persona in the SCA--after all, we are a European organization.  Wrong, so very wrong.  First, it is not more difficult to play any persona more then others; you may need to explain your Persona a little bit more then the Celtic guy would, but depending on how historically accurate you want to be it is no more difficult.  If you want to be a generic Japanese guy, be prepared to have some odd looks, but it isn&#039;t terribly different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As for the &#039;&#039;&#039;wrong&#039;&#039;&#039;ness of it, simply remind anyone who says this about what Corpora says. &#039;Western Europe or &#039;&#039;&#039;civilizations they had contact with before 1600&#039;&#039;&#039; &amp;quot;. The Portuguese made contact with Japan in the 1400s; in 1592 Hideyoshi (mentioned above) and his son played with an Elephant given to them by the Spanish in order to smooth over some strained relations, especially after the Expulsion Edicts when they were all kicked out and several nuns and priests were (ironically) crucified. So it is no more wrong then any other non Western European country playing in the SCA.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Why Everyone is a Sengoku Jidai Junkie ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Okay, a lot of people wonder why most of the Japanese persona you see come from 1467 until 1600, and you very rarely see any from 1000 or 1100.  As Furukusu Masahide-tono of the Outlands put it, because &amp;quot;The Buke were Buke, and the Kuge were scared&amp;quot;. Simply put, the Sengoku Jidai is the period of the Warrior, the Birth of the Samurai, and the best period to be from if you Fight. Soldiers were second class citizens compared to the Court Aristocracy (Kuge) before 1185; they were absolutely IN CHARGE from the Onin War until the Meiji Restoration in the 19th Century. So playing in the Sengoku, as a Fighter (Heavy or Light), is playing in a time when you were absolute master of your domain, and every Samurai with charisma and a brain for tactics had the possibility of becoming the Shogun.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Some Problems with a Japanese Persona ==&lt;br /&gt;
Every Persona that you could play has some problems. [[England|English]] names are boring, [[Wales|Welsh]] names are hard to pronounce, and some Greek [[names]] can lend themselves to modern snack foods (ho toxhotes becomes ho Doritos).  Being Japanese is no different, and here are some of the things that you can expect.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Heralds Have Problems===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I have seen a Herald who can correctly pronounce a fifty one letter Welsh/Celtic name without blinking stumble and stutter over a relatively simple Japanese names because they &#039;&#039;think&#039;&#039; it should be more difficult then it is.  The thing to remind them, or to know if you are a Herald, is that Japanese names are all pronounced phonetically (albeit with a cetain set of rules), because unlike Welsh (which uses the same alphabet differently) Japanese uses a completely different character set; so when it is written in English letters, it is all pronounced phonetically.  But, be prepared to have your name spelled correctly on your scroll, but pronounced incomprehensibly by the Herald who reads the scroll.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Western-Europe Junkies===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
These are the people who say the SCA is only Western Europe.  Point out the Corpora information from above, and if they don&#039;t relent, poke them with a chopstick.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Heraldry Has Problems===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Japan didn&#039;t have as much of a formalized Heraldry system as Europe did; there was no Chrysanthemum Emperor of Arms, as far as I know.  Many clans used the exact same mon (Oda, Saito, etc..) and some of the Mons (heraldry) were incredibly simple.  If you have ever played the Legend of Zelda, the Hojo Clan uses the Tri-Force as their heraldry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In order to be period, Japanese heraldry needs to be very very simple.  No more then one charge/charge-group, and only two colors (the background, and the foreground).  But in order to pass through the College of Arms of the SCA, you need to make something that has enough difference from other heraldry to pass.  So you&#039;ll have to be prepared to compromise.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Merchants Won&#039;t Sell (What You Need)===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Go to Estrella war and you&#039;ll see ten different shops selling [[shirt]]s, pants, t-tunics, [[cotehardie]]s, hoopalongs, and [[leather]] [[belt]]s with rings.  But you&#039;ll be hard pressed to find a place selling a wide variety of kosode, and hakama, obi and geta.  Maybe there will be one shop that sells some stuff, if that Japanese Costume Laurel comes out to merchant (I love it when that happens).  So, learn to sew or find some friends that know how to sew you can bribe, because otherwise you&#039;re going to spend more then you want to online.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Finding Like Minded Fellows===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But, all of these problems can be overcome.  Being a Japanese persona is great if you love the culture and the history, and can be a lot of fun. The following resources can help you with your projects, questions, and companionship.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;[[SCA Japanese Membership Map]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/sca-jml SCA Japanese Mailing List]&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;[http://tousando.proboards18.com Tousando Discussion Board]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Samurai&amp;diff=16528</id>
		<title>Samurai</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Samurai&amp;diff=16528"/>
		<updated>2006-04-05T00:00:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: /* Japanese Knights and Masters of the SCA */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;samurai&#039;&#039;&#039; was a class of society in [[Japan]] that last up until it was abolished by the Meiji Restoration. The samurai were required to serve a lord [[daimyo]] and were expected to fight and if necessary die in his service. Samurai are often refered to as Samurai Knights due to their parallels with the Western [[knight]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The word samurai means &#039;to serve&#039; and is a later term that was preceded by the term &#039;bushi&#039;. Early words for samurai refer to their use of the [[bow]] as a primary weapon in combat. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Samurai were expected to be educated and artistic, and above all loyal to their lord. It was not forbidden, but frowned upon to take a wife. The adoption of another into the samurai&#039;s family was an accepted practise and samurai could often change their names if they saw fit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A lower class of samurai existed called the ashigaru (light feet) and formed the bulk of fighting armies in the Warring States Period.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Combat ==&lt;br /&gt;
Combat was often conducted from horseback using naginata ([[glaive]]), yari ([[spear]]) and [[tachi]] (a longer version of the [[katana]]). The uchigatana or [[katana]] was developed and to some extent replaced the [[tachi]]. With the end of the Warring States Period the [[katana]] became the primary [[sword]] of the samurai. Despite popular mythology, the katana was not the primary melee [[weapon]] of the samurai during war. That role was taken by naginata and yari. However, the [[sword]] was the symbol of the samurai. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Generals [[daimyo]] often directed battle from the rear, often seated giving instructions to messengers to relay. At least one general was attacked whilst still seated by mounted samurai. At the end of battle generals would view the heads of slain enemies as they sat on spiked boards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the introduction of the tanegashima (matchlock musket) in the [[16th century]] warfare changed removing most archers from the field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the Tokugawa Shogunate began wars became less common in Japan and the samurai fought reelatively few mass engagements. As a result the [[tachi]] became very rare and the [[katana]] became most recognisable symbol of the class. During this time, the swords arts underwent a change in focus from war to duelling. It is from this time most samurai drama and popularly mythology has developed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Samurai wore [[armour]] constructed of [[leather]] or [[iron]] covered with a lacquer. This [[armour]] was primarily of [[lamellar]] construction but later forms existed with larger riveted plates. Popular myth also erroneously believes samurai wore [[armour]] made of [[wood]] or [[bamboo]]. Foreign forms of armour were prized.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Famous Samurai ==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Tokugawa Ieyasu&#039;&#039; - united Japan under his shogunate with his major victory at Sekigahara where 200,000 samurai took the field.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Mushashi Miyamoto&#039;&#039; - believed to be the greatest swordsman and developer of the &#039;&#039;nito&#039;&#039; (twin sword style) of Japanese swordsmanship, supposedly after viewing two [[Portugal|Portugese]] [[sailor|sailors]] sparring with [[rapier]] and [[main gauche]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Japanese Knights and Masters of the SCA ==&lt;br /&gt;
*Rakkurai of Kamakura&lt;br /&gt;
*Fuyuzuru Tadashi&lt;br /&gt;
*Komura Shimitsu&lt;br /&gt;
*Sakura Tetsuo&lt;br /&gt;
*Ishiyama Namban Tadashi (deceased)&lt;br /&gt;
*Kobayashi Yutaka&lt;br /&gt;
*Ogami Akira (Ino Ogami)&lt;br /&gt;
*Sakura kita Maikaru&lt;br /&gt;
*Atai Yoshina&lt;br /&gt;
*Tsunetomi-no-Inazuma Tsuneo (Badouin MacKenzie of Balfour)&lt;br /&gt;
*Yasugawa Shiotani noh Okami&lt;br /&gt;
*Kikuchi no Tsurunaga (Kai de Ravenglas)&lt;br /&gt;
*Takechi no Musashi&lt;br /&gt;
*Akitsuki Yoshimitsu&lt;br /&gt;
*Yumitori no Kiyoshi (Aylwin Graham the Flamehaired)&lt;br /&gt;
*Kageyama Yasuo&lt;br /&gt;
*Tanaka Raiko&lt;br /&gt;
*Koga Yoshitsune&lt;br /&gt;
*Takamatsu Sadamitsu no kami Tadayoshi&lt;br /&gt;
*Sekimura no Minamoto Akiranaga (Alexandyr)&lt;br /&gt;
*Sato Jiro of the House of Kuji&lt;br /&gt;
*Oikawa Katsu&lt;br /&gt;
*Kamizumi Monenori Jirou&lt;br /&gt;
*Magariki Katsuichi no Koredono&lt;br /&gt;
*Kitakaze Tatsu Raito&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Samurai&amp;diff=15457</id>
		<title>Samurai</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Samurai&amp;diff=15457"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:59:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: /* Japanese Knights and Masters of the SCA */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;samurai&#039;&#039;&#039; was a class of society in [[Japan]] that last up until it was abolished by the Meiji Restoration. The samurai were required to serve a lord [[daimyo]] and were expected to fight and if necessary die in his service. Samurai are often refered to as Samurai Knights due to their parallels with the Western [[knight]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The word samurai means &#039;to serve&#039; and is a later term that was preceded by the term &#039;bushi&#039;. Early words for samurai refer to their use of the [[bow]] as a primary weapon in combat. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Samurai were expected to be educated and artistic, and above all loyal to their lord. It was not forbidden, but frowned upon to take a wife. The adoption of another into the samurai&#039;s family was an accepted practise and samurai could often change their names if they saw fit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A lower class of samurai existed called the ashigaru (light feet) and formed the bulk of fighting armies in the Warring States Period.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Combat ==&lt;br /&gt;
Combat was often conducted from horseback using naginata ([[glaive]]), yari ([[spear]]) and [[tachi]] (a longer version of the [[katana]]). The uchigatana or [[katana]] was developed and to some extent replaced the [[tachi]]. With the end of the Warring States Period the [[katana]] became the primary [[sword]] of the samurai. Despite popular mythology, the katana was not the primary melee [[weapon]] of the samurai during war. That role was taken by naginata and yari. However, the [[sword]] was the symbol of the samurai. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Generals [[daimyo]] often directed battle from the rear, often seated giving instructions to messengers to relay. At least one general was attacked whilst still seated by mounted samurai. At the end of battle generals would view the heads of slain enemies as they sat on spiked boards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the introduction of the tanegashima (matchlock musket) in the [[16th century]] warfare changed removing most archers from the field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the Tokugawa Shogunate began wars became less common in Japan and the samurai fought reelatively few mass engagements. As a result the [[tachi]] became very rare and the [[katana]] became most recognisable symbol of the class. During this time, the swords arts underwent a change in focus from war to duelling. It is from this time most samurai drama and popularly mythology has developed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Samurai wore [[armour]] constructed of [[leather]] or [[iron]] covered with a lacquer. This [[armour]] was primarily of [[lamellar]] construction but later forms existed with larger riveted plates. Popular myth also erroneously believes samurai wore [[armour]] made of [[wood]] or [[bamboo]]. Foreign forms of armour were prized.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Famous Samurai ==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Tokugawa Ieyasu&#039;&#039; - united Japan under his shogunate with his major victory at Sekigahara where 200,000 samurai took the field.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Mushashi Miyamoto&#039;&#039; - believed to be the greatest swordsman and developer of the &#039;&#039;nito&#039;&#039; (twin sword style) of Japanese swordsmanship, supposedly after viewing two [[Portugal|Portugese]] [[sailor|sailors]] sparring with [[rapier]] and [[main gauche]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Japanese Knights and Masters of the SCA ==&lt;br /&gt;
Rakkurai of Kamakura&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fuyuzuru Tadashi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Komura Shimitsu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sakura Tetsuo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ishiyama Namban Tadashi (deceased)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kobayashi Yutaka&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ogami Akira (Ino Ogami)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sakura kita Maikaru&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Atai Yoshina&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tsunetomi-no-Inazuma Tsuneo (Badouin MacKenzie of Balfour)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yasugawa Shiotani noh Okami&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kikuchi no Tsurunaga (Kai de Ravenglas)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Takechi no Musashi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Akitsuki Yoshimitsu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yumitori no Kiyoshi (Aylwin Graham the Flamehaired)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kageyama Yasuo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Tanaka Raiko&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Koga Yoshitsune&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Takamatsu Sadamitsu no kami Tadayoshi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sekimura no Minamoto Akiranaga (Alexandyr)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sato Jiro of the House of Kuji&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oikawa Katsu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kamizumi Monenori Jirou&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Magariki Katsuichi no Koredono&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kitakaze Tatsu Raito&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Samurai&amp;diff=15456</id>
		<title>Samurai</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=Samurai&amp;diff=15456"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:55:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;samurai&#039;&#039;&#039; was a class of society in [[Japan]] that last up until it was abolished by the Meiji Restoration. The samurai were required to serve a lord [[daimyo]] and were expected to fight and if necessary die in his service. Samurai are often refered to as Samurai Knights due to their parallels with the Western [[knight]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The word samurai means &#039;to serve&#039; and is a later term that was preceded by the term &#039;bushi&#039;. Early words for samurai refer to their use of the [[bow]] as a primary weapon in combat. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Samurai were expected to be educated and artistic, and above all loyal to their lord. It was not forbidden, but frowned upon to take a wife. The adoption of another into the samurai&#039;s family was an accepted practise and samurai could often change their names if they saw fit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A lower class of samurai existed called the ashigaru (light feet) and formed the bulk of fighting armies in the Warring States Period.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Combat ==&lt;br /&gt;
Combat was often conducted from horseback using naginata ([[glaive]]), yari ([[spear]]) and [[tachi]] (a longer version of the [[katana]]). The uchigatana or [[katana]] was developed and to some extent replaced the [[tachi]]. With the end of the Warring States Period the [[katana]] became the primary [[sword]] of the samurai. Despite popular mythology, the katana was not the primary melee [[weapon]] of the samurai during war. That role was taken by naginata and yari. However, the [[sword]] was the symbol of the samurai. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Generals [[daimyo]] often directed battle from the rear, often seated giving instructions to messengers to relay. At least one general was attacked whilst still seated by mounted samurai. At the end of battle generals would view the heads of slain enemies as they sat on spiked boards.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
With the introduction of the tanegashima (matchlock musket) in the [[16th century]] warfare changed removing most archers from the field.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the Tokugawa Shogunate began wars became less common in Japan and the samurai fought reelatively few mass engagements. As a result the [[tachi]] became very rare and the [[katana]] became most recognisable symbol of the class. During this time, the swords arts underwent a change in focus from war to duelling. It is from this time most samurai drama and popularly mythology has developed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Samurai wore [[armour]] constructed of [[leather]] or [[iron]] covered with a lacquer. This [[armour]] was primarily of [[lamellar]] construction but later forms existed with larger riveted plates. Popular myth also erroneously believes samurai wore [[armour]] made of [[wood]] or [[bamboo]]. Foreign forms of armour were prized.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Famous Samurai ==&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Tokugawa Ieyasu&#039;&#039; - united Japan under his shogunate with his major victory at Sekigahara where 200,000 samurai took the field.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Mushashi Miyamoto&#039;&#039; - believed to be the greatest swordsman and developer of the &#039;&#039;nito&#039;&#039; (twin sword style) of Japanese swordsmanship, supposedly after viewing two [[Portugal|Portugese]] [[sailor|sailors]] sparring with [[rapier]] and [[main gauche]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Japanese Knights and Masters of the SCA ==&lt;br /&gt;
0019 | K | 01/30/69 | EAST........| Rakkurai of Kamakura&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0061 | K | 09/23/72 | MIDDLE......| Fuyuzuru Tadashi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0137 | M | 05/29/76 | MIDDLE......| Komura Shimitsu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0187 | K | 01/14/78 | ATENVELDT...| Sakura Tetsuo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0268 | K | 05/25/80 | ATENVELDT...| Ishiyama Namban Tadashi (deceased)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0282 | M | 10/25/80 | EAST........| Kobayashi Yutaka&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0314 | K | 08/15/81 | EAST........| Ogami Akira (Ino Ogami)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0343 | K | 03/07/82 | ATENVELDT...| Sakura kita Maikaru&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0365 | K | 08/22/82 | EAST........| Atai Yoshina&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0416 | K | 01/14/84 | ATLANTIA....| Badouin MacKenzie of Balfour (Tsunetomi-no-Inazuma &lt;br /&gt;
Tsuneo*)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0498 | K | 12/01/85 | ATENVELDT...| Yasugawa Shiotani noh Okami&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0754 | K | 08/19/90 | EAST........| Kai de Ravenglas (Kikuchi no Tsurunaga)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0756 | M | 08/19/90 | EAST........| Takechi no Musashi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0795 | K | 06/07/91 | CALONTIR....| Akitsuki Yoshimitsu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0843 | K | 05/02/92 | ATENVELDT...| Aylwin Graham the Flamehaired ( Yumitori no Kiyoshi*)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0908 | K | 02/28/93 | CAID........| Kageyama Yasuo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
0925 | K | 05/30/93 | EAST........| Tanaka Raiko&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1059 | K | 08/19/95 | EAST........| Koga Yoshitsune&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1107 | K | 05/24/96 | TRIMARIS....| Takamatsu Sadamitsu no kami Tadayoshi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1162 | K | 07/19/97 | OUTLANDS....| Sekimura no Minamoto Akiranaga (Alexandyr*)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1302 | K | 08/19/99 | CALONTIR....| Sato Jiro of the House of Kuji&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1340 | K | 04/29/00 | EALDORMERE..| Oikawa Katsu&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1414 | K | 08/15/01 | MIDDLE .....| Kamizumi Monenori Jirou&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1477 | K | 08/13/02 | AETHELMEARC.| Magariki Katsuichi no Koredono&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1503 | K | 02/01/03 | MIDDLE .....| Kitakaze Tatsu Raito&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=17492</id>
		<title>SCA Japanese Membership Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=17492"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:51:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;SCA Japanese Membership Map&#039;&#039;&#039; is a map which shows the location of members of the SCA who identify themselves as portraying a [[Japan|Japanese]] [[persona]] or belonging to an SCA Japanese Clan. Additional information such as contact information and clan membership can be displayed. Registration for the map is by email.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== External Link ===&lt;br /&gt;
*  [http://rhinohide.cx/tousando/clanmap/html/clanmap.html SCA Japanese Membership Map]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15454</id>
		<title>SCA Japanese Membership Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15454"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:49:38Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;SCA Japanese Membership Map&#039;&#039;&#039; is a map which shows the location of members of the SCA who identify themselves as portraying a [[Japan|Japanese]] [[persona]] or belonging to an SCA Japanese Clan. Additional information such as contact information and clan membership are displayed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== External Link ===&lt;br /&gt;
*  [http://rhinohide.cx/tousando/clanmap/html/clanmap.html SCA Japanese Membership Map]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15453</id>
		<title>SCA Japanese Membership Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15453"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:48:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;SCA Japanese Membership Map&#039;&#039;&#039; is a map which shows the location of members of the SCA who identify themselves as portraying a Japanese [[persona]] or belonging to an SCA Japanese Clan. Additional information such as contact information and clan membership are displayed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== External Link ===&lt;br /&gt;
*  [http://rhinohide.cx/tousando/clanmap/html/clanmap.html SCA Japanese Membership Map]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15452</id>
		<title>SCA Japanese Membership Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15452"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:47:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;SCA Japanese Membership Map&#039;&#039;&#039; is a map which shows the location of members of the SCA who identify themselves as portraying a Japanese &#039;&#039;&#039;persona&#039;&#039;&#039; or belonging to an SCA Japanese Clan. Additional information such as contact information and clan membership are displayed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== External Link ===&lt;br /&gt;
*  [http://rhinohide.cx/tousando/clanmap/html/clanmap.html SCA Japanese Membership Map]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15451</id>
		<title>SCA Japanese Membership Map</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://cunnan.lochac.sca.org/index.php?title=SCA_Japanese_Membership_Map&amp;diff=15451"/>
		<updated>2006-04-04T23:46:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;192.31.106.35: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The &#039;&#039;&#039;SCA Japanese Membership Map&#039;&#039;&#039; is a map which shows the location of members of the SCA who identify themselves as portraying a Japanese &#039;&#039;&#039;persona&#039;&#039;&#039; or belonging to an SCA Japanese Clan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== External Link ===&lt;br /&gt;
*  [http://rhinohide.cx/tousando/clanmap/html/clanmap.html SCA Japanese Membership Map]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>192.31.106.35</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>